Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport

"Bombay Airport," "Mumbai Airport" and "Sahar Airport" redirect here. For Mumbai's general aviation airport, see Juhu Aerodrome.

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport
File:Chhatrapati Shivaji Airport Logo.svg
IATA: BOM ICAO: VABB Mumbai Airport's New T2 BOM Location of airport in Mumbai
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Airports Authority of India
Operator	Mumbai International Airport Limited (MIAL)
Serves	Mumbai
Location	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Opened	1942
Hub for	Air India Blue Dart Aviation GoAir IndiGo Jet Airways JetKonnect SpiceJet
Elevation AMSL	37 ft / 11 m
Coordinates	19°05′19″N 72°52′05″E
Website	www.csia.in
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 14/32 2,990 9,760 Asphalt 09/27 3,660 12,008 Asphalt
Statistics (Apr '12 – Mar '13)
Passenger movements 30,207,514 Aircraft movements 244,499 Cargo tonnage 635,163
Source: AAI

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) (IATA: BOM, ICAO: VABB), formerly Sahar International Airport, is the primary international airport in Mumbai, India, and is named after the 17th century Maratha emperor, Chhatrapati Shivaji. The Airport's IATA code – "BOM", is derived from Bombay, Mumbai's former name.

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport is second busiest airport in India and was ranked 48th busiest airport in world by Airports Council International in 2013. The airport has five operating terminals spread over an operational area of 1,160 hectares (2,900 acres). In 2011, the airport was ranked the third-best in the world in the 25–40 million passengers category by Airports Council International. It is situated in the suburb of Santa Cruz and the Sahar neighbourhood of Andheri suburb in the pincode area of 400099. Mumbai International Airport Limited, a consortium of GVK Industries Ltd, Airports Company South Africa and Bidvest, was appointed to carry out the modernisation of Mumbai Airport in February 2006. This project was to be completed by end of 2013, but this has been delayed by another year to the end of 2014. Once completed, CSIA will be capable of handling 40 million passengers and 1 million metric tonnes of cargo annually. The new integrated terminal T2 was inaugurated on 10 January 2014 and opened for international operations on 12 February 2014. A dedicated six lane, elevated road connecting the new terminal with the main arterial Western Express Highway was also opened to the public the same day.

History

Terminal 1B being expanded in 2006

The Juhu Aerodrome functioned as Mumbai's sole airport until 1942. Due to operational constraints imposed by its low-level location and proximity to the Arabian Sea coastline making it vulnerable during the monsoon season, a move further inland became necessary.

RAF Santacruz was set up in 1942. It was a bigger airfield than Juhu and was home to several RAF squadrons during World War II from 1942 to 1947. The Airport covered an area of about 1,160 hectares (2,900 acres) and initially had three runways. The apron existed on the south side of runway 09/27, and the area, referred to today as the "Old Airport", houses, among others, maintenance hangars of Air India, Air Works India and MIAL's General Aviation Terminal.

By 1946, when the RAF began the process of handing over the airfield to the Director General of Civil Aviation for Civil operations, two old abandoned hangars of the Royal Air Force had been converted into a terminal for passenger traffic. One hangar was used as a domestic terminal and the other for international traffic. It had counters for customs and immigration checks on either side and a lounge in the centre. Air India handled its passengers in its own terminal adjoining the two hangars. In its first year, it handled six civilian services a day.

Traffic at the airport increased after Karachi was partitioned to Pakistan and as many as 40 daily internal and foreign services operated by 1949, prompting the Indian Government to develop the airport, equipping the airport with a night landing system comprising a Radio range and a modernised flare path lighting system Construction of a new passenger terminal and apron began in 1950 and was commissioned in 1958,. Named after the neighbourhood in which it stood and initially under the aegis of the Public Works Department, the new airport was subsequently run by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. After a major fire gutted the Santa Cruz terminal in 1979, a temporary departure extension or "Gulf Terminal" became functional in October that year.

With the dawning of the Jumbo Jet era in the 1970s, Santacruz, despite several extensions, began suffering from insufficient operational capacity. The Tata committee, set up in 1967 to examine the issues concerning the airport, had recommended the construction of a new international terminal to meet the requirements of traffic in the seventies. The Santa Cruz terminal was to be used for domestic traffic alone. The International Airport Authority of India (IAAI), which was set up in 1972, started planning the construction of a new terminal building for handling international passenger traffic, to be completed by 1981. Accordingly construction of the new International terminal at Sahar to the north-east of Santacruz was taken up at an estimated cost of Rs. 110 million.

Designed by Aéroports de Paris and opened in January 1981, Terminal 2 was built in three modular phases as 2-A, 2-B, and 2-C. Each module had a capacity of 2.5 million passengers. This terminal had an area of 120,000 m² (1,300,000 sq ft). The original terminal was a convex shaped single concourse building with 14 Code E contact stands. The greater T2 apron also provided a further 15 Code D/E and 6 Code C remote stands. This gave a total of 35 stands on the existing apron.

• 2-A This first phase of the terminal complex was completed at a cost of ₹180 million (US$2.2 million) and served most international carriers. Its boarding gates 3 to 8 were the first aerobridges installed in the subcontinent. It was decommissioned and demolished in January 2009 to make way for the new T2 structure.
• 2-B, costing ₹220 million (US$2.6 million) was completed in 1984. It served Air India and carriers handled by Air India between September 1986 and October 1999 and was decommissioned when 2-C opened. It was extensively refurbished and made operational once again following the demolition of 2A
• 2-C, inaugurated in October 1999, was originally exclusively for Air India, Air-India Express and those carriers whose ground operations were handled by Air India. 2B and 2C were decommissioned in February 2014 when the new T2 took over operations.

AAI had been considering the modernization of Mumbai airport in 1996 although the AAI board approved a modernisation proposal only in 2003. By then, Mumbai and Delhi airports were handling 38% of the country's aircraft movement and generating one third of all revenues earned by AAI. At that time, Mumbai airport handled 13.3 million passengers, 60% of which were domestic travellers. The airport faced severe congestion for both aircraft and passengers as it was handling twice as many aircraft movements per day than it was originally designed for. The bidding process for its modernisation eventually began in May 2004 with the decision by the Empowered Group of Ministers (EGoM) was announced in January 2006.

The GVK led consortium won the bid to manage and operate CSIA. To accomplish this task, Mumbai International Airport Private Limited (MIAL), a Joint Venture between the consortium (74%) and the Airports Authority of India (26%) was formed. Since then, MIAL has made several improvements in the aesthetics, design and passenger conveniences at CSIA.

Structure

T2 Arrivals

Domestic Departures

New Terminal 1C

Check in counter 1A

The airport consists of two passenger terminals: Terminal 1 at Santacruz for domestic flights and Terminal 2 at Sahar for international flights. These terminals use the same airside facilities but are physically separated on the cityside, requiring a 15–20-minute (airside) drive between them. MIAL operates coach shuttle services between the domestic and international terminals for transit passengers. Over the past few years, the older Terminal 2 was demolished and a newer terminal has been partially completed and opened to traffic. Work is in progress on the other part of this new terminal and it is due to be completed in 2015 which is when it will be used for both international and domestic airlines.

Runways

An Airbus 380 test flight ending at Mumbai Airport over Runway 09-27

Mumbai has two intersecting runways. Both runways have been upgraded to Code F, which means they can accommodate larger aircraft like the Airbus A380. Following a presentation in March 2011 by UK’s air traffic service provider NATS on how the capacity of the airport can be increased, MIAL set a target of 48 aircraft movements an hour in an effort to reduce congestion at the airport. Both runways were operated simultaneously especially during peak hours to try and attain this target. MIAL scrapped simultaneous Cross-runway flight operations in mid-2013 after it found that single runway operations were more effective for increasing Aircraft movements per hour. Runway 14/32 is now used only when the main runway is unavailable due to maintenance or other reasons. The construction of new rapid exit taxiways helped in increasing flight handling capacity from 32 movements per hour to 44 in 2012.

Number	Length	Width	ILS	Notes
09–27	3,660 m (12,008 ft))	60 metres (200 ft)	Cat. II (27); Cat. I (09)	Once the longest commercial runway in India, Runway 09/27 is the main runway and has a full-length parallel taxiway to its north by 9 taxiways including three rapid exit taxiways. It intersects the secondary runway south of the terminal buildings. The reconstruction of the runway was completed in May 2011. The runway width was increased from 45 metres (148 ft) to 60 metres (200 ft) with a runway shoulder width of 7.5m added on each side. The ILS on 27 starts at 2,900 ft (880 m) and is 9.1 nautical miles (16.9 km) long with a glide slope path of 3°.
14–32	2,990 m (9,810 ft)	60 metres (200 ft)	Cat. I (both directions)	Runway 14/32 has ten taxiways including three rapid exit taxiways that connect to a parallel taxiway running along its eastern flank. It runs between Terminals 1 and 2 and was reconstructed in 2010. The runway shoulders were widened from 7.5m to 15m.

The existing 72 m (236 ft) tall ATC tower, erected in 1996, stands close to the secondary runway and is a notified obstruction in the aircraft path. Hence, some carriers such as Singapore Airlines, Saudi Airlines and Continental Airlines avoid using the secondary runway and cancel or reschedule their flights into Mumbai when the main runway is unusable.

Further issues with utilising 14/32 are:

• There is a higher probability of missed approaches and diversions in inclement weather because of the runway's higher approach minima at both ends.
• Trombay Hill, lies 4.5 nmi (8.3 km) away from the 32 end, an approach also questioned recently by security agencies because the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) nuclear complex at Trombay (Anushakti Nagar) lies within its flight path.

Parallel runway

MIAL was considering constructing a second parallel runway as part of its master plan. However, the construction of this runway would necessitate a large-scale relocation of either Air-India's hangars and maintenance facilities or the airport's flight kitchens and the Sahar police station, among others, depending on its alignment. The parallel runway remains an active part of the expansion plan but in the meantime the cross runways are being upgraded as much as possible.

Expansion

Upgraded signage

In October 2006, MIAL unveiled the master plan for CSIA, which has been designed to expand and upgrade the infrastructure to cater for 40 million passengers per year and one million metric tonnes of cargo per year by 2010. The separate international and domestic terminals will be merged into one terminal building at the current international building and the current domestic terminal will be converted to a dedicated cargo terminal. The new terminal will have a floor area of 450,000 m² (4,800,000 sq ft). MIAL has also incorporated a parallel runway as part of the master plan but there are some obstructions to this part of the which includes land acquisition and rehabilitation of slums as well as relocation of a number of airport facilities. The graphic design and ambientation of the airport has mainly been created by Argentinan design studio Steinbranding. Landscape improvements were designed by Design Cell, a firm specialising in landscape architecture.

The implementation will be undertaken in two stages:

• The Interim Phase was the implementation of several immediate measures. These were completed in 2008 and included:
  • Refurbishment and construction at Terminal 2
  • Revamp of Terminal 1A to upgrade and expand facilities such as check-in counters and boarding bridges
  • Setting-up of temporary cargo facilities to add capacity
  • Upgrading of the airside runway facilities such as rapid exit taxiways to increase runway capacity to cater to traffic growth
  • Enhancing city-side facilities such as multi-level car parks

• Phase Two includes:
  • Creation of a brand new terminal building (T2) at Sahar catering to both international and domestic operations
  • Construction of a dedicated link from the Western Express Highway to T2 at Sahar
  • Enhancement of the airside facilities by shifting the air traffic control tower and construction of a parallel taxiway for runway 14/32.
  • Development of infrastructure on the city-side
  • Building new cargo facilities
  • Construction of Terminal 1C

New taxiways have been developed to reduce the runway occupancy time by aircraft after landing. The airport has five rapid exit taxiways. By 2013, 11 rapid exit taxiways will be constructed. MIAL is undertaking the installation of a centralised data system which will provide information about domestic as well as international flights to all display devices at both terminals instead of just one or the other as at present. There are plans to extend the scope of the system to the air traffic control (ATC) and apron control areas, the airport website and even to leading hotel chains. A centralised call centre to provide flight details is also envisaged.

A Wi-Fi service is available free of charge throughout the airport.

Project facts

• Cost: ₹123 billion (US$1.5 billion)
• Airport area: 800 hectares
• Completion Year: 2014
• Project Area: 4,843,759 ft (1,476,378 m)
• Building Height: 45 m
• Number of Storeys: 4

Air Traffic Control Tower

The new Air traffic control tower.

India's tallest Air Traffic Control Tower with a height of 85 m (279 ft) stands in a section of the parking area opposite terminal 1B. The triangular three-dimensional structure with soft vertices that won the Hong Kong Building Information Modeling (BIM) Award for the year 2009, has six storeys commencing from 62.1 m (204 ft) The tower was inaugurated on 18 October 2013 and took over operations on 1 January 2014.

From the new tower, air traffic controllers are able to see five miles beyond the thresholds of both runways. The tower and its associated technical block and mechanical plant building covers 2,884 square metres. The cost of the fully equipped tower is estimated at ₹ 4 billion.

The previous ATC tower began functioning in 1999 and was built by the Airports Authority of India (AAI) at an overall project cost of about ₹ 2.80 billion. Many airlines such as Singapore International Airlines, Saudi Airways, Qantas and United avoid landing at Mumbai airport when the secondary runway is in use as the old tower is not in compliance with ICAO Standards. The tower penetrates runway 14/32’s transitional obstacle limitation surfaces by over 50 metres (for instrument approaches). The old tower also obstructs the path of a parallel taxiway under construction for the secondary runway. The old tower will be demolished in late 2014 and the taxiway will be completed.

Sahar Elevated Access Road

Main article: Sahar Elevated Access Road

Sahar Elevated Access Road

Sahar Elevated Access Road View

Despite the fact that T2 is located in Sahar close to Mumbai’s arterial Western Express Highway, passengers travelling to the terminal had a harrowing road traffic experience. The impending shift of all domestic air traffic to T2 would worsen the situation during the daytime and evening peak traffic hours.

In order to avoid these traffic bottlenecks, a dedicated, direct elevated corridor was envisaged. This elevated corridor, also called the Sahar Elevated Access Road, runs roughly east-west between the Western Express Highway near Hanuman Mandir to the airport’s forecourt bypassing the crowded Chakala, Sahar Road and Jog flyover areas of Andheri (east). MIAL is contributing a major share of the project cost.

The ₹ 2.87 billion project, commissioned in January 2008, had been delayed due to issues in shifting Project-affected persons (PAPs) to resettlement colonies in Kurla and Oshiwara. The road was constructed under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission.

On the WEH end, the project comprises 1,050 metres of elevated road, a 98-metre long tunnel with ramps measuring 261 metres, three vehicular underpasses each of 48, 22 & 30 metres and a 641-metre long 6 lane road at Grade. A 48-metre long pedestrian cum 2 wheeler underpass on the WEH was also built as part of the plan. The airport end of the elevated road has four ramps totally measuring 2,200 metres to connect to the arrivals and departure sections of the airport forecourt. The road has been operational from Valentine's Day, 2014.

Challenges

Slum relocations

The Airport's expansion plans, however, have been repeatedly thwarted by slums encroaching onto the airport area. According to a report submitted by GVK to the Ministry of Civil Aviation, the airport's total operating area covers 936 acres (3.79 km²) of which actual encroached land is 262 acres (1.06 km²) against a government estimate of 147 acres (0.59 km²). Land subject to legal proceedings covers an area of 34 acres (140,000 m²). Approximately 308 acres of airport land is encroached upon by about 85,000 hutments housing a population of around 400,000 persons,

In 2007, MIAL awarded the airport slum rehabilitation project, the largest urban rehabilitation scheme in the country, to Housing Development and Infrastructure Limited (HDIL). The project entailed shifting people living on 276 acres of encroached airport land to enable airport expansion. As part of the deal, HDIL was expected to build and provide eligible slumdwellers free housing on its own land within a radius of 2 km from the airport within seven years. In return, HDIL was to get a couple of crore square feet of land in the form of Transfer of Development Rights (TDR). However, less than 500 of the 85,000 slum families were relocated to new houses and in February 2013, MIAL terminated its agreement HDIL following a decision taken by the MIAL board. citing non-completion of the project on time.

According to MMRDA, these 500 families were the ones moved to facilitate the Sahar Elevated Access Road. None of the encroached 276 acres has been freed up partly because 40% to 50% of the slumdwellers on airport land were ineligible for rehabilitation. The state had extended the cut-off date for these slum residents from January 1995 to January 2000. This meant that only the slumdwellers residing at the spot prior to 2000 are eligible for free housing under the project.

In August 2012, the State Government admitted its inability to clear encroachments and excluded nearly 200 acres of encroached land from the modernization and expansion plans for the airport. Hence, only 104 acres of the encroached land required for aeronautical purposes will be cleared.

Statue Relocation

A 17-month delay in the relocation of the statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, whose location fell in the footprint of the new common user terminal, cost ₹ 250 million, according to a consultation paper by the Airport Economic Regulatory Authority (AERA). The report stated that although the statue area was scheduled to be handed over for construction by 31 March 2010, the State Government kept delaying the sanction to move the statue because the Shiv Sena, Bharatiya Janata Party, the main Opposition parties in the Maharashtra State assembly and the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena held protests against the shifting of the statue. MIAL doesn't have the right to hurt our sentiment on Shivaji Maharaj just because they are developing the airport, stated MNS MLA Bala Nandgaonkar, "We will not allow the statue to be shifted."

MIAL had proposed to construct a grand memorial of Chhatrapati Shivaji on the Western Express Highway near the airport. In addition, it proposed to relocate the statue to a garden near the airport and undertake beautification. The proposals failed to deter the protesters. The change of government in the state further delayed the decision making process. The delay in approval affected work on approximately 50,000 square feet of land and has led to delay in project completion. The Statue was relocated on 27 August 2011 and the area was handed over for construction.

Terminals, airlines and destinations

Terminal 1B Departures

Terminal 1C

Mumbai International airport T2 boarding gates

View of Multi-Level Car Parking of Mumbai Airport T2

The airport consists of four terminals:

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 comprises three adjacent structures, designated 1A, 1B and 1C.

• Terminal 1-A opened in April 1992, and is used by Air India and GoAir.

• Terminal 1-B was the original Santacruz building used for international and domestic operations. It was refurbished at various times over the decades, the most recent being during the 2000s. It is used by all of the other domestic airlines.

• Terminal 1-C was built at a cost of ₹ 3 billion and opened in April 2010. Architectural design was provided by Hafeez Contractor. EDRC, the inhouse design unit of the EPC contractor Larsen & Toubro (L&T) performed the Structural, MEP and IT / Airport systems design. The building serves as a boarding-only facility for all airlines. The terminal has 6 passenger boarding bridges and allows connectivity between terminals 1A and 1B. It is spread over 297,194 sq ft across three levels and has a seating capacity of about 900 passengers. Level 1 houses the offices of MIAL and some airlines, Level 2 comprises the security-hold area for passengers after checking in at either terminal 1A or 1B. Level 3 accommodates a food court.

New Terminal 2

Larsen & Toubro (L&T) was awarded the contract to construct the new Terminal 2. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM)was the architectural designer of the project. SOM also provided the schematic design of structure and MEP and the detailed structural design of the roof. Detailed design of the foundations and the rest of the structure and civil works, the MEP, IT and airport systems, including the full construction documentation of the project was carried out by L&T's inhouse design team, EDRC (Engineering Design and Research Center). The terminal covers a land area of 210,000 square metres and will replace the existing International Terminal (part of which has already been demolished). The entire project was estimated to cost ₹98 billion (US$1.2 billion) and employ over 12,000 workers. The X-shaped terminal has a total floor area of 450,000 square metres across four floors and will eventually handle both domestic and international passengers. It will include new taxiways and apron areas for aircraft parking designed to cater to 40 million passengers annually. The iconic structure will have boarding gates on two piers extending southwards from a central processing building featuring a 42-metre high roof employing over 20,000 metric tonnes of fabricated steel covering 30 acres. The new T2 terminal building operates Multiple Aircraft Ramp System (MARS) stands and swing gates, so that a single stand can accommodate either one wide body aircraft or two narrow body aircraft, in either domestic or international configuration. The new terminal is connected by the six-lane Sahar Elevated Access Road to the Western Express Highway. A metro rail link to the terminal is also planned.

The new terminal has around 21,000 square meters of retail space, lounges and travel services, over 5,000 square meters of landscaping and a multi level car park for 5,000 cars. The parking Management System and Revenue control system for the entire MLCP has been designed and supplied by SKIDATA. It has 192 check-in counters and 60 immigration counters for departing passengers, and 12 baggage carousels and 76 immigration counters for arriving passengers. To transfer passengers across its four levels, the building has 48 escalators and 75 elevators. The terminal also features 42 travelators. In the initial phase of development, the apron adjoining T2 will provide a total of 48 stands including 3 Code F stands (for the A-380). In the final phase of development a total of 38 Code E/F contact stands, 14 Code E/F remote stands and 20 Code C remote stands will be provided (total 72 stands). International operations from the building commenced on 12 February 2014, while the domestic operations will be transferred from the Santacruz terminal to T2 by the last quarter of 2014. The first arrival at T2 was AI343 from Singapore via Chennai. It arrived just in the nick of time before Emirates 506 from Dubai. The first departure from the new terminal was Jet Airways flight 118. The old international terminal was closed permanently at 1 pm on 12 February 2014. Construction is underway to build the remaining pier of T2 and is expected to open to the public in 2015.

External videos
Official Terminal 2 Video

Key facilities at the New T2

Facilities	Proposed	Existing
Parking stands for aircraft	108	84
Boarding bridges	60	25
Check-in counters	192	135
Car parking	5,000	3,600

Jaya He art exhibit

Terminal 2 hosts the world's largest public art programme to be located in an airport, with 6,000 pieces of Indian art from all over India. The majority of the art originates from the 8th to the 19th Centuries, with some 100 commissioned contemporary works, including by renowned Indian artists. The exhibits are being displayed on 18-foot high walls along the terminal's corridors and other standalone display areas totalling 1.2 kilometres in length and encompassing a total area of 7,430sqm. It has also been referred to by the BBC as "India's largest museum".

With 40 million passengers annually, the area will surpass the number of visitors to the Louvre (9m) in Paris.

General Aviation Terminal

CSIA's GA Terminal for private and non-scheduled flight operators (NSOPs) is located at Kalina on the south-west side of the airfield. The terminal was approved for international operations in April 2011, making CSIA the first airport in India to have a self-contained terminal for handling round the clock domestic and international flight operations for private and NSOPs. The terminal offers facilities for passengers departing and arriving on private aircraft and business jets. The terminal has two exclusive lounges, two conference halls, two crew rest rooms and a cafe bar.

Cargo Facility

The Air Cargo Complex, located west of the International Passenger Terminal (T2), has been in operation since 1977. The cargo apron is capable of handling five wide-bodied aircraft. In 2009–10, the airport handled 385,937 metric tones of International Cargo and 165,252 metric tones of Domestic Cargo.

Air India (AI) and Mumbai International Airport Pvt Ltd (MIAL) have been appointed as custodians of cargo by the Central Board of Excise and Customs at Mumbai. MIAL handles 33 airlines while AI handles 11. Apart from handling 65% of the international volumes at CSIA, MIAL also operates the Common User Domestic Cargo Facility since November 2009 handling Deccan 360 and IndiGo. The common user facility for exports is 7,500 m² and handles 11,000 tonnes per month. The Common User Express Terminal for couriers is operated by the Express Industry Council of India. Small shipments are handled via the International Passenger Terminal or the Domestic Passenger Terminal while larger express parcels are handled through the general cargo warehouses.

The Cargo Terminal has a Centre for Perishable Cargo(CPC) with an area of 1844 m² for perishable and temperature sensitive international export shipments, strong rooms of 115 m² for storage of valuable cargo and storage areas for dangerous goods in both import and export warehouses, dedicated Unaccompanied Baggage handling and clearance areas and 9 coloured X-ray cargo screening machines for export cargo.

Passenger airlines

Several Jet Airways Boeing 737-800s parked at the airport

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Air Arabia	Sharjah	2
Air China	Chengdu	2
Air France	Paris-Charles de Gaulle	2
Air India	Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Bhuj, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Jamnagar, Jodhpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Lucknow, Madurai, Mangalore, Nagpur, Raipur, Rajkot, Ranchi, Thiruvananthapuram, Udaipur, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam	1A
Air India	Abu Dhabi, Ahmedabad, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Chennai, Delhi, Dubai-International, Goa, Hyderabad, Jeddah, London-Heathrow, Muscat, New York-JFK, Newark, Riyadh, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore	2
Air India Express	Chennai, Doha, Kochi, Kozhikode, Kuala Lumpur, Mangalore, Thiruvananthapuram	2
Air Mauritius	Mauritius	2
All Nippon Airways	Tokyo-Narita	2
Bangkok Airways	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi	2
British Airways	London-Heathrow	2
Cathay Pacific Airways	Hong Kong	2
Delta Air Lines	Amsterdam	2
Druk Air	Paro	2
EgyptAir	Cairo	2
El Al	Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion	2
Emirates	Dubai-International	2
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa	2
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi	2
GoAir	Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Ranchi, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Jaipur, Jammu, Kochi, Leh, Lucknow, Nagpur, Srinagar, Lucknow, Kolkata, Siliguri, Port Blair, Pune	1A
Gulf Air	Bahrain	2
IndiGo	Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Nagpur, Patna, Raipur, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam	1B
IndiGo	Dubai-International, Muscat	2
Iran Air	Tehran-Imam Khoemeini	2
Iraqi Airways	Baghdad, Najaf	2
Jet Airways	Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhavnagar, Bhopal, Bhuj, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Diu, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mangalore, Patna, Porbunder, Pune, Ranchi, Thiruvananthapuram, Udaipur, Vadodara, Visakhapatnam	1B
Jet Airways	Abu Dhabi, Bahrain, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Brussels, Colombo, Dammam, Dhaka, Doha, Dubai-International, Hong Kong, Jeddah, Kathmandu, Kuwait, London-Heathrow, Muscat, Newark, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Riyadh, Singapore	2
JetKonnect operated by JetLite	Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Indore, Jammu, Kozhikode, Kolkata, Lucknow, Nagpur, Raipur, Rajkot, Srinagar	1B
Kenya Airways	Nairobi-Jomo Kenyatta	2
Korean Air	Seoul-Incheon	2
Kuwait Airways	Kuwait	2
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich	2
Malaysia Airlines	Kuala Lumpur	2
Malindo Air	Kuala Lumpur	2
Oman Air	Muscat	2
Pakistan International Airlines	Karachi	2
Qatar Airways	Doha	2
Royal Jordanian	Amman-Queen Alia	2
Saudia	Dammam, Jeddah, Riyadh Seasonal: Madinah	2
Singapore Airlines	Singapore	2
South African Airways	Johannesburg-O. R. Tambo	2
SpiceJet	Agartala, Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Hubli, Hyderabad, Jabalpur, Jaipur, Jammu, Kochi, Kolkata, Madurai, Mangalore, Srinagar, Surat, Thiruvananthapuram, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam, Lucknow	1B
SpiceJet	Dubai-International	2
SriLankan Airlines	Colombo	2
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich	2
Thai Airways	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi	2
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul-Ataturk	2
United Airlines	Newark	2
Virgin Atlantic Airways	London-Heathrow	2
Yemenia	Aden, Sana'a	2

Cargo airlines

Airlines	Destinations
Atlas Air	Bahrain, Dubai, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, London-Stansted, Newark, New York-JFK, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Tokyo-Narita, Toledo
Blue Dart Aviation	Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Patna
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Chennai, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Paris-Charles de Gaulle
DHL Aviation operated by AeroLogic	Leipzig/Halle
DHL Aviation operated by Atlas Air	Barcelona, Brussels, Frankfurt
Emirates SkyCargo	Dubai
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo	Addis Ababa
Etihad Crystal Cargo	Abu Dhabi, Shanghai-Pudong
FedEx Express	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Dubai, Guangzhou, Frankfurt-Hahn, Hong Kong, Memphis, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Tokyo-Narita
FitsAir	Colombo
Korean Air Cargo	Seoul-Incheon
Lufthansa Cargo	Almaty, Cologne/Bonn, Frankfurt, Krasnoyarsk, Leipzig/Halle
Martinair-KLM	Amsterdam, Hong Kong, Kuwait, Sharjah
Polet Airlines	Brussels, Guangzhou, Moscow-Sheremetyevo, ISeoul-Incheon
Qatar Airways Cargo	Doha
Saudia Cargo	Dammam, Jeddah, Riyadh
Singapore Airlines Cargo	Bangalore, Brussels, Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Singapore
Turkish Airlines Cargo	Istanbul-Atatürk, Riaydh
UPS Airlines	Amsterdam-Schiphol, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Cologne/Bonn, Dubai, Frankfurt-Hahn, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle, Newark
Uzbekistan Airways Cargo	Tashkent
Volga Dnepr	Beijing-Capital, Dubai, Hong Kong, Krasnoyarsk, Ulyanovsk

Access

Ville Parle, a railway station on the Western line and Harbour line is the closest station of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. The Mumbai Metro is also planned to connect to the airport in the future.

Statistics

Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport is the second-busiest airport in the Indian Subcontinent, in terms of passengers carried per year and second-busiest in term of traffic movements. The airport can officially handle 36 flights per hour and intends to increase this to 48. Currently it handles more than 760 aircraft movement per day.

The Mumbai-Delhi route was recently ranked by Official Airline Guide (OAG) as the seventh-busiest domestic route in the world, based on the number of flights per week. This airport, along with Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport, is the primary international gateway to India and served by approximately 50 international airlines. It is the primary hub for Jet Airways and GoAir and also serves as a secondary hub for a few other airlines, including Air India, IndiGo, JetLite and SpiceJet. International traffic peaks late in the night, whilst peak domestic traffic is before 10:00. Nevertheless, at least 45% of traffic flows between 10:00 and 18:30 daily.

In July 2010, the Airport was ranked fourth best in the world for having aerobridges, food courts, spas and salons. This airport, along with airports in Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore, and Kolkata handles more than 75% of the passengers in India. In the eleven months between April 2006 and February 2007, it handled 180,000 landings and take-offs and over 20 million passengers, with a total of 13.56 million domestic air passengers and 6.73 million international passengers. It registered a 21.28% growth in passenger traffic over the previous year 2005–06, when the figure was 17.6 million passengers. In 2008, for the second year in a row, it was the world's most-delayed airport in terms of arrivals. Only 49.95% of arrivals were on time. About 58% of its late arrivals in 2008 were delayed by 30 minutes or more, although the delay in these arrivals is largely attributed to air congestion at a flight's origin.

Airport services

Fixed base operators (FBO)

There are several fixed base operators at the airport and they include:

Caterers

• Ambassador's Sky Chef
• Chef Air
• Oberoi Flight Services
• Sky Gourmet
• TAJ-SATS

Fuellers

An IndianOil tanker at Mumbai airport

• Bharat Petroleum
• Hindustan Petroleum
• Indian Oil

Ground handlers

• Cambata Aviation
• Celebi-Nas
• NACIL

Accidents and incidents

1950s

• On 15 July 1953, a BOAC DH.106 Comet landed at the much smaller Juhu Aerodrome instead of Santacruz Airport (now Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport). The aircraft was flown out some nine days later.
• On 19 July 1959, Rani of Aera, a Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation (registered VT-DIN) carrying 46 people (39 passengers and 7 crew) approached Santacruz Airport in conditions of poor visibility due to rain. The captain was using an altimeter with the barometric pressure set at 29.92". An overshoot was delayed and the aircraft crashed and suffered damage beyond repair. There were no fatalities.

1960s

• On 28 May 1968, the pilot of a Garuda Indonesia Convair 990 mistook the much smaller Juhu Aerodrome for Santacruz Airport and tried to land his aircraft. It overshot the runway falling just short of the traffic road ahead and several residential buildings when its nose wheel got stuck in a ditch at the end of the runway. All passengers survived.

1970s

• On 9 September 1970, BOAC 775 was flying from the then Santacruz Airport to London Heathrow International airport with stopovers in Bahrain and Beirut. It was hijacked by PFLP hijackers after taking off from Bahrain and diverted to Dawson's Field.
• On 24 December 1972, Japan Airlines Flight 472, operated by Douglas DC-8-53 landed at Juhu Aerodrome instead of Santacruz Airport. The aircraft overran the end of the runway and was damaged beyond economic repair.
• On 12 October 1976: Indian Airlines Flight 171, a Sud Aviation SE 210 Caravelle had its right engine catch fire shortly after take off. The crew attempted to return, but the plane crashed approximately 1000 feet short of Runway 09. All six crew members and their 89 passengers were killed.
• On 1 January 1978 Air India Flight 855 a Boeing 747-237B crashed into the Arabian Sea after take off from Mumbai, killing all on board (213 persons; 190 passengers, 23 crew).
• On 4 August 1979: a Hawker Siddeley HS 748 aircraft was approaching Sahar International Airport (now Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport) at night and in poor weather when it flew into high terrain approximately 6 mi (9.7 km) from the airport, killing the four crew and their 41 passengers.

2000s

• On 4 September 2009, Air India Flight 829 a Boeing 747–437 flying on the Mumbai-Riyadh route caught fire at the Airport. The fire started in number one engine while the aircraft was taxiing to Runway 27 for take-off. An emergency evacuation was carried out with no injuries among the 228 people (213 passengers and 15 crew) on board.
• On 10 November 2009, Kingfisher Airlines Flight 4124, operated by ATR 72-212A VT-KAC skidded off the runway after landing. The aircraft suffered substantial damage but all 46 passengers and crew escaped unharmed.

2010s

• On 2 September 2011, Turkish Airlines Flight 720, from Istanbul, skidded off rapid exit taxiway N8 after landing. No injuries were reported but the incident has been called "serious" by an official and a probe has been ordered.

• On 9 March 2013, IndiGo Flight 433 from Chandigarh skidded off runway 27 whilst landing, however the pilot managed to bring the aircraft back onto the runway but failed to notify ground control or the ATC. An airport worker saw damaged runway lights shortly afterwards and reported it. Checks of aircraft at the airport confirmed that the Airbus A320 did skid off the runway.

• On 11 March 2013, Air France Flight 217 took off from Mumbai at around 4am bound for Paris. After detecting engine failure, the pilot contacted air-traffic control, requesting a return and asking for emergency services to be readied. The plane landed at 4.45am (30 minutes passed between detection and landing). Airport officials said a preliminary check conducted by the fire team did not show anything amiss, but a tool was found during a check by maintenance officers.

Awards and honours

• Third-best Airport in the World in the 25–40 million passengers category by Airports Council International in 2011 and 2012.

• Fourth-best Airport in the World in the 15–20 million passengers category by Airports Council International, notably for aerobridges, fancy food courts, spas and salons.

• Best Airport in India by the Airport Council International.

• Best Airport in Public-Private Partnership by the Air Passengers Association of India (APAI).

• Aeronautical Excellence Airport of the Year 2008 from Frost & Sullivan.

• First Airport in India to Implement Self-Service Kiosks and CUTE (Common Use Terminal Equipment) check-in systems.

External links

• CSIA Official website
• Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport page at the AAI website
• GVK web site
• Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport Project Details
• Accident history for BOM at Aviation Safety Network