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Delta Air Lines

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Delta Air Lines
IATA ICAO Call sign
DL DAL DELTA
Founded1924 (1924)
(as Huff Daland Dusters)
Macon, Georgia, US[1]
Commenced operationsJune 17, 1929 (1929-06-17)[2]
AOC #DALA026A[3]
Hubs
Frequent-flyer programSkyMiles[5]
AllianceSkyTeam[5]
Subsidiaries
Subsidiary List[6][7]
  • Aero Assurance Ltd.
  • Cardinal Insurance Company (Cayman) Ltd.
  • Comair, Inc.
  • Comair Holdings, LLC
  • Comair Services, Inc.
  • Crown Rooms, Inc.
  • DAL Global Services, LLC
  • DAL Moscow, Inc.
  • Delta Air Lines, Inc. and Pan American World Airways,Inc.—Unterstutzungskasse GMBH
  • Delta Air Lines Dublin Limited
  • Delta Air Lines Private Limited
  • Delta Benefits Management, Inc.
  • Delta Loyalty Management Services, LLC
  • Delta Private Jets, Inc.
  • Epsilon Trading, LLC
  • Kappa Capital Management, LLC
  • MLT Inc.
  • Montana Enterprises, Inc.
  • New Sky, Ltd.
  • Northwest Aerospace Training Corporation
  • Regional Elite Airline Serices, LLC
  • Segrave Aviation, Inc.
  • Tomisato Shoji Kabushiki Kaisha
Fleet size714[8](mainline only)
Destinations247[9] (mainline only)
HeadquartersAtlanta, Georgia, USA
Key peopleRichard H. Anderson (CEO)
Edward Bastian (President)
RevenueIncrease $35.1 billion (FY 2011) [10]
Operating incomeDecrease $ 1.9 billion (FY 2011)[10]
Net incomeIncrease $ 854 million (FY 2011)[10]
Total assetsIncrease $ 43.4 billion (FY 2011)[10]
Total equityDecrease $ -1.3 billion (FY 2011)[10]
Employees78,400 (December 2011)[10]
Websitewww.delta.com

Delta Air Lines, Inc. (NYSE: DAL), operating as Delta Air Lines is a United States airline headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, in the United States.[11] The airline operates an extensive domestic and international network serving all continents except Antarctica. Delta Air Lines and its subsidiaries, with approximately 75,000 employees, operate over 5,000 flights every day.[12] The airline's hub at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic (88 million passengers per year) and number of landings and take-offs. Delta is the sixth-oldest operating airline by foundation date, and the oldest airline still operating in the United States. Delta Air Lines is one of the four founding members of the SkyTeam airline alliance,[12] the other three being Korean Air, Air France, and Aeroméxico. The loyalty program for Delta Air Lines is SkyMiles. Delta Air Lines is the world's largest airline in terms of fleet size, revenue passenger-kilometers flown and scheduled passenger traffic.

History

Main article: History of Delta Air Lines
Delta Air Lines Lockheed TriStar at Manchester Airport in 1994
Delta Boeing 747-100 at Heathrow Airport in 1973.

Formed with a Huff-Daland Duster, the first true crop duster, the plane was deployed to combat the boll weevil in 1925 and was nicknamed "The Puffer" due to the clouds of white pesticides it emitted. Delta Air Corporation owned the plane (now in the Southern Museum of Flight), eventually ferrying single passengers from one Southeastern state to another (a chair for the passenger was placed in the bin where the pesticide was usually kept). Delta Airlines was born as Huff Daland Dusters, Incorporated, an aerial crop dusting operation on May 30, 1924, in Macon, Georgia. The company moved to Monroe in Ouachita Parish in northeastern Louisiana, in 1925, and began carrying passengers in late 1929. Collett E. Woolman purchased the company on September 13, 1928, and renamed it Delta Air Service, with headquarters in Monroe.[13]

Clarence E. Faulk, Sr., the publisher of the Monroe News Star was a founder and the president of Delta Air Lines from 1934 to 1945. He was chairman of the Delta board from 1948 until his death in 1951. One of his sons, William McClendon Faulk, was a Delta pilot; another, Clarence Faulk, a publisher and broadcaster, in Ruston, Louisiana.[14]

Delta grew through the addition of routes and the acquisition of other airlines. It replaced propeller planes with jets in the 1960s and entered international competition to Europe in the 1970s and across the Pacific in the 1980s. The company logo of Delta Air Lines, reminiscent of the swept-wing design of the DC-8 airplanes, consists of two 3D triangles.[15] On October 29, 2008, Delta acquired Northwest Airlines.

Operations

  • Delta Air Lines, the mainline component of Delta Air Lines, Inc., – serves short to medium haul domestic flights and long-haul international services.
  • Comair – a regional component of Delta Air Lines, Inc., – serves domestic and regional short haul flights.

Former subsidiaries

Defunct airline brands owned by Delta

Delta Express Boeing 737 (2001) The livery is similar to that used by mainline aircraft from 1997 to 2000.
  • Northeast Airlines was acquired in August 1972.[13][22]
  • Northwest Airlines was acquired on October 29, 2008, to form the world's largest airline. After approval of the merger, Northwest continued to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary of Delta until December 31, 2009, when both carriers' operating certificates were merged (the Delta certificate survived).[23] Delta completed the acquisition of Northwest on January 31, 2010, when their reservation systems/websites were combined, officially retiring the Northwest Airlines name and brand.[24]
  • Song began service on April 15, 2003 as a single-class airline operated by Delta to compete directly with JetBlue Airways from both airlines' hub at New York-JFK. While the brand was considered a successful addition to the Northeast-to-Florida market, financially the airline suffered.[25] On May 1, 2006, Song was folded into the Delta mainline brand. Song used Boeing 757 aircraft.
  • Western Airlines was acquired on December 16, 1986 and was operated as a separate airline by Delta for over three months.[26] In a case by a union to stop the workforce integration, the U.S. Supreme Court wrote "On December 16, 1986, shareholder approval of the merger was confirmed and Western Airlines became a wholly owned subsidiary of Delta."[27] The changeover date for discontinuation of the Western Airlines brand and the date for merger of the two airlines' workforce was April 1, 1987; Delta then retired the Western Airlines name. Western's former Salt Lake City hub has become a major Delta hub, and Delta uses Los Angeles International Airport as a major gateway to Mexico's many vacation destinations, Hawaii, and Australia.

Headquarters and offices

Delta Air Lines headquarters in Atlanta

Delta's corporate headquarters is housed in a corporate campus on the northern boundary of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, within the city limits of Atlanta.[28][29][30] This location has served as Delta's headquarters since 1941, when the company relocated its corporate offices from Monroe, Louisiana to Atlanta.[31][32] In addition to hosting Delta's corporate headquarters, Hartsfield-Jackson is also the site of Delta's Technical Operations Center, which is the airline's primary fleet maintenance, repair, and overhaul facility.

Delta maintains a large presence in the Twin Cities, with over 12,000 employees[33] in the region as well as significant corporate support functions housed in the Minneapolis area, including the headquarters of Mesaba Airlines and the company's information technology divisional offices.[34]

Branding

Delta's current livery, "Upward & Onward", uses four colors. It features a widget (triangle) on each aircraft's vertical stabilizer, to refer to Delta's origins as a carrier in the Mississippi Delta.[35]

The previous livery, "Colors in Motion", used eight colors. Delta introduced its current branding in 2007, after it emerged from bankruptcy. The switch from the previous livery to the current livery removed one day from each aircraft's painting cycle, allowing the airline to save money. The airline took four years to repaint all of its aircraft into the current scheme, including aircraft inherited from Northwest Airlines. The triangle logo (known internally as "the Widget"), was introduced in 1959. It was not part of the "Colors in Motion" livery, but returned with the current livery.[35]

Hub information

Current hubs

The "Fly Delta Air Lines" marker at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport emphasizes the presence of the airline

Delta operates seven domestic hubs (with an eighth opening July 11, 2012) and three international hubs.[5]

Although not considered hubs, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago-O'Hare, Grand Rapids, Hartford, Indianapolis, Los Angeles, Miami, Orlando, Raleigh-Durham, Seattle, Tampa, and Washington-Reagan have large Delta operations. Delta is ending all flights from Washington-Reagan to non-hub cities (with the exception of Lexington. Kentucky) on July 10, 2012 as a result of the slot swap agreement with US Airways.

Delta Air Lines 747-400 at Tokyo Narita International Airport

Former hubs

  • Chicago O'Hare International Airport – Delta, until the early 1990s, operated a small hub at Chicago. It served thirteen non-stop destinations from its new Delta Flight Center, which opened in the summer of 1984. During this time Delta also maintained a flight attendant base in Chicago.
  • Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport – Delta at one time operated over 200 flights a day from DFW. At times, it was Delta's third largest hub behind Atlanta and Cincinnati respectively. Delta closed the hub in February 2005.
  • Frankfurt Airport – Delta acquired its Frankfurt hub from Pan Am, who sold the remainder of its Atlantic Division to Delta upon bankruptcy, including the Worldport
  • Los Angeles International Airport – Delta dismantled its Western Airlines inherited LAX hub in the mid 1990s when it decided to relocate most of those aircraft to the US East Coast. Since that point, it has operated a focus city with a varying portfolio of destinations, of which the hallmark has been flying to Mexico, Florida, and Hawaii. Today, Delta combined maintain an 11% passenger market share with flights to Hawaii, Mexico, Japan, Brazil, Guatemala, and some of Delta's large domestic bases throughout the United States. LAX also remains Delta's sole gateway to Australia.
  • Orlando International Airport – Delta built up an Orlando hub shortly after the demise of Eastern Air Lines in the early 1990s, and subsequently became the "Official Airline of Walt Disney World". The airport then became the hub for Delta Express and Song, before Delta pulled back mainline presence in the mid-2000s. Orlando then became a hub for Delta Connection carriers, with a focus on regional jet point-to-point operations in the southeast. Comair and Chautauqua Airlines closed their Orlando hub operations in 2008. Orlando today is served by Delta Connection carriers: ExpressJet and Comair with nonstop flights to Miami, Grand Rapids, and Raleigh/Durham, as well as mainline service to Atlanta, Boston, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Detroit, Los Angeles, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia, and Salt Lake City. Mainline service to Hartford/Springfield and Washington-National as well as Delta Connection service to Washington-National have been terminated.

Former secondary hubs

Delta has closed two secondary hubs due to changing business needs.

  • Memphis International Airport – MEM was a mini-hub in conjunction with regional carrier ASA. This operation ended in the mid-1980s when competition became too stiff with Republic Airlines and ASA shifted its aircraft to Delta's Dallas hub. Delta once again regained its hub status here after its merger with Northwest.
  • Portland International Airport – Portland, Oregon (PDX) was at one time Delta's main Asian gateway. It was closed in 2001. Northwest Airlines resumed the sole Asian flight from Portland to Tokyo in 2004; the flight is still in operation today under the Delta brand. Delta currently uses Detroit, Michigan (DTW) and Seattle, Washington (SEA) as its main Asian gateways as a result of its merger with Northwest.

Personnel

Logo of Delta Air Lines from March 2000 to July 2004[39] – Based on Soft Widget

Between its mainline operation and subsidiaries, Delta employs approximately 80,000 people.[12]

Delta's approximately 12,400 pilots are represented by the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA). The union has represented Delta pilots since 1940.[citation needed] Pilot domiciles are located in Atlanta, Minneapolis, Detroit, Seattle, Memphis, Cincinnati, Los Angeles, New York City, and Salt Lake City.

The company's approximately 180 flight dispatchers are represented by the Professional Airline Flight Control Association (PAFCA).

Aside from the pilots and flight dispatchers, all other Delta Air Lines employees, in contrast to other legacy and mainline air carriers, are nonunion, which now includes the former Northwest Airlines unions, after a vote for unionization which involved former Northwest employees was rejected in early 2009 by 52.5 percent of those voting. The only other American mainline air carrier with a large percentage of its employees being nonunion is JetBlue Airways, which is entirely nonunion.

On March 18, 2008, Delta announced that it was offering voluntary severance payouts for up to 30,000 employees (though the target headcount reduction is significantly less than that), and that it would cut domestic capacity by 5%.[40]

Employee relations

Delta's historic approach to employee and labor relations involved an implicit commitment to high wages, lifetime employment and a ‘family’ culture.[41] The intention was to substitute union representation and induce high levels of service and commitment from its employees. This approach discouraged employees from unionizing with the exception of pilots and dispatchers. For many years it has helped Delta maintain a reputation for delivering high-quality service.[42]

Destinations

Further information: Delta Air Lines destinations and Delta Connection destinations
Delta Air Lines destinations

Delta operates 4,932 flights per day. Delta Connection has 2,533 daily flights. Delta, Delta Connection, and other flights from the SkyTeam partners have 13,000 daily flights.[12]

Delta Air Lines, along with British Airways, Emirates, Korean Air, Qantas, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines, South African Airways, and United Airlines, is one of the few airlines that fly to all six inhabited continents.

Top served cities

As of July 2012.[12]

A Boeing 767-300ER at Beijing Capital Airport. (2011)
An Airbus A330-300 painted in new Delta livery
Airport Number of Daily Departures
Atlanta (ATL) 1033
Detroit (DTW) 550
Minneapolis-St. Paul (MSP) 473
Salt Lake City (SLC) 275
New York City (LGA) 268
New York City (JFK) 181
Memphis (MEM) 147
Cincinnati/N. Kentucky (CVG) 125

Codeshare agreements

In addition to SkyTeam partners, Delta Air Lines also has codeshare agreements with the following airlines as of September 2011:[43][citation needed]

Air France-KLM and Alitalia joint venture

Inherited from the Northwest-KLM relationship (which is older than any of the three major airline alliances including SkyTeam itself), Delta has a transatlantic joint venture with Air France-KLM and Alitalia. The program covers coordinated transatlantic operations in terms of ticket pricing, schedules, capacity, and revenue.[46] On January 27, 2012, the European Commission launched an investigation into the impact of the joint venture on competition on the routes that it covers.[46]

Fleet

Delta Air Lines has the largest Boeing 757 fleet of any airline
Main article: Delta Air Lines fleet

As of January 2011 Delta operates a fleet of more than 700 aircraft manufactured by Airbus, Boeing and McDonnell Douglas.[5] The carrier operates the largest fleets of Boeing 757, Boeing 767 and Airbus A330 aircraft of any US airline. Delta operates the largest fleet of MD88 and MD90 aircraft in the world, and was one of the last major airlines to operate the original Boeing 737–200 models, which were retired in 2006. Prior to its 2008 merger with Northwest Airlines, Delta's fleet was made up of Boeing and McDonnell Douglas aircraft; Northwest's Airbus aircraft joined the fleet after the merger. As of April 14, 2011, all of Delta's mainline aircraft have been painted in the carrier's latest livery.[47]

As of December 31, 2010, the average age of the Delta fleet was 15.1 years excluding grounded aircraft and those operated by contract carriers. The oldest aircraft in the fleet are the McDonnell Douglas DC-9-50s with an average age of 33 years and the McDonnell Douglas MD-88s with an average age of 20.7 years.[48] To replace the DC-9s, MD-88s, and older A320 and 757-200 aircraft in their fleet, Delta began discussing narrowbody replacement plans with manufacturers such as Airbus, Boeing and Bombardier in early 2011.[49] On August 22, 2011, it was announced that Delta has placed an order for 100 Boeing 737-900ER aircraft[50] and deferred an order of 100 small narrow-body jets until 2012.[51]

On May 22, 2012, Delta announced an agreement with Southwest Airlines to lease the entire 88-plane Boeing 717 fleet that it inherited from its acquisition of AirTran Airways.[52] as a replacement for the remaining DC-9s and some of the MD-80s. Deliveries should begin in mid-2013.

Cabin

BusinessElite

BusinessElite cabin on a Delta Boeing 777-200LR

BusinessElite is Delta's international business class, available on the Airbus 330, Boeing 747, Boeing 767-300ER, Boeing 767-400ER, Boeing 777, and selected Boeing 757-200 aircraft. Passengers in the BusinessElite cabin receive free meals, refreshments, alcohol and an amenity kit. BusinessElite is also available on domestic transcontinental service between New York City and Los Angeles.

BusinessElite seats (B/E Aerospace Millennium recliners) on Delta's 767-300ER fleet have 60 inches (1,500 mm) of pitch, 160 degrees of recline, and 18.5 inches of width. All seats are equipped with a personal, on demand In-Flight-Entertainment (IFE) system, universal power-ports, a moveable reading light, and a folding work table. On the ex-TWA/AA ETOPS 757s, a similar model of BusinessElite seat was introduced in 2008. These seats are off-the-shelf Recaro CL 4420 seats and feature a built-in massage feature, 55 inches of pitch and are 20 inches (510 mm) wide.

Delta Air Lines 767-300ER BusinessElite cabin

BusinessElite seats (made by B/E Aerospace) on the Airbus 330 and Boeing 747 fleet feature 60 inches (1,500 mm) to 61 inches (150 cm) pitch, 178 degrees of recline, and either 20.5 inches of width. These seats are being progressively phased out in favour of a completely new model of flat-bed sleeper suite, the Cirrus from Weber.[53][54]

BusinessElite seats on the Boeing 767-400ER, as well as selected Boeing 767-300ER[55] These sleeper suites (Vantage) use a space-saving design, with the bottom ends of the seats extending under the armrests of the suites in front when in the full horizontal flat bed position. This allows for minimal reduction in capacity compared to most other sleeper suite products, particularly with the 767's narrower fuselage. All Boeing 767-300ER aircraft are expected to be fitted with this seat by 2013.

BusinessElite seats on Boeing 777 aircraft feature full-flat sleeper suites made by Contour Aerospace Limited.

Domestic First Class

First Class on Delta Boeing 767-300

First Class is offered on all domestic aircraft, as well as Delta Connection aircraft above 50 seats. Seats range from 18.5–20.75 inches wide, and have between 37–40 inches of pitch. Passengers aboard this class receive free snacks, drinks, and alcohol, with full meal service on flights 900 miles and longer. Boeing 737-800, MD-88, MD-90, transcontinental 757-200, and domestic 767-300 aircraft feature power-ports at each seat.

When a domestically configured aircraft operates on an international route, such as those to the Caribbean, the first class cabin is branded as Business Class.

Economy Comfort Class

Economy Comfort seats are being progressively installed on all Delta aircraft, as well as all two-cabin Delta Connection aircraft.[56] Economy Comfort seats have 38 inches (970 mm) of pitch, 50 percent more recline over standard economy seats, and are distinguished by a gray headrest with embroidered 'Economy Comfort' branding and red seat row placard. Additional amenities include priority boarding in Zone 1, complimentary spirits and HBO programming. Customers can upgrade from standard economy class seats for $80–$160 USD one-way and various elite levels of SkyMiles members can access the seats with discounted pricing or complimentary upgrades. The product more closely aligns Delta's offerings with its Transatlantic joint venture partners; KLM also offers an Economy Comfort section of its Economy cabin.

Economy Class

Delta Air Lines 767-400ER economy cabin with AVOD, with adjustable headrests visible

Economy Class is available on all Delta and Delta Connection aircraft. Seats range from 17 to 18 inches (460 mm) wide, and have between 30 and 33 inches (840 mm) of pitch. The economy seats on Boeing 777 and selected Boeing 757-200 aircraft are Weber 5751 slimline which have a high pivot point recline system where the seat bottom moves forward in addition to the seat back tilting backwards when reclining. This seat is also being progressively installed on the Boeing 767-300ER and Boeing 747 aircraft[57][58] A new model of slimline seat (B/E Aerospace Pinnacle) is planned for the A330 and 737-900ER fleet. Boeing 737 and domestic Boeing 767-300 aircraft feature the Weber 5751 without moveable headrests, this seat is also being rolled out on MD-90 aircraft.

Economy class passengers receive complimentary drinks and snacks domestically, and complimentary meals are provided on long-haul flights. As part of Delta's EATS buy on board program, food is available for purchase on all domestic flights 1,500 miles (2,400 km) or more (some flights to Hawaii and Alaska continue to receive complimentary meal service).[59] Alcoholic beverages are available for purchase.

Delta operated a previous buy on board starting in 2003 and ending by 2005.[60][61] The previous program had items from differing providers, depending on the origin and destination of the flight. Items on flights to and from Atlanta had items from the Atlanta Bread Company, while flights from other cities had food from Gate Gourmet.[62][63]

On-board amenities

Wi-Fi

On August 5, 2008, Delta announced it would be installing the Aircell mobile broadband network, Gogo, which enables customers traveling with Wi-Fi enabled devices, such as laptops, smartphones and PDAs, to access the Internet for a fee. Gogo was initially offered on Delta's fleet of McDonnell Douglas MD-88 and MD-90 aircraft but has expanded to the remaining domestic fleet, as well as Delta Connection aircraft with a first class cabin.[64][65] Delta has the largest fleet of Wi-Fi-equipped aircraft in the world.[66] The airline announced that it will offer Wi-Fi on international flights beginning early 2013.[67]

In-Flight Entertainment

The interior of a Delta Air Lines Boeing 737–800 with in-flight entertainment and slimline seats

In the 1960s audio programming was introduced where passengers wore headphones consisting of hollow tubes piping in music. These were installed in some Delta aircraft. Some early wide-bodied aircraft, including the L-1011 fleet, had films projected on to the cabin bulkhead, which was replaced by CRT-based projectors in the early 1990s. Also during the same time period, CRT monitors over the aisles were added to the 757 fleet. The MD-90 introduced Delta's first IFE system with LCD monitors in 1995, and the 777 introduced Delta's first in-seat video system in 1999, initially using the Rockwell Collins Total Entertainment System. Delta's first all-digital IFE system with AVOD (Panasonic eFX) was first introduced in 2003 on Delta's former low-cost subsidiary, Song. The Rockwell Collins IFE system on the 777s was replaced by the Panasonic eFX system in 2007. The Panasonic eFX system is trademarked by Delta as Delta on Demand.[68]

Audio and video are available on all aircraft except for the Airbus 320, McDonnell Douglas, selected Boeing 757, and Delta Connection aircraft. BusinessElite cabins on the internationally configured Boeing 767-300ERs, Boeing 767-400ER and the Boeing 777-200ER use the all-digital Panasonic eFX AVOD system. Domestic Boeing 767–300s, Boeing 737–700s, as well as selected transcontinental Boeing 757–200s and selected Boeing 737–800s using the Panasonic eFX system, also feature live television via Dish Network in both first class and economy. Boeing 777-200LR aircraft feature the Panasonic eX2 system (which has a greater storage capacity over the eFX), as well as larger personal video screens.[69] The Airbus 330 and Boeing 747 aircraft feature the Panasonic 3000i AVOD system in BusinessElite.[70]

In economy class, Panasonic eFX system (without the satellite TV product) is also found on the 777-200ER, 767-400ER, and selected 767-300ER aircraft. Airbus 330 aircraft feature the Panasonic 3000i AVOD system. The 767-400ER fleet initially featured LCDs over the aisles, but were replaced in 2009 by the Panasonic eFX AVOD system when the last of the 767-400ERs were converted from domestic to international use. CRT projectors were originally featured in economy class on Boeing 767–300s, with the international 767-300ERs also featuring ceiling-mounted CRT displays over the aisles, which have since replaced by LCD monitors. Some Boeing 737-800's, as well as all Boeing 757–300s feature systems with drop-down LCD displays below the overhead bins.[71]

File:757-200 Pantallas Tactiles Delta.jpg
Delta Air Lines 757-200 economy cabin with AVOD

When Delta's ex-TWA ETOPS 757s were first delivered, they featured a system made by Sony Transcom (a former subsidiary of Sony now sold to Rockwell Collins) system that was factory installed for TWA. The system featured overhead drop-down LCD monitors similar to Delta's non-Transcon 737-800s and 757-300s. Delta replaced the Sony Transcom system with the Panasonic eFX system featuring in-seat video and AVOD at the same time as the new BusinessElite seats and slimline economy class seats were installed.[72]

In the spring of 2010, Delta installed the Panasonic eFX AVOD system in Economy on six 767-300ERs that are used on routes that are 12 hours or longer.[57] Delta also announced it will be installing AVOD in Economy class on 52 767-300ER and all Boeing 747 aircraft over the next 3 years.[73]

On July 27, 2010, it was announced that Delta would be the launch customer of the new eX2 AVOD system with the Eco 9i Integrated Smart Monitor, a new ultra-lightweight IFE system by Panasonic Avionics Corporation and Weber Aircraft LLC.[74] Currently, there are plans to install the systems on the 747-400, 767-300ER, and MD-90 fleets.[75] A different version of the Integrated Smart Monitor developed by Panasonic Avionics Corporation and BE Aerospace will be installed on the Airbus A330 and new Boeing 737-900ER fleet.

Delta plans on replacing the overhead CRT monitors on the pre-merger 757-200 fleet with new LCD monitors.[76]

Delta Sky Magazine

Delta Sky Magazine, and its online edition at www.deltaskymag.com, are published by MSP Communications in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Frequent flyer program

SkyMiles logo.
Main article: SkyMiles

SkyMiles is the frequent flyer program of Delta Air Lines.

Sky Clubs

Delta Sky Club Logo

Delta Air Lines' airport lounges are called Sky Clubs. Membership options include one-day, 30-day, annual, and three-year memberships and can be purchased with either money or SkyMiles

Membership benefits vary by location, but generally include free drinks (including alcoholic beverages), snacks and reading material. Wi-Fi is free for members and guests and is mostly provided by T-Mobile. Other benefits for Sky Club members include reciprocal lounge access with other SkyTeam members and Delta's other partners. Delta Air Lines installed putting greens at select Sky Clubs.

Originally, Delta's membership-based airport clubs were called Crown Room lounges, with Northwest's equivalent being WorldClubs.

SkyBonus

Delta SkyBonus Logo

On November 27, 2001, Delta Air Lines launched SkyBonus,[77] aimed toward small-to-medium businesses spending between $5,000 and $500,000 annually on air travel.[78] Businesses can earn points toward free travel and upgrades, as well as Sky Club memberships and SkyMiles Silver Medallion status. Points are earned on paid travel based on a variety of fare amount paid, booking code, and place origin or destination.[79] While enrolled businesses are able to earn points toward free travel, the travelling passenger is still eligible to earn SkyMiles during their travel.[citation needed]

In early 2010, Delta Air Lines merged their SkyBonus program into Northwest's similar Biz Perks program.

Advertising

Slogans

Delta has had many slogans throughout its history:

  • 1929: Speed, Comfort and Safety
  • 1940: Airline of the South
  • 1961: The Air Line with the Big Jets
  • In 1966, with the introduction of the first Series 61 DC-8, Delta adopted the slogan "Fly big to Florida... Fly Delta!". Bob Hope, known in ads as Bob "Super DC-8" Hope, was Delta's spokesperson at the time.
  • 1968: Delta is ready when you are"[80]
  • 1972: Fly the best with Delta
  • 1974: Delta Is My Airline
  • 1976: Celebrate the Bicentennial with Delta
  • 1980: Delta is the Best
  • 1983: That's The Delta Spirit
  • 1984: Delta gets you there with care
  • 1986: The Official Airline of Walt Disney World
  • 1987: The Best Get Better, reflective of the airline's merger with Western Airlines
  • 1987: We Love To Fly, And It Shows
  • 1989: The Official Airline of Disneyland and Walt Disney World[81]
  • 1991: Delta is your choice for flying
  • 1994: You'll love the way we fly
  • 1996: On top of the world. This slogan was launched at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, for which Delta was the official airline
  • 2000: "Fly___", in which the blank was filled in according to the context of the slogan's usage. For example, on the airline's cocktail napkins, the slogan was "Fly 'refreshed'". For luggage tags, the slogan read "Fly 'for business'" or "Fly 'me home'".
  • Immediately after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Delta adopted the slogan, "Delta remembers America".
  • In 2004, Delta adopted a marketing scheme using "Secret Places – ___", in which the blank was filled in according to the picture being used in the advertisement (and coinciding with a major Delta destination). Several examples of this marketing remain in place on jetways and in gate waiting areas in Atlanta, Cincinnati, and New York-JFK.
  • 2005: Good Goes Around"[82]
  • 2007: Delta Air Lines exited bankruptcy. To highlight changes, the airline chose "Change Is:__________" (in which the blank was filled according to the context of the slogan's usage) as its slogan. Other advertisements used the tagline "Change Is: Delta" in a play on the use of the Greek letter delta to denote the difference operator in mathematics.
  • In and around Atlanta there are advertisements promoting Delta as the "Official Airline of the Braves Unofficial Airline of the World". Also "Make Every Game a Home Game" is used.
  • After the merger with Northwest, both airlines adopted "One Great Airline" and "Together In Style".
  • 2010: "Keep Climbing" campaign is launched in NYC in select media outlets and onboard Delta aircraft. Donald Sutherland is the 'voice' of Delta in the television ads.

Environmental initiatives

Fleet

Delta Air Lines was presented an award by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Design for the Environment (DfE) program for the airline's use of PreKote, an environmentally friendly, non-hexavalent chromium surface pretreatment on its aircraft. PreKote Surface Pretreatment is a Pantheon Chemical product and replaces hazardous chemicals traditionally used to improve paint adhesion and prevent corrosion. In addition, PreKote reduces water usage by two-thirds, significantly reduces wastewater treatment and cuts process time.

The environmentally friendly product is also improving Delta's bottom-line by putting aircraft back in the air sooner. With time improvement of eight to 10 percent, Delta estimates it will save more than $1 million annually by reducing the overall turn time for painting aircraft.[83]

Recycling

Delta started the industry's first comprehensive in-flight recycling program on June 1, 2007.[84] The initial program involved all domestic in-bound flights to its Atlanta hub, and has since expanded to domestic in-bound flights arriving at Albuquerque, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago-O'Hare, Cleveland, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Indianapolis, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York-LaGuardia, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa, and Washington-Reagan, as well as its hubs at Cincinnati, Detroit Metro, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK and Salt Lake City. Federal regulations require the incineration of international waste.[citation needed]

As of April 22, 2010[85] the program has recycled 3.7 million pounds newspaper, magazines, cardboard, plastic cups, plastic bottles and aluminum cans. This equates to:

  • Recycled volume of paper equivalent to 2,413 cubic yards of landfill space
  • Recycled enough mixed plastic to "save" 605 barrels (96.2 m3) of oil
  • Recycled roughly 40 million individual aluminum cans
  • Raised enough funds to build one Habitat for Humanity Home in Atlanta and a second in Cincinnati, with a third home being planned for 2010.

Delta has also had a carpet recycling program since the fall of 2007 that has diverted 221,000 pounds of worn aircraft carpet from Atlanta area landfills through their partnership with Mohawk Aviation Carpet and Mohawk ReCover program. This equates to 70,899 square yards – the equivalent of 15 acres (61,000 m2) of land or the approximate length of 12 American football fields.

Additionally, Delta has an Employee Recycling Center, which was designed to bring recycling opportunity to Atlanta based employees without access to curbside recycling. The facility also manages recyclables generated within the world headquarters itself. The program has diverted 1.6 million pounds of office paper, cardboard, paperboard, plastic bottles/jugs, aluminum cans and tin cans from local landfills. Since the program started in October 2007, it has:

  • Earned net proceeds of $10,000 donated to Delta's Employee & Retiree Care Fund – a program which aids Delta families in times of crisis
  • Recycled volume of paper equivalent to 2,175 cubic yards of landfill space
  • Recycled enough mixed plastic to "save" 94 barrels (14.9 m3) of oil

Sponsorships and awards

Delta Boeing 767-400ER painted in pink livery for Breast Cancer Research Foundation

Deltalina

Main article: Deltalina

As part of the rebranding project a safety video featuring a flight attendant premiered on YouTube in early 2008 garnering over 1 million views and the attention of news outlets, specifically for the video's camp and cheeky tone mixed with the serious safety message. The flight attendant, Katherine Lee, was dubbed "Deltalina" by a member of the FlyerTalk internet bulletin board for her resemblance to Angelina Jolie.[96][97][98][99] Delta had considered several styles for its current safety video, including animation, before opting for a video presenting a flight attendant speaking to the audience. The video was filmed on a Boeing 757.[100]

The Ellen DeGeneres Show

In a special edition of The Ellen DeGeneres Show in 2007, Ellen filmed a unique segment called "Ellen on a Plane" entirely on board a Boeing 767, showcasing the new Delta Air Lines. Deltalina helped give the safety announcement.[101]

Online resources

There are several news sources about Delta Air Lines:

Incidents and accidents

The following are major incidents and accidents that occurred on Delta Air Lines mainline aircraft. For Northwest Airlines incidents, see Northwest Airlines Incidents and Accidents. For Delta Connection incidents, see Delta Connection incidents and accidents.

Delta Air Lines Reported Incidents
Flight Date Aircraft Location Description Casualties
Fatal Serious Minor Uninjured Ground
N/A[102] April 22, 1947 DC-3 Columbus, Georgia A Vultee BT-13, owned by the Tuskegee Aviation Institute landed on top of the DC-3, which was flying from Macon to Columbus. 8 0 0 0 1
705[103] March 10, 1948 DC-4 Chicago Midway Airport Crashed near Chicago Municipal (Midway) Airport shortly after takeoff while en route to Miami. Officials determined that longitudinal control of the airplane was lost resulting in the crash. The cause for the loss of control remains undetermined. 12 1 0 0 0
318[104] May 17, 1953 DC-3 Marshall, Texas Crashed 13 miles (21 km) east of Marshall, Texas. The flight which originated from Dallas Love Field was on approach to Shreveport, Louisiana. The crash was attributed to adverse weather conditions with a thunderstorm in the area. 19 1 0 0 1
1903 May 23, 1960 Convair 880 Atlanta Crashed during a training exercise in Atlanta. The aircraft stalled and crashed killing all four crew members. 4 0 0 0 0
9877[105] March 30, 1967 DC-8 New Orleans Crashed during a training exercise near New Orleans International Airport. The improper use of flight and power controls by both instructor and the Captain-trainee during a simulated two-engine out landing approach, resulted in the loss of control. The aircraft crashed into a residential area, destroying several homes and a motel complex, killing 13 civilians. 6 0 0 0 13
9570[106] May 30, 1972 DC-9 Greater Southwest International Airport Crashed during landing procedures in Fort Worth, Texas. The probable cause of the accident was wake turbulence resulting from a touch-and-go landing moments before of American Airlines Flight 1114, operated using a DC-10. The right wing hit the ground causing a fire resulting in the aircraft being written off. 4 0 0 0 0
954[107] December 20, 1972 Convair 880 Chicago O'Hare Int'l Airport The Delta CV-880 taxied across runway 27L in heavy fog. At the same time, North Central Airlines Flight 575, a DC-9-31, took off from the same runway. The aircraft collided. 10 0 17 (severity unknown) 101 0
723 July 31, 1973 DC-9 Boston Logan International Airport Crashed in seawall. Contributing to the accident was a defective flight deck instrument giving the crew misleading guidance during the instrument approach in visibility less than a half mile with 500-foot (150 m) cloud ceilings. 89 occupants died including Leopold Chouinard,[108] died from burns months after the accident, leaving no survivors .[109] 89 0 0 0 0
516[110] November 27, 1973 DC-9 Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport Crashed into approach lights during a thunderstorm 0 4 75 0 0
191 August 2, 1985 Lockheed L-1011 Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport On a Fort Lauderdale–Dallas/Fort Worth- Los Angeles route, the plane crashed due to severe microburst-induced wind shear. One civilian was killed as the plane crossed a highway. The crash would later become the subject of a television movie. Numerous changes to pilot wind shear training, weather forecasting, and wind shear detection were made as a result of this crash.[111] 134 15 12 2 1
37[112] July 8, 1987 Lockheed L-1011 North Atlantic Ocean Near collision with a Continental 747 carrying 418 passengers and crew. Both the Delta (London-Cincinnati) and Continental (London-Newark) were heading to the U.S. with nearly 600 people total on both aircraft. The Delta flight strayed 60 miles (97 km) off course to the south from its assigned "C" track during its flight and came within 30 feet (9.1 m) of colliding with the 747 as the L-1011 flew under it in Canadian airspace, flying on the "D" track (there are five westbound and five eastbound tracks from the United States to the United Kingdom. Had the planes actually collided, it would have tied the Tenerife airport disaster as the deadliest aviation accident in history. 0 0 0 All 0
1141 August 31, 1988 Boeing 727 Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport Crashed after takeoff bound for Salt Lake City, Utah. The investigation stated the probable cause of this accident to be improper configuration of the flaps and leading edge slats. 14 26 50 18 0
1288[113] July 6, 1996 MD-88 Pensacola International Airport An uncontained engine failure of the port (left) engine on the aircraft resulted in a fan hub piercing the cabin. The flight was scheduled to fly to Atlanta. The aircraft involved in this accident, N927DA, was repaired and returned to service, and remains in service as of 2012. 2 2 3 135 0
1989[114][unreliable source?] September 11, 2001 Boeing 767–300 Enroute from Logan International Airport Flight 1989, bound for Los Angeles International Airport was caught in the path of United Airlines Flight 93. The two aircraft were so close that ATC were initially confused as to which plane had been hijacked. The Delta pilot managed to avoid United 93 and the flight was later diverted to Cleveland Hopkins International Airport.[115] 0 0 0 All 0
129 February 3, 2002 McDonnell Douglas MD-11 Dublin Airport Flight 129 from Atlanta skidded off the runway at Dublin Airport in high winds. The port engine of MD-11 N803DE had severe damage[116] 0 0 0 All 0

Although Northwest Airlines Flight 253 was listed as a Northwest Airlines flight, the aircraft bore the Delta livery during the transitional period after the merger; it was therefore reported in some media as a Delta flight.[citation needed]

Hijackings

There have been over a dozen attempted hijackings which resulted in no injuries and the surrender of the often lone hijacker. These incidents are not included. The following are notable hijackings because of fatalities or success in forcing the aircraft to fly to another country:

  • In 1968, a Delta DC-8 was hijacked to Havana, Cuba. This was the first successful hijacking to Cuba from the U.S. since 1961,[citation needed] and was the start of multiple hijacking attempts to Cuba in the late 1960s. This coincided with the introduction of passenger screening using metal detectors in U.S. airports starting in the late 1960s.
  • Additional hijackings which resulted in no injuries and the flight landing in Cuba include March 28, 1984 (Delta 357 New Orleans-Dallas 727),[117] August 18, 1983 (Delta 784 Miami-Tampa 727),[118] July 17, 1983 (Delta 722 Miami-Tampa 727),[119] June 11, 1979 (Delta 1061 New York LaGuardia-Fort Lauderdale L1011)[120]
  • July 31, 1972, a Delta Flight 841, a Detroit to Miami DC-8 flight, was hijacked to Algiers, Algeria by 8 hijackers. The aircraft stopped in Boston to pick up an international navigator, who was wearing only swimming trunks and a shirt. The flight was allowed to return with passengers to the U.S., stopping in Barcelona for refueling.[121][122]
  • On February 22, 1974, Samuel Byck, an unemployed tire salesman from Pennsylvania, stormed aboard a Delta Air Lines Flight 523, DC-9 flight at Baltimore Friendship Airport (now Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport) scheduled to fly to Atlanta and shot both pilots, killing the First Officer, Fred Jones. He intended to crash the plane into the White House.[123] After shooting the pilots, the hijacker grabbed a passenger and demanded that she fly the aircraft.[124]
  • On August 23, 1980, a Delta Air Lines L-1011 on a San Juan to Los Angeles flight was hijacked to Cuba.[125] The hijacker was jailed by Cuban authorities, and all passengers were released unharmed.
  • On September 13, 1980, a Delta Air Lines New Orleans to Atlanta flight was taken over by two hijackers and forced to fly to Cuba. The flight continued to Atlanta after stopping in Havana.[126] The hijackers were imprisoned by Cuban authorities. One hijacker was released and later sought US residency. The suspect was later arrested by US authorities in 2002[127] and sentenced to prison the following year.

See also

Template:Wikipedia books

References

Notes
  1. ^ "History". news.delta.com. Delta Air Lines Inc. 2010. Retrieved January 11, 2011. 1924 The Huff Daland Dusters crop-dusting operation, which formed the roots for Delta, founded in Macon, Ga. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ^ Norwood, Tom; Wegg, John (2002). North American Airlines Handbook (3rd ed.). Sandpoint, Idaho: Airways International. p. 40. ISBN 0-9653993-8-9.
  3. ^ "Airline Certificate Information – Detail View". av-info.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. September 30, 1988. Archived from the original on January 20, 2011. Retrieved January 20, 2011. Certificate Number DALA026A
  4. ^ a b "Delta Unveils Schedule for New Domestic Hub at New York's LaGuardia Airport - Dec 16, 2011". News.delta.com. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Stats & Facts". news.delta.com. Delta Air Lines, Inc. 2011. Archived from the original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011. Hubs: Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis-St. Paul, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam and Tokyo-Narita {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference 10K was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "Delta Renames Business Jet Subsidiary 'Delta Private Jets'". deltaprivatejets.com. Delta Private Jets, Inc. September 9, 2010. Archived from the original on January 20, 2010. Retrieved January 20, 2010. Delta Private Jets, formerly Delta AirElite Business Jets, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Delta Air Lines...
  8. ^ "Aircraft Fleet". delta.com. Delta Air Lines, Inc. September 30, 2010. Archived from the original on January 20, 2011. Retrieved January 20, 2011. Excludes all grounded aircraft, including 25 DC-9, 10 CRJ-100 and nine SAAB 340B+ aircraft that were grounded during the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
  9. ^ "Delta Welcomes TAROM into SkyTeam Alliance" (Press release). Delta Air Lines. June 25, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2010.
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  11. ^ "Federal Aviation Administration – Airline Certificate Information – Detail View". FAA.gov. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
  12. ^ a b c d e "Delta Stats & Facts". Retrieved August 6, 2011.
  13. ^ a b c Jamil S. Zainaldin of the Georgia Humanities Council, "Delta Air Lines", The New Georgia Encyclopedia (updated May 31, 2007).
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  44. ^ "Airline Routes". Air Transport World. August 15, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2011. Delta Air Lines and Aerolíneas Argentinas announced a codesharing agreement under which DL will place its code on AR flights to Calafate, Córdoba, Iguazu, Mendoza, Rio Grande, Rosario, San Carlos de Bariloche, and Ushuaia; AR will place its code on DL service to Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, San Francisco, San Juan, Seattle, Washington, Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver. The agreement will begin in the fourth quarter.
  45. ^ "Delta Starts Codeshare Flights with Brazil's GOL - Feb 7, 2011". News.delta.com. February 7, 2011. Retrieved April 5, 2012.
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  50. ^ "Delta to cap its narrowbody order at 100 737-900ERs". Flightglobal. Air Transport Intelligence news. August 22, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
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  61. ^ Morales, Tatiana. "Buy On-Board Meals?." The Early Show/CBS News. July 7, 2003. Retrieved on September 16, 2009.
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Bibliography
  • Green, William (1987). Modern Commercial Aircraft. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-517-63369-8. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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