Mannose receptor

mannose receptor, C type 2
mannose receptor, C type 2
Identifiers
Symbol	MRC2
Alt. symbols	CD280
NCBI gene	9902
HGNC	16875
RefSeq	NM_006039
UniProt	Q9UBG0
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 q23
Structures
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Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

mannose receptor, C type 1
mannose receptor, C type 1
Identifiers
Symbol	MRC1
Alt. symbols	CD206
NCBI gene	4360
HGNC	7228
OMIM	153618
RefSeq	NM_002438
UniProt	P22897
Other data
Locus	Chr. 10 p13
Structures
Search for
Structures	Swiss-model
Domains	InterPro

The mannose receptor is a C-type lectin carbohydrate binding protein. The function of this receptor is to recognize complex carbohydrates that are located on glycoproteins that are a part of many different biological processes. Some of those processes include cell-cell recognition, serum glycoprotein turnover, and neutralization of pathogens.^[1] The protein also functions as a type 1 membrane immune receptor that mediates the endocytosis of gycoproteins by macrophages.^[1] The structure of this proteins allows it to bind to high mannose structures on the surface of potentially pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi so that they can be engulfed by the cell.^[1]

Mannose receptors have been researched as a target for vaccines.^[2]

Types

Humans express two types of mannose receptors, each encoded by its own gene:

Gene	Protein	Aliases
MRC1	Macrophage mannose receptor 1	C-type mannose receptor 1, C-type lectin domain family 13 member D (CLEC13D), CD206, MMR
MRC2	Macrophage mannose receptor 2	C-type mannose receptor 2, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein, CD280

The MRC1 gene is in close proximity to MRC1L1 and has a gene loci that includes the gene, MRC1L1, as well as LOC340843 and LOC340893.^[1] The gene also consist of nearly two identical regions, some think that they are duplicated regions.^[1] Recombinant proteins produced in yeast may be subject to increased addition of mannose, in patterns different from those of a human cell.^[3] Dendritic cells of the immune system possess a mannose receptor that enables them to take up mannosylated proteins, and utilize fragments of them for antigen presentation.^[4]

Function

The macrophage mannose receptor also interacts with HIV proteins. These interactions affect the gp120 and its ability to bind to the B cells through MRC1 receptors and an increase production of matrix mannose receptors.^[1] The protein, Nef interacts with MRC1 by down regulating the receptors on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells. The tat protein represses the transcription of MRC1 promoters by down regulating the expression of MRC1.^[1] All of these proteins interact with MRC1 so that the virus can continue to spread and more research is being conducted trying to understand how stop these interactions from occurring.

More is going to be understood of this gene as more research is done looking at using it to fight tumor growth and HIV.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "MRC1 mannose receptor, C type 1 [Homo sapiens]". Entrez Gene. National Center for Biotechnology Information.
^ Keler T, Ramakrishna V, Fanger M (2004). "Mannose receptor-targeted vaccines". Expert Opin Biol Ther. 4 (12): 1953–62. doi:10.1517/14712598.4.12.1953. PMID 15571457.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Vlahopoulos S, Gritzapis AD, Perez SA, Cacoullos N, Papamichail M, Baxevanis CN (2009). "Mannose addition by yeast Pichia Pastoris on recombinant HER-2 protein inhibits recognition by the monoclonal antibody herceptin". Vaccine. 27 (34): 4704–8. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.063. PMID 19520203. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Shimizu K, Fujii S (2008). "An adjuvant role of in situ dendritic cells (DCs) in linking innate and adaptive immunity". Front. Biosci. 13: 6193–201. PMID 18508653.

External links

mannose+receptor at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
http://users.path.ox.ac.uk/~cholt/sgMMR.html

This biochemistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[EntrezGene-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "MRC1 mannose receptor, C type 1 [Homo sapiens]". Entrez Gene. National Center for Biotechnology Information.

[2] Keler T, Ramakrishna V, Fanger M (2004). "Mannose receptor-targeted vaccines". Expert Opin Biol Ther. 4 (12): 1953–62. doi:10.1517/14712598.4.12.1953. PMID 15571457.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Vlahopoulos S, Gritzapis AD, Perez SA, Cacoullos N, Papamichail M, Baxevanis CN (2009). "Mannose addition by yeast Pichia Pastoris on recombinant HER-2 protein inhibits recognition by the monoclonal antibody herceptin". Vaccine. 27 (34): 4704–8. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.05.063. PMID 19520203. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Shimizu K, Fujii S (2008). "An adjuvant role of in situ dendritic cells (DCs) in linking innate and adaptive immunity". Front. Biosci. 13: 6193–201. PMID 18508653.

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v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1–50	CD1 a-c 1A 1B 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50
51–100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100
101–150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150
151–200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200
201–250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249
251–300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299
301–350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD327 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

Types

Function

See also

References

External links