GPR3

GPR3
Identifiers
Aliases	GPR3, ACCA, G protein-coupled receptor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 600241; MGI: 101908; HomoloGene: 31303; GeneCards: GPR3; OMA:GPR3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	27,395,814 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (mouse)
End	132,939,847 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; prefrontal cortex; ; cingulate gyrus; ; islet of Langerhans; ; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; hypothalamus; ; anterior pituitary; ; Brodmann area 9; ; upper lobe of left lung;
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; facial motor nucleus; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; morula; ; anterior horn of spinal cord; ; cerebellar cortex; ; hippocampus proper; ; primary motor cortex; ; inferior colliculus; ; blastocyst;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; protein binding; signal transducer activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane; intracellular anatomical structure;
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; regulation of meiotic nuclear division; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction; positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2827
	14748
	ENSG00000181773
	ENSMUSG00000049649
	P46089
	P35413
	NM_005281
	NM_008154
	NP_005272
	NP_032180
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

G-protein coupled receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR3 gene.^[5]^[6] The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of transmembrane receptors and is involved in signal transduction.

Function

GPR3 activates adenylate cyclase in the absence of ligand.^[7] GPR3 is expressed in mammalian oocytes where it maintains meiotic arrest and is thought to be a communication link between oocytes and the surrounding somatic tissue.^[8] It has been proposed that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) are GPR3 ligands,^[9]^[10] however this result was not confirmed in a β-arrestin recruitment assay.^[11]

Mice lacking GPR3 were found to develop late-onset obesity owing to decreased UCP-1 expression in brown adipose tissue and reduced thermogenic capacity.^[12]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181773 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049649 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Marchese A, Docherty JM, Nguyen T, Heiber M, Cheng R, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Shi X, George SR, O'Dowd BF (Mar 1995). "Cloning of human genes encoding novel G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 23 (3): 609–18. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1549. PMID 7851889.
^ "Entrez Gene: GPR3 G protein-coupled receptor 3".
^ Eggerickx D, Denef JF, Labbe O, Hayashi Y, Refetoff S, Vassart G, Parmentier M, Libert F (August 1995). "Molecular cloning of an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that constitutively activates adenylate cyclase". Biochem. J. 309 (Pt 3): 837–43. doi:10.1042/bj3090837. PMC 1135708. PMID 7639700.
^ Mehlmann LM, Saeki Y, Tanaka S, Brennan TJ, Evsikov AV, Pendola FL, Knowles BB, Eppig JJ, Jaffe LA (December 2004). "The Gs-linked receptor GPR3 maintains meiotic arrest in mammalian oocytes". Science. 306 (5703): 1947–50. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1947M. doi:10.1126/science.1103974. PMID 15591206. S2CID 37342089.
^ Uhlenbrock K, Gassenhuber H, Kostenis E (November 2002). "Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a ligand of the human gpr3, gpr6 and gpr12 family of constitutively active G protein-coupled receptors". Cell. Signal. 14 (11): 941–53. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(02)00041-4. PMID 12220620.
^ Hinckley M, Vaccari S, Horner K, Chen R, Conti M (November 2005). "The G-protein-coupled receptors GPR3 and GPR12 are involved in cAMP signaling and maintenance of meiotic arrest in rodent oocytes". Dev. Biol. 287 (2): 249–61. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.08.019. PMID 16229830.
^ Yin H, Chu A, Li W, Wang B, Shelton F, Otero F, Nguyen DG, Caldwell JS, Chen YA (May 2009). "Lipid G Protein-coupled Receptor Ligand Identification Using β-Arrestin PathHunter™ Assay". J. Biol. Chem. 284 (18): 12328–38. doi:10.1074/jbc.M806516200. PMC 2673301. PMID 19286662.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Godlewski, Grzegorz; Jourdan, Tony; Szanda, Gergő; Tam, Joseph; Cinar, Resat; Harvey-White, Judith; Liu, Jie; Mukhopadhyay, Bani; Pacher, Pál; Ming Mo, Fong; Osei-Hyiaman, Douglas (2015-10-12). "Mice lacking GPR3 receptors display late-onset obese phenotype due to impaired thermogenic function in brown adipose tissue". Scientific Reports. 5: 14953. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514953G. doi:10.1038/srep14953. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4601089. PMID 26455425.

Eggerickx D, Denef JF, Labbe O, et al. (1995). "Molecular cloning of an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that constitutively activates adenylate cyclase". Biochem. J. 309 (Pt 3): 837–43. doi:10.1042/bj3090837. PMC 1135708. PMID 7639700.
Iismaa TP, Kiefer J, Liu ML, et al. (1995). "Isolation and chromosomal localization of a novel human G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR3) expressed predominantly in the central nervous system". Genomics. 24 (2): 391–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1635. PMID 7698767.
Heiber M, Docherty JM, Shah G, et al. (1995). "Isolation of three novel human genes encoding G protein-coupled receptors". DNA Cell Biol. 14 (1): 25–35. doi:10.1089/dna.1995.14.25. PMID 7832990.
Song ZH, Modi W, Bonner TI (1996). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of human genes encoding three closely related G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 28 (2): 347–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1154. PMID 8530049.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Uhlenbrock K, Huber J, Ardati A, et al. (2003). "Fluid shear stress differentially regulates gpr3, gpr6, and gpr12 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells". Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 13 (2): 75–84. doi:10.1159/000070251. PMID 12649592. S2CID 45156405.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature. 441 (7091): 315–21. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..315G. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181773 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049649 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7851889-5] Marchese A, Docherty JM, Nguyen T, Heiber M, Cheng R, Heng HH, Tsui LC, Shi X, George SR, O'Dowd BF (Mar 1995). "Cloning of human genes encoding novel G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 23 (3): 609–18. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1549. PMID 7851889.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: GPR3 G protein-coupled receptor 3".

[pmid7639700-7] Eggerickx D, Denef JF, Labbe O, Hayashi Y, Refetoff S, Vassart G, Parmentier M, Libert F (August 1995). "Molecular cloning of an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that constitutively activates adenylate cyclase". Biochem. J. 309 (Pt 3): 837–43. doi:10.1042/bj3090837. PMC 1135708. PMID 7639700.

[pmid15591206-8] Mehlmann LM, Saeki Y, Tanaka S, Brennan TJ, Evsikov AV, Pendola FL, Knowles BB, Eppig JJ, Jaffe LA (December 2004). "The Gs-linked receptor GPR3 maintains meiotic arrest in mammalian oocytes". Science. 306 (5703): 1947–50. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1947M. doi:10.1126/science.1103974. PMID 15591206. S2CID 37342089.

[pmid12220620-9] Uhlenbrock K, Gassenhuber H, Kostenis E (November 2002). "Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a ligand of the human gpr3, gpr6 and gpr12 family of constitutively active G protein-coupled receptors". Cell. Signal. 14 (11): 941–53. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(02)00041-4. PMID 12220620.

[pmid16229830-10] Hinckley M, Vaccari S, Horner K, Chen R, Conti M (November 2005). "The G-protein-coupled receptors GPR3 and GPR12 are involved in cAMP signaling and maintenance of meiotic arrest in rodent oocytes". Dev. Biol. 287 (2): 249–61. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.08.019. PMID 16229830.

[pmid19286662-11] Yin H, Chu A, Li W, Wang B, Shelton F, Otero F, Nguyen DG, Caldwell JS, Chen YA (May 2009). "Lipid G Protein-coupled Receptor Ligand Identification Using β-Arrestin PathHunter™ Assay". J. Biol. Chem. 284 (18): 12328–38. doi:10.1074/jbc.M806516200. PMC 2673301. PMID 19286662.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[12] Godlewski, Grzegorz; Jourdan, Tony; Szanda, Gergő; Tam, Joseph; Cinar, Resat; Harvey-White, Judith; Liu, Jie; Mukhopadhyay, Bani; Pacher, Pál; Ming Mo, Fong; Osei-Hyiaman, Douglas (2015-10-12). "Mice lacking GPR3 receptors display late-onset obese phenotype due to impaired thermogenic function in brown adipose tissue". Scientific Reports. 5: 14953. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514953G. doi:10.1038/srep14953. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4601089. PMID 26455425.

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Function

References

Further reading