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'''Shawarma''' ({{IPAc-en|ʃ|ə|ˈ|w|ɑːr|m|ə}}; {{lang-ar|شاورما}}), also spelled '''shawurma''' or '''shawerma''', is a [[Levantine cuisine|Levantine Arab]] meat preparation, where thin cuts of [[lamb and mutton|lamb]], [[Chicken (food)|chicken]], [[turkey meat|turkey]], [[beef]], [[veal]], or mixed meats are stacked in a cone-like shape on a [[Rotisserie#Vertical rotisserie|vertical rotisserie]]. As it rotates and the outside cooks continuously, thin slices are shaved off.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqgUAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22&dq=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22 |title=Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle Eastern |author=Philip Mattar|edition=Hardcover |publisher=Macmillan Library Reference |year=2004 |isbn=0028657713 |page=840 |quote=''Shawarma is a popular Levantine Arab specialty.''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ier6CmQ-e-kC&pg=PA115&dq=Shawarma+arab#v=onepage&q=Shawarma%20arab&f=false |title=Around the World of Food: Adventures in Culinary History |author=John A La Boone III |edition=Paperback |publisher=iUniverse, Inc|year=2006|isbn=0595389686|page=115 |quote=''Shawarma - An Arab sandwich similar to the gyro.''}}</ref> Shawarma is one of the world's most popular [[street foods]], especially in the countries of the [[Levant]] and the [[Arabian Peninsula]].<ref name="Street Food">{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/864676073 |title=Street food around the world : an encyclopedia of food and culture |isbn=1598849557 |location=Santa Barbara, California |pages=18, 339 |oclc=864676073}}</ref>
'''Shawarma''' ({{IPAc-en|ʃ|ə|ˈ|w|ɑːr|m|ə}}; {{lang-ar|شاورما}}), also spelled '''shawurma''' or '''shawerma''', is a [[Levantine cuisine|Levantine]] meat preparation, where thin cuts of [[lamb and mutton|lamb]], [[Chicken (food)|chicken]], [[turkey meat|turkey]], [[beef]], [[veal]], or mixed meats are stacked in a cone-like shape on a [[Rotisserie#Vertical rotisserie|vertical rotisserie]]. As it rotates and the outside cooks continuously, thin slices are shaved off.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqgUAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22&dq=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22 |title=Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle Eastern |author=Philip Mattar|edition=Hardcover |publisher=Macmillan Library Reference |year=2004 |isbn=0028657713 |page=840 |quote=''Shawarma is a popular Levantine Arab specialty.''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ier6CmQ-e-kC&pg=PA115&dq=Shawarma+arab#v=onepage&q=Shawarma%20arab&f=false |title=Around the World of Food: Adventures in Culinary History |author=John A La Boone III |edition=Paperback |publisher=iUniverse, Inc|year=2006|isbn=0595389686|page=115 |quote=''Shawarma - An Arab sandwich similar to the gyro.''}}</ref> Shawarma is one of the world's most popular [[street foods]], especially in the countries of the [[Levant]] and the [[Arabian Peninsula]].<ref name="Street Food">{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/864676073 |title=Street food around the world : an encyclopedia of food and culture |isbn=1598849557 |location=Santa Barbara, California |pages=18, 339 |oclc=864676073}}</ref>


Related dishes in the [[Mediterranean Region|region]] include Turkish ''[[doner kebab|döner kebab]]'' and Greek ''[[gyro (food)|gyros]]''.<ref>[[Aglaia Kremezi]] and Anissa Helou, "What's in a Dish's Name", "Food and Language", ''Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery'', 2009, {{ISBN|190301879X}}</ref>
Related dishes in the [[Mediterranean Region|region]] include Turkish ''[[doner kebab|döner kebab]]'' and Greek ''[[gyro (food)|gyros]]''.<ref>[[Aglaia Kremezi]] and Anissa Helou, "What's in a Dish's Name", "Food and Language", ''Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery'', 2009, {{ISBN|190301879X}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:44, 5 August 2018

Shawarma
TypeMeat
Place of originOttoman Empire[1]
Region or stateMiddle East, Levant
Main ingredientsMeat: lamb, chicken, turkey, beef
Sandwich: Shawarma meat or shawarma falafel, pita or wrap bread, chopped or shredded vegetables, pickles and assorted condiments

Shawarma (/ʃəˈwɑːrmə/; Arabic: شاورما), also spelled shawurma or shawerma, is a Levantine meat preparation, where thin cuts of lamb, chicken, turkey, beef, veal, or mixed meats are stacked in a cone-like shape on a vertical rotisserie. As it rotates and the outside cooks continuously, thin slices are shaved off.[2][3] Shawarma is one of the world's most popular street foods, especially in the countries of the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula.[4]

Related dishes in the region include Turkish döner kebab and Greek gyros.[5]

History

Grilling a vertical spit of stacked meat slices and cutting it off as it cooks was developed in the 19th century in Ottoman Turkey.[6][7] This is döner kebab, which is the origin of shawarma, Mexican tacos al pastor, and Greek gyros.

Etymology

Shawarma is an Arabic rendering of Turkish çevirme [tʃeviɾˈme] 'turning', referring to the turning rotisserie.[8] The Turkish and Greek names, döner and gyros, similarly refer to turning.

Preparations

Shavings are cut off the block of meat for serving, and the remainder of the block of meat is kept heated on the rotating spit. Shawarma can be served on a plate (generally with accompaniments), or as a sandwich or wrap. Shawarma is usually eaten with tabbouleh, fattoush, taboon bread, tomato, and cucumber. Toppings include tahini, hummus, pickled turnips, and amba.

  • Towards the end of the 2012 superhero film The Avengers, after the group's battle with the Chitauri army, Iron Man expresses his desire to eat shawarma to celebrate. In the post-credits scene, the titular group is seen tiredly eating shawarma at a local eatery in New York City.[9] According to TMZ, this led to a temporary boost in shawarma sales in Los Angeles when the movie opened.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ Prichep, Deena; Estrin, Daniel. "Thank the Ottoman Empire for the taco al pastor". pri.org. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  2. ^ Philip Mattar (2004). Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle Eastern (Hardcover ed.). Macmillan Library Reference. p. 840. ISBN 0028657713. Shawarma is a popular Levantine Arab specialty.
  3. ^ John A La Boone III (2006). Around the World of Food: Adventures in Culinary History (Paperback ed.). iUniverse, Inc. p. 115. ISBN 0595389686. Shawarma - An Arab sandwich similar to the gyro.
  4. ^ Street food around the world : an encyclopedia of food and culture. Santa Barbara, California. pp. 18, 339. ISBN 1598849557. OCLC 864676073.
  5. ^ Aglaia Kremezi and Anissa Helou, "What's in a Dish's Name", "Food and Language", Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery, 2009, ISBN 190301879X
  6. ^ Eberhard Seidel-Pielen (May 10, 1996). "Döner-Fieber sogar in Hoyerswerda" [Doner fever even in Hoyerswerda]. ZEIT ONLINE (in German). Retrieved May 6, 2016.
  7. ^ Kenneth F. Kiple, Kriemhild Coneè Ornelas, eds., Cambridge World History of Food, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-40216-6. Vol. 2, p. 1147
  8. ^ Reporter, Mohammed N. Al Khan, Staff (31 July 2009). "Shawarma: the Arabic fast food". gulfnews.com.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "'The Avengers': The story of the after-credits shawarma scene". ew.com.
  10. ^ "'Avengers' Joke Skyrockets Shawarma Sales In Los Angeles". tmz.com.
  • Media related to Shawarma at Wikimedia Commons
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