List of language names
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (July 2025) |
This article is a resource of the native names of most of the major languages in the world. These are endonymic glossonyms.
Languages
[edit]† = Extinct language
'
[edit]ꞌAreꞌare – Areare
- Spoken in: southern Malaita
, Solomon Islands 
ʼOle – ʼOlekha
- Spoken in: Kingdom of Bhutan

A
[edit]A-Hmao – ad Hmaob lul, A-hmaos
Aari – አፋን፡ኣሪ፡
- Spoken in:
Ethiopia
Aasáx † – Aasá
- Formerly spoken in:
Tanzania
Abau – Abau
- Spoken in:
Sandaun,
Papua New Guinea
Abaza – Aбаза бызшва
Abellen – Ayta Abellen
- Spoken in:
Tarlac,
Philippines
Abenaki † – Alnôba, Wôbanakiôdwawôgan
- Formerly spoken by: the American/Canadian Abenaki Tribe
Abkhaz – Aҧсуа бызшәа, Aҧсшәа
- Official language in:
Abkhazia and the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia,
Georgia
Aborlan Tagbanwa – tabanawa
- Spoken in:
Palawan,
Philippines
Abui – Abui
- Spoken in:
Indonesia
Abure – ɔbule ɔyʋɛ
- Spoken in:
Côte d’Ivoire
Acehnese – Aceh or Bahsa Acèh
- Spoken in:
Indonesia
Achagua – Achawa
Achang – Mönghsa, ŋa˨˩ʈʂhaŋ˨˩
Achi – achi'
Acholi – Lwo
- Spoken in:
Uganda and
South Sudan
Achumawi † – Achomawi or Ajúmmááwí
- Formerly spoken in:
California
Adai † – Tenánat Hadéyas
- Formerly spoken in:
Louisiana,
United States
Adangbe – Adangbe
- Spoken in:
Togo
Adangme – Adangbɛ
Adele – Gidire
Adioukrou – mɔjukru
- Spoken in:
Côte d’Ivoire
Adnyamathanha – Yura Ngawarla
- Spoken in:
Australia
Adyghe – Адыгабзэ
- Western Circassian language. Official language in:
Adygea,
Russia - Spoken also in:
Turkey,
Israel,
Syria,
Iraq,
Germany,
United States,
Netherlands etc.
Adzera – Adzera
- Spoken in:
Morobe,
Papua New Guinea
Afade – afaë
Afar – Qafár af
Afrihili – El-Afrihili
- Proposed lingua franca of
Africa
Afrikaans – Afrikaans
Aghem – aghím
- Spoken in:
Cameroon
Aghul – агъул чӀал
Aguacateco – awakateko
- Spoken in:
Guatemala
Aguaruna – Awajún
- Spoken in:
Peru
Ahirani – खान्देशी, अहिराणी
- Spoken in: Maharashtra,
India
Ahtna – Atnakenaege
Aikanã – Tubarão, Huari
Ainu † – アイヌ イタク, Aynu Itak
Ajië – A’jie, Ajië, Houailou, Wai, Wailu
Aka-Jeru – Akajeru, Jeru, Yerawa
- Spoken in: Andaman Islands,
India
Akan – Akan, Fante, Twi
- Official language in:
Ghanaian/Ivoirian ethnic region of Akanland
Akhvakh – Ашвaлъи мицIи
- Spoken in: Southern
Dagestan,
Russia and Northern
Azerbaijan
Akkadian † – akkadû or 𒀝𒅗𒁺𒌑
- Formerly an Official language in: Akkad or central Mesopotamia which is modern-day
Iraq - Later it became a lingua franca in the Middle East and
Egypt
Aklanon – Akeanon, Binisaya nga Akeanon or Inakeanon
Akum – aakuem
Alabama – Albaamaha
- Spoken in:
Texas,
United States - Now extinct in:
Oklahoma,
United States
Albanian – Shqip, Shqiptar
- Official language in:
Albania and
Kosovo - Recognised Minority Language in:
Italy,
Montenegro,
North Macedonia,
Romania, and
Serbia
Albanian Sign Language – Gjuha e Shqipe e Shenjave
- Signed in:
Albania
Aleut – Unangam Tunuu, Унáҥам Тунý
- Official language in:
Alaska,
United States - Spoken in:
Kamchatka Krai,
Russia
Algerian Arabic – الدارجة الجزائرية
- Spoken in:
Algeria
Algerian Saharan Arabic – dŷazāri' or جزائري
- Spoken in:
Algeria,
Libya,
Mali,
Mauritania,
Morocco,
Niger, and
Western Sahara
Algonquin – ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ or anicinâbemowin
Aloápam Zapotec – tizha'
Alsatian – Elsässisch, Elsässerditsch
Altai (Northern) – Алтай тили
- Spoken in:
Altai Krai and
Altai Republic,
Russia
Altai (Southern) – Алтай тил
- Spoken in:
Altai Republic,
Russia
Alur – Lur
- Spoken in: the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and
Uganda
Alutiiq – Sugt’stun, Alutiit’stun
Alyutor – nəməlʔu
- Spoken in:
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and
Kamchatka Krai,
Russia
Amdang – Sìmí Amdangtí
- Spoken in: the Wadi Fira Region,
Chad
American Sign Language – Sign Language
- Signed in: the
United States of America and
Canada
Amharic – ኣማርኛ
Amis – 'Amis or Pangcah
- Spoken in:
Taiwan
Amo – Timap
- Spoken in:
Nigeria
Ana Dogon – Ana Tiŋa
- Spoken in:
Mali
Ancash Quechua – qichwa, nuna shimi
Ancient Egyptian † – 𓂋𓏺𓈖 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖
- Formerly spoken in: Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greek † – Ἑλληνική
- Formerly spoken in: much of the Mediterranean Sea (until 1453)
Andalusian Arabic † – عربية أندلسية
- Formerly spoken in: Al-Andalus (modern-day
Spain and
Portugal)
Andi – къӀаваннаб мицӀцӀи
Anfillo – Mao
- Spoken in:
Ethiopia
Angika – अंगिका
- Official language in:
Jharkhand,
India - Spoken in:
Nepal
Anglo-Norman † – Anglo-Normaund
- Formerly spoken in: the
United Kingdom and
Ireland
Angloromani – Pogadi Chib
- Spoken in: the
United Kingdom
Anindilyakwa – Amamalya Ayakwa
- Spoken in:
Northern Territory,
Australia
Antiguan and Barbudan Creole – Aanteegan an' Baabyuudan / raa bak
- Spoken in:
the Leeward Islands
Anufo – Anufɔ
Apache – Ndéé
- Spoken in: Southwestern
United States
Apalachee † – ?
- Formerly spoken in:
Florida,
United States
Apsaalooke – Apsáalooke
- Spoken in: Great Plains,
United States
Arabela – Tapweyokwaka
- Spoken in:
Peru
Arabic – العربية
Aragonese – l'Aragonés
- Official language in:
Aragon,
Spain
Arakanese – ရက္ခိုင်ဘာသာ
- Spoken in:
Rakhine State,
Myanmar and Chittagong Division,
Bangladesh
Araki – Soron Raki
- Spoken in: Araki Island,
Vanuatu
Aramaic – ܐܪܡܝܐ
Aranese – aranés
- Official language in:
Val d'Aran in
Catalonia,
Spain
Arapaho – Hinono'eitiit
- Spoken by: the
Arapaho people,
United States
Arawak – Lokono
Arbëreshë Albanian – Arbërisht
- Spoken in:
Italy
Archi – аршаттен
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit † – 𑀅𑀭𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀥𑀻
- Formerly spoken in: modern-day Bihar and Uttar Pradesh,
India
Arikara – Sáhniš
- Spoken in:
North Dakota,
United States
Arin † – bbˈirk
- Formerly spoken in:
Russia
Armenian – Հայերեն
- Official language in:
Armenia - Recognised Minority Language in:
Cyprus,
Poland,
Romania, Samtskhe-Javakheti (
Georgia),
Hungary,
Iraq,
Lebanon,
Turkey,
Ukraine, and
California (
United States)
Armenian Sign Language – Հայերեն ժեստերի լեզու
- Signed in:
Armenia
Aromanian – Aromanian
Arpitan – arpetan or francoprovençâl
- Spoken in:
France and
Switzerland - Recognised Minority Language in:
Italy
Arrernte – Arrernte Angkentye
- Spoken in:
Northern Territory,
Australia
Arvanitika – arbërisht or αρbε̰ρίσ̈τ
- Spoken in:
Greece
Assamese – অসমীয়া
- Spoken in:
Bhutan,
Bangladesh, and
India
Assiniboine – Nakhóda
- Spoken in:
Canada and the
United States
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic – ܣܘܪܝܬ
Asturian – Asturianu
Atayal – Tayal
- Spoken in:
Taiwan
Atikamekw – Nēhinawēwin
Attapady Kurumba – അട്ടപ്പാടി കുറുംബ
- Spoken in:
India
Auslan – Sign Language
Austral – Reo Tuha‘a pae
- Spoken in:
Austral Islands in
French Polynesia
Austrian Sign Language – Österreichische Gebärdensprache
- Signed in:
Austria
Auye-Dao – Auwje, Maniwo, Moi, Moi-Wadea
- Spoken in:
Central Papua,
Indonesia
Avar – авар мацӏ, اوار ماض, магӏарул мацӏ, ماعارۇل ماض
- Spoken in:
Azerbaijan,
Georgia,
Kazakhstan,
Turkey, and
Dagestan (
Russia)
Avestan – 𐬆𐬬𐬈𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬥
- Formerly spoken in: the eastern
Iranian Plateau - The Avestan language is a Zoroastrian liturgical language

Awadhi – अवधी
- Spoken in:
India
Aweer – Boni
- Spoken in:
Kenya
Awijilah – Tawjilit, طاوجيليت or ⵟⴰⵡⵊⵉⵍⵉⵜ
- Spoken in:
Libya
Ayapaneco – Ayapaneco
Aymara – Aymar Aru
- Spoken by:
Aymara people in
Bolivia,
Chile, and
Peru
Äynu – ئەينۇ
- Spoken in: the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region,
China
Azerbaijani – Azərbaycanca
- Official language in:
Azerbaijan and
Dagestan,
Russia - Spoken in:
Iran,
Turkey and
Georgia
Azerbaijani Sign Language – Azərbaycan işarət dili
- Signed in:
Azerbaijan
Azoyu Me'phaa – me̱'pha̱a̱ tsíndíí
B
[edit]Babine – Witsuwit’en, ᗔᙣᗔᗥᐣ
- Spoken in: British Columbia
in Canada 
Badaga – படக, ಬಡಗ, ബഡഗ
- Spoken in: Tamil Nadu, India

Baga † – Barka
- Formerly spoken in: the Republic of Guinea

Bagheli – बघेली
- Spoken in: Madhya Pradesh, India

Bagri – बागड़ी
Bagvalal – багвалал мисӀсӀ
Bai – Baip‧ngvp‧zix
- Spoken in: the Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China

Bajan Creole – Bajan
- Spoken in: Barbados

Bajjika – बज्जिका
Baki – Baki
- Spoken in: Vanuatu

Balinese – ᬩᬲᬩᬮᬶ
- Spoken in: Bali
, Republic of Indonesia 
Balochi – بلۏچی
- Spoken in: Pakistan
, Iran
and Afghanistan 
Balti – སྦལ་ཏིའི་སྐད་, بلتی
Bambara – Bamanankan
- Official language in: the Republic of Mali

Bamileke – Bamiléké
- Spoken in: the Western High Plateau, Cameroon

Banaban † – ?
Banda – ?
- Spoken in: the Central African Republic
, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
and South Sudan 
Bangala – Mɔnɔkɔ na bangála
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Bangime – Baŋgɛri-mɛ
- Spoken in: the Republic of Mali

Banjarese – basa Banjar, jaku Banjar, باس بنجر
- Recognised Minority Language in: South Kalimantan
, Central Kalimantan
and East Kalimantan
, Indonesia 
Bantawa – बान्तावा
- Official language in: Sikkim, India
and Koshi Province, Nepal 
Baoulé – wawle
- Spoken in: Ivory Coast

Baram – Baraamu
- Spoken in: Nepal

Barasana-Eduria – Taiwano, Jãnerã - Eduria Oca
- Spoken in: Vaupés Department
, Colombia 
Basaa – ɓasaá, ɓàsàa
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Basa-Gumna † – Basa-Kaduna, Basa Kuta
- Formerly spoken in: Chanchaga, Niger State, Federal Republic of Nigeria

Bashkir – башҡорт Теле, Başqort Tele
- Official language in: the Republic of Bashkortostan
, Russian Federation
and the Republic of Kazakhstan 
Basque – Euskara
- Official language in: Basque Country
and Navarre
, Kingdom of Spain 
- Spoken in the French Basque Country, Atlantic Pyrenees
Republic of France
, but with no legal status.
Bassa – Ɓǎsɔ́ɔ̀ (𖫢𖫧𖫳𖫒𖫨𖫰𖫨𖫱)
- Spoken by: Liberian/Sierra Leonean Bassa People
Batak – ᯘᯮᯒᯖ᯲ ᯅᯖᯂ᯲
- Spoken by: the Batak people of the North Sumatra, Republic of Indonesia

Bats – ბაცბა მოტტ
- Spoken in: Georgia

Bavarian – Boarisch, Boirisch
- Spoken in: Bavaria
in Germany
, Austria
and South Tyrol
in Italy 
Beaver – Dane-zaa Ẕáágéʔ (ᑕᓀᖚ ᖚᗀᐥ)
- Spoken in: British Columbia
and Alberta
, Canada 
Bedik – Ménik
- Spoken in: Senegal

Beja – Bidhaawyeet, Tubdhaawi, تُبڈاوِ
- Recognised Minority Language in: Eritrea
and Sudan 
Belarusian – Беларуская
Bemba – iciBemba
- Official language in: the Republic of Zambia

Bengali – বাংলা
- Official language in: the People's Republic of Bangladesh
and the Republic of India 
Beothuk † – Beothuk
- Formerly spoken in: the island of Newfoundland, Canada

Berber – Tamaziɣt, Tamazight, or ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
- Spoken in: Northern Africa
Berta – Gebeto or Wetawit
- Spoken in: the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

Betawi – Basè Betawi, Basa Betawi
- Spoken in: Jakarta
, Tangerang City, Tangerang Regency, South Tangerang City in Banten
, Bekasi City, Bekasi Regency, Bogor Regency, Depok City in West Java
, Indonesia 
Bezhta – бежкьалас миц
Bhili – भीली, ભીલી
- Spoken in: Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra, India

Bhojpuri – 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲, भोजपुरी, بھوجپوري
- Spoken in: Bihar, Republic of India
; Jharkhand, Republic of India
; Uttar Pradesh, Republic of India
; Co-operative Republic of Guyana
; Republic of Suriname
; and Republic of Trinidad and Tobago 
Bhumij – ভূমিজ, ଭୁମିଜ୍, भूमिज,
Biblical Hebrew – שְֹפַת כְּנַעַן, יְהוּדִית, (לָשׁוֹן) עִבְרִית, לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ
- Formerly spoken in: the Kingdom of Judah, the Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) and the Hasmonean dynasty (Modern-day Israel
) - Biblical Hebrew is a Jewish liturgical language

Big Nambas – V'ənen Taut
- Spoken in: Malakula, Vanuatu

Bihari – बिहारी भाषा
Bijago – Kangaki-Kagbaaga-Kajoko Bidyogo
- Spoken in: Guinea-Bissau

Bikol – Bikol
- Spoken in: Bicol Region, Philippines

Bilen – ብሊን
Bishnupriya Manipuri – বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
- Spoken in: Northeast India
and Bangladesh 
Bislama – Bislama
Blackfoot – ᑯᖾᖹ, ᓱᖽᐧᖿ
- Spoken by: the American/Canadian Blackfoot Tribe
Bodo – बड़ो
- Spoken in: Republic of India
and Democratic Republic of Nepal 
Boie'nen – [bɔ̆ɪ̆ɛ̋’n̆ə̆n]
- Spoken in: Buhi, Camarines Sur of the Bicol Region of the Philippines

Bole – bòo pìkkà
- Spoken in: Bauchi State, Gombe State, Yobe State and Plateau State, Nigeria

Boma – Kiboma
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Bono – Abron
- Spoken in: Ghana
and Ivory Coast 
Bontoc – Bontoc
- Spoken in: Mountain Province, the Philippines

Bosnian – Босански, Bosanski
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
and Montenegro 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Republic of Albania
, Kosovo
, North Macedonia
, and Republic of Serbia 
Botlikh – Буйхалъи мицIцIи
Bouyei – Haausqyaix
Brahui – براہوئی
- Spoken in: Balochistan, Pakistan

Braj Bhasha – ब्रजभाषा
- Spoken in: India

Brazilian Sign Language – Língua Brasileira de Sinais
- Signed in: Brazil
and by Brazilian diaspora 
Breton – Brezhoneg
- Spoken in: Brittany, French Republic

British Sign Language – Sign Language, Breetish Sign Leid, Iaith Arwyddion Prydain, Cànan Soidhnidh Bhreatainn, Teanga Chomharthaíochta na Breataine
- Signed in: the United Kingdom

Budu Dogon – Bunɔɡɛ
- Spoken in: Mali

Budukh – Budad mez
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan

Bugan – Pakan
Buginese – ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ
- Spoken in: South Sulawesi, Republic of Indonesia

Bugun – Khowa
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Buhid – ᝊᝓᝑᝒᝇ
- Spoken in: Mindoro, Philippines

Bukharian – בוכארי, бухорӣ, buxorī
- Spoken in: Uzbekistan
, Tajikistan
and Afghanistan 
Bulgarian – български език
- Official language in: Republic of Bulgaria
, and Hellenic Republic 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Romania
, Republic of Serbia
, and Ukraine 
Bulgarian Sign Language – Български жестомимичен език
- Signed in: Bulgaria

Burmese – မြန်မာစာ or မြန်မာစကား
Burushaski – بُرُݸشَسکݵ
- Spoken in: Gilgit Division, Pakistan

Buryat – буряад хэлэн
- Official language in: Buryatia
, Russia 
Bussa – Mossittaata, Mossiya, ሞስሲትቷታ or ሞስሲያ
- Spoken in: Ethiopia

C
[edit]Caddo † – Hasí:nay
- Formerly spoken in: Oklahoma
in the United States 
Cahto – Katoiana
- Spoken in: California
in the United States 
Cahuarano † – Cahuiawano
- Formerly spoken in: Peru

Cahuilla – Ivia
- Spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States

Cajun French – Français cajun
- Spoken in: Louisiana
, United States 
Caló – Caló
Cameroonian Pidgin English – Wes Cos, Kamtok
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Canichana † – Canesi, Joaquiniano
- Formerly spoken in: Bolivia

Cantabrian – cántabru, montañés
- Spoken in: the Spanish autonomous communities of Cantabria
and Asturias 
Cantonese – 廣東話
- Official language in: Hong Kong Special Administration Region, People's Republic of China
, Macau Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China 
Cape Verdean Creole – kabuverdianu, kriolu, kriol
- Spoken in: Cape Verde

Carib – Kari'nja
- Spoken in: Brazil
, French Guiana
, Guyana
, Suriname
, Venezuela
, and Trinidad and Tobago 
Caribbean Hindustani – कॅरेबियाई हिंदुस्तानी, 𑂍𑂶𑂩𑂵𑂥𑂱𑂨𑂰𑂆⸱𑂯𑂱𑂁𑂠𑂳𑂮𑂹𑂞𑂰𑂢𑂲, کَیریبئائی ہندوستانی
- Spoken in: Guyana
, Suriname
and Trinidad and Tobago 
Carijona – Tsahá
- Spoken in: Colombia

Carolina Algonquian † – Pamlico
- Formerly spoken in: North Carolina
, the United States 
Carolinian – Refaluwasch
Carrier – ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada

Carrier (Southern) – ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada

Catalan – Català
- Official language in: Principality of Andorra
; the Balearic Islands, Kingdom of Spain
; Catalonia, Kingdom of Spain
; and the Valencian Community, Kingdom of Spain 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Pyrénées-Orientales, French Republic
; Sardinia, Italian Republic
; and Aragón, Kingdom of Spain 
Catalan Sign Language – Llengua de signes catalana
Catawba – Katapa
- Spoken in: South Carolina
in the United States 
Cayuga – Gayogo̱hó:nǫ’
- Spoken by: the Iroquois Cayuga people living in the Canadian First Nation reservation of the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation

Cebuano – Bisaya, Sinugboanon
- Spoken in: Central Visayas and Mindanao, Philippines

Central Alaskan Yupʼik – Yugtun, Cugtun
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Central Bikol – Bikol Sentral
- Spoken in: Bicol Region, the Philippines

Central Dusun – Boros Dusun
Central Sama – Sinama
- Spoken in: Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, Zamboanga City and Basilan, the Philippines
and Sabah
, Malaysia 
Central Siberian Yupik – Yupigestun, Akuzipigestun, Юпик
- Official language in: Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
, Russia
and Alaska
, the United States 
Central ǃKung – ǃXun
- Spoken in: Grootfontein, Namibia

Chadian Arabic – لهجة تشادية
- Spoken in: Chad

Chagatai † – چغتای
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia
Chakma – 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄞𑄌𑄴
- Spoken in: Chittagong Hill Tracts, CADC, Mizoram, Tripura, Arunachal Pradesh, Bangladesh
and India 
Chalcatongo Mixtec – Chalcatongo
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic – ܟܠܕܝܐ
- Spoken by: Assyrians in the Assyrian homeland and globally by diaspora
Cham – ꨌꩌ
- Spoken in: Cambodia

Chamalal – чамалалдуб мичӏчӏ
Chamorro – Chamoru, Fino'Chamorro
Chavacano – Chabacano
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Chechen – Нохчийн Mотт
- Official language in: the Chechen Republic, Russian Federation
and the Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation 
Chemakum † – Aqoʞúlo
- Formerly spoken in: the Olympic Peninsula, Washington
, the United States 
Chenchu – చెంచు
- Spoken in: the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India

Cherokee – ᏣᎳᎩ, ᏣᎳᎩ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ
- Official language in: the Native American tribe of the Cherokee
, in Oklahoma 
Chewa – Nyanja
Cheyenne – Tsėhesenėstsestotse, Tsisinstsistots
- Spoken in: Montana
and Oklahoma, United States 
Chhattisgarhi – छत्तीसगढ़ी
- Spoken in: Republic of India

Chibcha † – Muysc cubun
- Formerly spoken in: Colombia

Chickasaw – Chikasha
- Spoken in: Oklahoma, United States

Chilcotin – Tŝinlhqutʼin
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada

Chinese – 汉语, 漢語, 华语, 華語, or 中文
- Official language in: the People's Republic of China
; Republic of Singapore
; Republic of China
; and the Wa State, Republic of the Union of Myanmar - Recognised Minority Language in: Malaysia
, the Philippines
, Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace
, and the United States 
Chinese Sign Language – 中国手语
- Signed in: the People's Republic of China

Chinook Jargon – Chinuk Wawa
- Spoken in: the United States
and Canada 
Chipewyan – ᑌᓀᓲᒢᕄᓀ, Dene Suline, Dëne Sųłiné
- Spoken in: Canada

Chippewa – Anishinaabemowin, ᐊᓂᐦᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ
- Spoken in: Upper Peninsula of Michigan
, Wisconsin
, Minnesota
, and North Dakota
, the United States 
Chitkuli Kinnauri – चित्कुली किन्नौरी
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India

Chitonga – ChiTonga
Chittagonian – চাটগাঁইয়া বুলি
- Spoken in: Bangladesh

Chocangaca – ཁྱོ་ཅ་ང་ཅ་ཁ་
- Spoken in: Bhutan

Choctaw – Chahta', Chahta Anumpa
- Spoken in: The United States of America

Chʼol – Lakty'añ
Chʼortiʼ – čorti'
- Spoken in: Guatemala
, Honduras
and El Salvador 
Chug – Duhumbi
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India

Chukchi – чаучу
- Spoken in: Russia in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Chulym – Ось тили, тадар тили
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai
and Tomsk Oblast, Russia 
Chung – Cung
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Church Slavonic – Црькъвьнословѣ́ньскъ ѩꙁꙑ́къ, Церковнославѧ́нскїй Ѧ҆зы́къ, ⱌⱃⰽⰲⰰⱀⱁⱄⰾⱁⰲⱑⱀⱄⰽⱜ ⰵⰸⰻⰽⱜ, ⱌⰹⱃⱏⰽⱏⰲⱏⱀⱁⱄⰾⱁⰲⱑⱀⱐⱄⰽⱏⰹ ⱗⰸⱏⰻⰽⱏ
- Church Slavonic is a liturgical language used by the Eastern Orthodox Church

Chuukese – Chuuk
Chuvash – Чӑвашла, Çăvaşla
Cia-Cia – Bahasa Ciacia, 바하사 찌아찌아, بهاس چيا-چيا
- Spoken in: Southeast Sulawesi
, Indonesia 
Cimbrian – Zimbrisch
- Spoken in: the Italian Republic

Classical Arabic – العربية الفصحى
- Formerly spoken in: Early Islamic Caliphates
- Classical Arabic is a liturgical language of Islam

Classical Armenian † – գրաբար
- Formerly spoken in: the Armenian highlands
Classical Chinese – 古文 or 文言
- Literary language used in: the People's Republic of China
, the Republic of China
, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
, Korea
, and Japan 
Classical Japanese † – 文語
- Formerly spoken in: Japan

Classical Mandaic – ࡋࡉࡔࡀࡍࡀ ࡖ ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀࡉࡉࡀ
- Spoken in: Iraq
and Iran 
- The Mandaic language is a liturgical language of Mandaeism

Classical Mongolian † – ?
Classical Nepal Bhasa † – पुलाङु नेपाल भास
Classical Tibetan † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Greater Tibet

Coastal Kadazan – Boos Kadazan (Bo'os Kadazan)
Cochimi † – Laymón
- Formerly spoken in: Baja California
, Mexico 
Cocopah – Kwikapa
- Spoken in: Baja California
and Sonora
, Mexico
and Arizona
, the United States 
Cocos Islands Malay – Basa Pulu Cocos
- Spoken in: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
, Australia
and Malaysia 
Coeur d'Alene – Snchitsu’umshtsn
- Spoken in: northern Idaho
, the United States 
Comanche – Nʉmʉ Tekwapʉ
- Spoken in: Oklahoma, United States

Common Brittonic † – Brittonikā
- Formerly spoken in: Great Britain
Comorian – shikomori', شِكُمُرِ
Comox – Éyɂáɂjuuthem, ʔayajuθəm, q̓yʔq̓yʔɛmixʷq̓ɛnəm
- Spoken in: British Columbia, Canada

Cook Islands Māori – ‘Airani
Coptic – ⲘⲉⲧⲢⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ
- The Coptic language is a Coptic liturgical language

Cornish – Kernewek, Kernowek
- Recognised Minority Language in: Cornwall
, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 
Corsican – Corsu
Cree – ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories, Canada

Crimean Tatar – qırımtatar tili, къырымтатар тили, قریم تاتار تلی
Croatian – Hrvatski
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
; Republic of Croatia
; and Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Burgenland, Republic of Austria
; Baranya County, Southern Transdanubia, Hungary
; Molise, Italian Republic
; Montenegro
; Carașova, Caraș-Severin County Romania
; and Lupac, Caraș-Severin County, Romania 
Croatian Sign Language – Hrvatski znakovni jezik
- Signed in: Croatia

Cupeño † – Kupangaxwicham Pe'memelki
- Formerly spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States

Cypriot Arabic – Σάννα, Sanna
Cypriot Sign Language – Κυπριακή Νοηματική Γλώσσα
- Signed in: Cyprus

Czech – Český Jazyk, Čeština
- Official language in: the Czech Republic

Czech Sign Language – Český znakový jazyk
- Signed in: Czech Republic

D
[edit]Dagaare – Dagaare
- Spoken in: Ghana
, Burkina Faso
, and Ivory Coast 
Dagbani – Dagbanli
Dagur – Даор Усуву, ᡩᠠᠣᠷ ᡠᠰᡠᠸᡠ, Daor Usuwu, ᡩᠠᠸᡠᠷ ᡴᡝᠯ, Dagur Kel
- Spoken in: Chinese province of Heilongjiang; Chinese autonomous regions of Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang

Dahalo – numma guhooni
- Spoken in: Kenya

Dair – Thaminyi or طهامينيي
- Spoken in: Sudan

Dakhini – دکنی
- Official language in: the Republic of India
and the United Arab Emirates 
Dakota – Dakȟótiyapi
- Spoken in: Canada
and the United States 
Dakpa – དག་པ་ཁ་
Dalecarlian – Dalmål
- Spoken in: Kingdom of Sweden

Dalmatian † – veklisúṅ
Danish – Dansk
- Official language in: Kingdom of Denmark
and the Faroe Islands 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Federal Republic of Germany
, Greenland
, and Republic of Iceland 
Danish Sign Language – Dansk tegnsprog
- Signed in: Denmark

Dargwa – Дарган Mез
Daza – Dazaga
Dazawa – Daza
- Spoken in: Bauchi State, Nigeria

Deg Xinag – Deg Hitʼan
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Delaware – Lënapei èlixsuwakàn
- Spoken by: the Delaware people in the United States

Denaʼina – Denaʼina Qenaga, Denaʼinaqʼ
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Deori – জিমʼচাঁয়া/দেউৰী
- Spoken in: Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India

Desia – ଦେଶିଆ
- Spoken in: some districts in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh, India

Dhatki – धाटकी, ڍاٽڪي
- Spoken in: Mirpur Khas Division, Pakistan

Dhivehi – ދިވެހި
Dhuwal – Dhay'yi
- Spoken in: Northern Territory
, Australia 
Digaro Mishmi – tɑ31 rɑŋ53, da31 raŋ53, tɯŋ53
- Spoken in: northeastern Arunachal Pradesh, India
and Zayü County, Tibet, China 
Dimasa – Grao-Dima
Dinka – Thuɔŋjäŋ
- Spoken in: South Sudan

Djambarrpuyngu – Djampbarrpuyŋu
- Spoken in: Northern Territory
, Australia 
Dogri – डोगरी, 𑠖𑠵𑠌𑠤𑠮, ڈوگری
- Official language in: Jammu and Kashmir, India

- Also spoken in: other parts of India
and in Pakistan 
Dogrib – Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories
, Canada 
Dolgan – Дулҕан, Dulğan, Һака, Haka
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai
, Russia 
Domari – Dômarî
- Spoken in: Middle East
, North Africa
and the Caucasus
Dombe – isiTonga
Dong – lix Gaeml
Doteli – डोटेली
- Official language in: Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal

- Recognised Minority Language in: Karnali Province, Nepal

Drehu – Dehu, Lifou, Lifu, Qene Drehu
Drung – Tvrung kvt
Duala – Duala
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Duhwa – Karfa
- Spoken in: Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Dungan – 回族语言, Xуэйзў йүян
- Spoken by: the Central Asian Dungan people
Durkha – тyъһа тыл
- Spoken in: Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia

Dutch – Nederlands
- Official language in: Aruba
, Kingdom of Belgium
Country of Curaçao,
, the Netherlands
, Sint Maarten
, and Republic of Suriname 
Dutch Sign Language – Nederlandse Gebarentaal
- Signed in: the Netherlands

Dutton World Speedwords – rapmotz
Dyula – Julakan
- Spoken in: Ivory Coast
, Burkina Faso
and Mali 
Dzao Min – Ba Pai
- Spoken in: China

Dzongkha – རྫོང་ཁ་
E
[edit]E – 誒
Early Modern English † – English
- Formerly spoken in: England
, Wales
, Scotland
, Ireland
and English overseas possessions 
Ecclesiastical Latin – Latin
- Ecclesiastical Latin is a liturgical language used by the Catholic Church

Edo – Ẹ̀dó
Efik – Usem Efịk
- Spoken in: Cross River State, Nigeria

Egyptian Arabic – مصرى
- Spoken in: Egypt

Ekajuk – Ekajuk
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Ekoka ǃKung – ǃXuun
- Spoken in: South Africa
and Namibia
, originally also spoken in Angola 
Elamite † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Iran

Emilian – Emigliân, emigliàn
- Spoken in: Western Emilia-Romagna
, Italy 
Emilian–Romagnol – emigliàn e rumagnòl
- Spoken in: primarily in Emilia-Romagna
, also in Marche
, Italy
and San Marino 
Enets – Онэй база
- Spoken in: Krasnoyarsk Krai
, Russia 
Enga – Enga
- Spoken in: Enga
, Papua New Guinea 
English – English
Enu – Ximoluo
Eravallan – எரவல்லன்
- Spoken in: Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India

Erzya – Эрзянь Kель
Esan – Ishan
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Esperanto – Esperanto
Estonian – Eesti
Estonian Sign Language – eesti viipekeel
- Signed in: Estonia

Etruscan † – 𐌓𐌀𐌔𐌄𐌍𐌍𐌀
- Formerly spoken in: Central Italy

Eudeve † – Dóhmenerít
Europanto – Europanto
- Spoken in: the European Union

Even – эвэн, то̄рэ̄нни or эвэды
- Spoken in: Siberia

Evenki – Эвэды̄ турэ̄н
- Spoken in: the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia
, the Mongolian aimag of the Selenge Province
, and the Russian krai of Krasnoyarsk Krai 
Ewe – Èʋe, Èʋegbe
- Spoken by: the Beninois/Togolese Ewe people

Ewondo – Beti
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Extremaduran – Estremeñu
Eyak † – I.ya.q
- Official language in: the American state of Alaska

F
[edit]Fala – Fala
- Spoken in: Val de Xálima
, Extremadura
, Spain 
Falam Chin – Lai ṭong
- Spoken in: Falam Township, Chin State
, Myanmar 
Fang (Bantoid) – Fang
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Fang (Bantu) – Faŋ, Paŋwe
Fante – Fante
- Spoken in: Ghana

Faroese – Føroyskt
Fiji Hindi – फिजी बात or Fiji Baat
- Spoken in: Fiji

Fijian – Na vosa vaka-Viti, Vakaviti
Filipino – Wikang Filipino
- Official language in: the Philippines

Filipino Sign Language – Wikang pasenyas ng mga Pilipino
- Official language in: the Philippines

Fingallian † – Fingallian
Finnish – Suomi
- Official language in: Finland
and the Russian autonomous republic of Karelia
; recognised as a minority language in Sweden 
Finnish Kalo Romani – kaalengo tšimb
Finnish Sign Language – Suomalainen viittomakieli
- Signed in: Finland

Flemish – Vlaams
Flemish Sign Language – Vlaamse Gebarentaal
Foia Foia – Minanibai
- Spoken in: Gulf Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Fon – Fon gbè, Fɔngbè
- Spoken by: the Beninois/Nigerian Fon people
Frafra – Farefare
- Spoken in: Ghana
and Burkina Faso 
Frankish † – Frenkisk, Frankisk
- Formerly spoken in: Western Europe
French – Français
French Belgian Sign Language – Langue des signes de Belgique francophone
French Sign Language – Langue des signes française
- Signed in: France
and Switzerland 
Frisian (North) – Noordfreesk
- Official language in: the German archipelago of Heligoland
and the German district of Nordfriesland 
Frisian (Saterland) – Seeltersk
- Spoken in: the German municipality of Saterland

Frisian (West) – Frysk
- Official language in: the Dutch province of Friesland

Friulian – Furlan
- Spoken in: Italy

Fula – Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular
- Spoken in: Central Africa
Fur – For
- Spoken in: the Republic of Chad
and Darfur, Republic of the Sudan 
Futuna-Aniwa – ?
Futunan – Faka futuna
- Spoken in: Futuna, Wallis and Futuna
, France 
G
[edit]Ga – Gã
Gagauz – Gagauz
- Official language in: in: Gagauzia
in Moldova 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Ukraine

Galician – Galego
- Official language in: the Spanish autonomous community of Galicia

Gallo – Galo
- Recognised Minority Language in: France mainly: Brittany
, Normandy 
Gallurese – gadduresu
Gan – 赣语, 贛語
Garhwali – गढ़वळि
- Spoken in: Uttarakhand, India

Garo – A·chikku, আ·চিক্কু
Garre – اف الخرّيي
Gawri – گاوری
- Spoken in: Behrain Tehsil. Pakistan

Gayo – Basa Gayo
Gbaya – Gbaya
- Spoken in: the Central African Republic
, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
, the Republic of the Congo
, and Cameroon 
Ge'ez – ግዕዝ
Georgian – ქართული
Georgian Sign Language – ქართული ჟესტური ენა
- Signed in: Georgia

German – Deutsch
- Official language in: Austria
, the Belgian German-Speaking Community
, Germany
, Liechtenstein
, Luxembourg
, the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol
, and Switzerland 
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Brazilian city of Pomerode
, the Czech Republic
, Denmark
, Hungary
, the Italian autonomous province of Trentino
, Kazakhstan
, Namibia
, Poland
, Romania
, Russia
, the Slovak municipality of Krahule
, and the Vatican City
(Administrative and commanding language of the Swiss Guard)
German Sign Language – Deutsche Gebärdensprache
- Signed in: Germany
, Luxembourg
, and the German-speaking Community of Belgium 
Ghanaian Pidgin – Kru Brofo
- Spoken in: Ghana

Ghomalaʼ – Ghɔmáláʼ
- Spoken in: West Region, Cameroon

Ghomara – ?
- Spoken in: Chefchaouen Province, Morocco

Gikuyu – Gĩkũyũ
- Spoken in: the Kenyan Central Province

Gilaki – گیلٚکی زٚوان
- Spoken in: Gilan Province, Iran

Gilbertese – Taetae ni Kiribati
Gitonga – Gitonga
- Spoken in: Mozambique

Gitxsan – Gitxsanimaax, Gitxsanimx
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Godoberi – ГъибдилӀи Mицци, Ɣibdiƛi Micci
Gondi – गोण्डि, గోణ్డి
- Spoken in: India

Gongduk – དགོང་འདུས་
- Spoken in: Bhutan

Gorani – گۆرانی
Gorontalo – Bahasa Hulontalo
Gothic † – 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
- Formerly spoken in: pre-18th Century Europe
Gourmanché – Migulimancema
Grebo – Kréébo
- Spoken in: Liberia

Greek – Ελληνικά
- Official language in: Cyprus
and Greece 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Albania
, Armenia
, Hungary
Italy
, Romania
, Turkey
, and Ukraine 
Greek Sign Language – Ελληνική νοηματική γλώσσα
- Signed in: Greece

Greenlandic – Kalaallisut
Grenadian Creole English – Patois
- Spoken in: Grenada

Grenadian Creole French – Patwa
- Spoken in: Grenada

Guaraní – Avañe'ẽ or Javy ju
- Official language in: the Argentinian province of Corrientes
, Bolivia
, and Paraguay 
Guernésiais – Guernésiais
- Spoken in: the British crown dependency of Guernsey

Guianan Creole French – Kriyòl gwiyannen
Guiyang Miao – Hmong
Gujarati – ગુજરાતી
- Official language in: the Indian union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and the Indian state of Gujarat

Gulf Arabic – خليجي ,اللهجة الخليجية
- Spoken in: Bahrain
, Iran
, Iraq
, Kuwait
, Oman
, Qatar
, Saudi Arabia
, and United Arab Emirates 
Gumuz – Bega
- Spoken in: the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

Gun – gungbe
Gurung – तमु क्यी
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Gwich'in – Gwich'in
- Official language in: the Canadian federal territory
of the Northwest Territories
and the American state
of Alaska 
Gyalrong – རྒྱལ་རོང
H
[edit]Hachijō – 島言葉
- Spoken in: Southern Izu Islands and the Daitō Islands, Japan

Hadza – Hazane
- Spoken in: Tanzania

Haida – Xaat Kíl
- Official language in: the Council of the Haida Nation and the US
state of Alaska 
Hainanese – 海南話
Haisla – X̄a'islak̓ala, X̌àh̓isl̩ak̓ala
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Haitian Creole – Kreyòl Ayisyen
Hakha Chin – Laiholh
- Spoken in: Myanmar
, India
and Bangladesh 
Hakka – 客家話, 客家话
- Spoken by: the Hakka people
Halkomelem – Halq̓eméylem, Hul̓q̓umín̓um̓, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓
- Spoken in: Southwestern British Columbia
, Canada
and Northern Washington
, the United States 
Hän – Häł gołan
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Hani – Haqniqdoq
- Spoken in: Laos
, Myanmar
, South China
, and Vietnam 
Harari – ሃራሪ
- Spoken in: the Ethiopian kilil of the Harari Region

Haryanvi – हरयाणवी
Hassaniya Arabic – حسانية
- Official language in: Mali

- Recognised Minority Language in: Morocco
and Senegal 
- Also spoken in: Mauritania
, Western Sahara
, and Algeria 
Hausa – حَوْسَ
- Spoken by: the Hausa people
Hawaiian – ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi
- Official language in: the American state of Hawaii

Hebrew – עברית
Heiltsuk–Oowekyala – Híɫzaqv, ’Wuik̓ala
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Hember Avu – Aregerek, Musar
- Spoken in: Madang Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Herero – Otjiherero
Hidatsa – hiraaciré’
- Spoken in: North Dakota
, Montana
and South Dakota
, the United States 
Hiligaynon – Ilonggo
- Spoken in: the provinces of Iloilo and in Negros Occidental in the Philippines

Hill Mari – Мары йӹлмӹ
- Official language in: Mari El
, Russia 
Himarimã – Hi-Merima
Himba – Omuhimba, Simba
- Spoken in: Gabon

Hindi – हिन्दी
Hindustani – ہندوستانی, हिन्दुस्तानी
Hinuq – гьинузас мец
Hiri Motu – Hiri Motu
Hittite † – 𒌷𒉌𒅆𒇷, nešili
- Formerly spoken in: Anatolia
Hmong – lol Hmongb, lus Hmoob, lug Moob, 𖬌𖬣𖬵
- Spoken in: China
, French Guiana
, Laos
, Thailand
, United States
, Vietnam
, and Australia 
Hmu – hveb Hmub
Ho – 𑢹𑣉𑣉 𑣎𑣋𑣜, हो जगर, ହୋ ଜାଗାର, হো জাগার
Hoia Hoia – Hoyahoya
- Spoken in: Western Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Holikachuk – Doogh Qinag
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Hopi – Hopilàvayi or Hopílavayi
- Spoken in: the northeastern area of the State of Arizona, United States

Hruso – Aka, Angka(e)
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Huasteca Nahuatl – Mexkatl
Huave – Ombeayiiüts, Umbeyajts
Huishui Miao – Mhong
Huizhou – 徽州话
Hungarian – Magyar
- Official language in: Hungary

- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria
, Croatia
, Romania
, Serbia
, Slovakia
, Slovenia
, and Ukraine 
Hungarian Sign Language – Magyar jelnyelv
- Signed in: Hungary

Hunsrik – Hunsrik, Hunsrückisch or Hunsrickisch
- Official language in: the Brazilian municipalities of Antônio Carlos and São João do Oeste in Santa Catarina
, and Santa Maria do Herval in Rio Grande do Sul
, Brazil 
Hunzib – гьонкьос мыц
Hupa – Na꞉tinixwe Mixine꞉wheʼ
- Spoken in: California
, United States 
Hutterite German – Hutterisch
- Spoken by: Hutterites in Canada
and the United States 
Hyam – Jaba
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria

I
[edit]Iban – Jaku Iban
Ibanag – Ybanag, Ibanak
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Ibibio – Usem Ibibio
- Spoken in: Abia State, Akwa Ibom State, Rivers State and Cross River State, Nigeria

Icelandic – Íslenska
Icelandic Sign Language – Íslenskt táknmál
- Signed in: Iceland

Ido – Ido
Igala – Igala
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Igbo – Asụsụ Igbo
Ik – Icetot
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda

Ili Turki – İlı turkeşi, И̇лı туркес̧и, ي̇لي تۋركەسي
- Spoken in: China

Ilocano – Iloko, Pagsasao nga Iloko
- Official language in: the Philippine province of La Union

Ilwana – Kiwilwana
- Spoken in: Tana River District, Kenya

Imperial Aramaic † – 𐡀𐡓𐡌𐡉𐡀
- Formerly spoken in: Ancient Near East
Indonesian – Bahasa Indonesia
Ingrian – ižoran keeli
Ingush – ГӀалгӀай мотт
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Ingushetia

Interlingua – Interlingua
Interlingue (Occidental) – Interlingue
Interslavic – Medžuslovjansky, Меджусловјанскы
Inuinnaqtun – ᐃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓐ
- Official language in: Nunavut
in Canada 
Inuit Sign Language – Atgangmuurngniq, ᐊᑦᒐᖕᒨᕐᖕᓂᖅ or ᐆᒃᑐᕋᐅᓯᖏᑦ
Inuktitut – ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ
- Official language in: the Canadian provinces of the Northwest Territories
and Nunavut
; the Nunavik area of the Canadian province of Quebec
; and the Canada-administrated/Inuit-claimed autonomous area of Nunatsiavut
Inupiaq – Iñupiatun
- Official language in: the American state of Alaska

Iraqi Arabic – اللهجة العراقية
Irish – Gaeilge
- Official language in: the Republic of Ireland

- Recognised Minority Language in: Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Irish Sign Language – Teanga Chomharthaíochta na hÉireann
- Official language in: the Republic of Ireland

Isan – ภาษาลาว, ພາສາລາວ
Isoko – Isoko
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Israeli Sign Language – שפת הסימנים הישראלית
- Signed in: Israel

Isthmus Nahuatl – Mela'tájtol
Isthmus Zapotec – diidxazá
Istriot – Eîstrioto, Lèngua Eîstriota
- Spoken in: Istria County
, Croatia 
Istro-Romanian – Istroromånă
- Recognised Minority Language in: Istria County
, Italy
, Sweden
, Germany
and North America and South America
Italian – Italiano
- Official language in: the Croatian Istria County
, Italy
, San Marino
, the Slovenian region of Slovenian Istria
, Switzerland
, and the Vatican City 
Italian Sign Language – Lingua dei Segni Italiana
- Signed in: Italy
, San Marino
, and Switzerland 
Itelmen – итэнмэн
- Spoken in: Kamchatka Krai
in Russia 
Iu Mien – Iu Mienh
Ivatan – Chirin nu Ibatan
- Spoken in: Batanes, Philippines

Izere – Izarek
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Bauchi State, and Plateau State, Nigeria

Izon – Ịzọn
- Spoken in: Rivers State, Bayelsa State, Delta State, Ondo State, and Edo State, Nigeria

J
[edit]Jalaa † – bàsàrə̀n dà jàlààbè̩
- Formerly spoken in: Nigeria

Jamaican Patois – Patwa
- Spoken in: Jamaica

Jambi Malay – bahaso Jambi, baso Jambi, بهاس جمبي
Jamtlandic – jamska
Japanese – 日本語, 日本語
Japanese Sign Language – 日本手話
- Signed in: Japan

Jarawa – Aongəŋ
Javanese – ꦧꦱꦗꦮ
- Spoken in: the Indonesian islands of Borneo and Java, New Caledonia
, and Suriname 
Jeju – 제줏말, 제주말
- Spoken in: Jeju Province
, South Korea 
Jèrriais – Jèrriais
- Spoken in: the British crown dependency of Jersey
and the British royal fief of Sark 
Jicarilla – Abáachi mizaa
- Spoken in: New Mexico
, the United States 
Jijili – Tanjijili
- Spoken in: Niger State, Nigeria

Jili – Lijili
- Spoken in: Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Jin – 晋语
- Spoken in: Chinese provinces of Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shaanxi; Chinese autonomous region of Inner Mongolia
Jju – Du̱ryem Jju
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria

Judaeo-Georgian – ყივრული
- Spoken in: Georgia
, Israel
, Russia
, Belgium
, and United States 
Judaeo-Spanish – גֿודֿיאו-איספאנייול, Ladino
- Spoken by: the Sephardim Jewish Diaspora

Judeo-Arabic – ערבית יהודית
- Spoken by: Jews
in North Africa and the Fertile Crescent
Judeo-Persian – Fārsi
- Spoken by: Jews
in Iran
and Central Asia
Judeo-Tat – Cuhuri, Жугьури, ז׳אוּהאוּראִ
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan
, Russia
, Israel
and the United States of America 
Jutish – Jydsk
- Spoken in: Denmark

Juǀʼhoan – ǃXun, Ju
K
[edit]Kabardian – Адыгэбзэ
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republics of Kabardino-Balkaria
and Karachay-Cherkessia 
- Spoken also in: Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Germany, United States, Netherlands etc.
Kabiye – kabɩyɛ
Kabyle – ⵜⴰⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉⵜ / ثاقبايليث
- Spoken in: Algeria

Kachin – ဈိာင်ဖေါစ်
- Spoken in: Official in Kachin State and Yingjiang County; Myanmar
, China
, India 
Kaingang – Kanhgág
- Spoken in: Brazil

Kaitag – хайдакьан кув
Kaixana – Kawishana, Cawishana
- Spoken in: Brazil

Kalau Lagau Ya – Mabuiag
- Spoken in: Western and Central Torres Strait Islands, Queensland
, Australia 
Kalenjin – Kalenjin
Kalmyk – хальмг келн
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Kalmykia

Kamba – Kikamba
Kanembu – كَنٜݦُ
- Spoken in: Chad

Kangri – 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚌𑚪𑚯, कांगड़ी
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, India

Kannada – ಕನ್ನಡ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Karnataka

Kansa † – Káⁿza
- Formerly spoken in: Kansas
and Oklahoma
, the United States 
Kanuri – Kanuri
Kapampangan – Kapampangan
- Spoken in: Pampanga, Philippines

Kaqchikel – Kaqchikel Chʼabʼäl
- Spoken in: Guatemala

Karachay-Balkar – къарачай-малкъар тил, qaraçay-malqar til
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republics of Kabardino-Balkaria
and Karachay-Cherkessia 
- Also spoken in: Turkey

Karaim – къарай тили
- Recognised Minority Language in: Poland
, Ukraine
and Russia 
Karakalpak – Қарақалпақ тили, Qaraqalpaq tili
- Official language in: the Uzbek autonomous republic of Karakalpakstan

Karakhanid † – Türki, Türkçe
- Formerly spoken in: Kara-Khanid Khanate
Karamojong – ŋaKaramojoŋ or ŋaKarimojoŋ
- Spoken in: the Moroto District, Karamoja Sub-Region, Northern Region, Republic of Uganda

Karata – К̄ӀирлӀе мац̄Ӏи
Karbi – Arlêng
- Spoken in: Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh, India

Karelian – Karjalan Kieli
- Recognised Minority Language in: Finland
and the Russian autonomous republic of Karelia 
Karen – ကညီကျိာ်
- Spoken in: Karen State, Myanmar
and Thailand 
Karenni – ꤊꤢꤛꤢ꤭ ꤜꤟꤤ꤬
- Spoken in: Karenni State, Myanmar
, Thailand
, United States 
Karian – Bilakura
- Spoken in: Madang Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Karipuna † – Jaũn Àvo
Kashmiri – كٲشُر, कॉशुर, Kạ̄šur, Koshur
Kashubian – Kaszëbsczi Jãzëk
- Official language in: Some communes in the Polish voivodeship of Pomerania

Kaska – Dene Zágéʼ
- Spoken in: Canada

Kassonke – Xaasongaxango
Kaurna – Kaurna Warra
- Spoken in: South Australia
, Australia 
Kawésqar – Kawésqar, Qawasqar
- Spoken in: Chile

Kawi † – ᬚᬯ
Kaytetye – Kaititj, Gaididj, Kaiditj, Kaytej
- Spoken in: Northern Territory
, Australia 
Kazakh – Қазақ Tілі
- Official language in: Kazakhstan
and the Russian autonomous republic of the Altai Republic 
Kedah Malay – بهاس ملايو قدح, ภาษามลายูไทรบุรี, Pelat Utagha
Kelantanese Malay – بهاس ملايو كلنتن or Baso Kelate
Kendeje – Kendeje
- Spoken in: Ouaddaï Region, Republic of Chad

Kenyah – Bakung
Keoru-Ahia – Keuru, Keoru, Kouri, Ahia
- Spoken in: Gulf Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Keres – ?
- Spoken in: New Mexico
, the United States 
Ket – Остыганна ӄа'
- Spoken in: the middle Yenisei basin in Krasnoyarsk Krai
in Russia 
Khakas – Хакас Tілі
Khalaj – خلج
- Spoken in: Iran

Khaling – खालिङ
- Spoken in: Solukhumbu and Khotang districts, Nepal

Khanty – ханты
- Spoken in: Khanty-Mansi
, Yamalo-Nenets
and Tomsk Oblast
in Russia 
Kharia – खड़िया, ଖଡ଼ିଆ
Khasi – Ka Ktien Khasi, ক ক্ত্যেন খসি
Khetrani – ?
- Spoken in: Balochistan
, Pakistan 
Khinalug – каьтш мицI, kätš micʼ
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan

Khmer – ភាសាខ្មែរ
Khmu – Kmhmu
Khoekhoe – Khoekhoegowab
Khorasani Turkic – خراسان تركچیسی
- Spoken in: North Khorasan Province, Iran

Khortha – खोरठा
Khowar – کھوار
Khwarshi – аᴴкьи́зас мыц
Kʼicheʼ – Qatzijobʼal
Kichwa – Kichwa Shimi, Runa Shimi
Kickapoo – Metotheeneniaatoweeheni
- Spoken in: the United States
and Mexico 
Kiga – Orukiga
Kimbundu – Kimbundu
Kimki – Sukubatom
- Spoken in: Indonesia

Kinaray-a – Kinaray-a
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Kinnauri – 𑚊𑚝𑚦𑚤𑚮𑚎𑚨𑚶𑚊𑚛, Kanawaringskad, ཀནབརིངསྐད
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India

Kinyarwanda – Ikinyarwanda or Runyarwanda
Kiowa – Ǥáuiđòᵰ꞉gyà, [Gáuiđòñ꞉gyà
- Spoken in: Oklahoma
, the United States 
Kishtwari – کشتواڑی, किश्तवाड़ी
- Spoken in: Jammu and Kashmir, India

Kituba – Monokutuba, Munukutuba, Kituba, Kikongo ya leta
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
and the Republic of the Congo 
Klallam † – nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əmúcən
- Formerly spoken in: Washington
, the United States 
Klingon – tlhIngan Hol,
- Constructed language spoken by a fictional alien race called the Klingons in the Star Trek universe

Kodava – ಕೊಡವ ತಕ್ಕ್ கூடகு எழுத்து
Kohistani – کوستَیں
- Spoken in: Pakistan

Kohistani Shina – ݜݨیاٗ کستِین٘و زبان ,ݜݨیاٗ زبان
- Spoken in: Pakistan

Kokborok – ককবরক
Komering – Basa Kumoring, باس كوموريڠ
- Spoken in: South Sumatra
, Indonesia 
Komi – Коми
Komi-Permyak – коми-пермяцкӧй кыв
- Spoken in: Perm Krai
and Kirov Oblast
, Russia 
Kongo – Kikongo
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
, Angola
, the Republic of the Congo
and Gabon 
Konjo – Olhukonzo, Lhukonzo, Olukonzo, Konzo
- Spoken in: Uganda
and the Democratic Republic of the Congo 
Konkani – कोंकणी, Konknni, കൊങ്കണി, ಕೊಂಕಣಿ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Goa

Konkomba – Likpakpaanl
Korean – 한국어, 조선말
- Official language in: North Korea
, South Korea
, and the Chinese autonomous prefecture of Yanbian 
Korean Sign Language – 한국 수화 언어
Koro – Koro-Aka
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Korop – Durop
- Spoken in: Cross River State, Nigeria

Koryak – нымылан
Kosraean – Kosrae
- Official language in: Kosrae
in Micronesia 
Kotava – Kotava
Koyukon – Denaakkenaageʼ, Denaakkʼe, Dinaak̲'a
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Kpelle – Kpɛlɛwoo
- Spoken in: Liberia
, Guinea
and Ivory Coast 
Kposo – Ikpɔsɔ
Krio – Krio
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone

Krio Dayak – Kereho
- Spoken in: West Kalimantan
, Indonesia 
Krymchak – кърымчах тыльы
Kryts – кърыцIаь мез, ġrəċä mez, qryc’ä mez
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan

Kuanua – Tinata Tuna
- Spoken in: East New Britain Province
in Papua New Guinea 
Kuliak – Rub
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda

Kulino – Kulina Pano
Kumaoni – कुमाऊँनी
- Spoken in: Uttarakhand, India
and Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal 
Kumeyaay – Kumiai
- Spoken in: California
, the United States
and Baja California
, Mexico 
Kumyk – Къумукъ Tил
- Official language in: the Russian autonomous republic of Dagestan

Kunama – Baada, Baazayn, Diila
Kurdish – Kurdí, کوردی, or K’öрди
- Official language in: Iraq
, Turkey
, Iran
, Syria
and Armenia 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Germany

Kurdish (Southern) – کوردی خوارین, Kurdîy Xwarîn
Kurmali – কুড়মালি, কুর্মালী, कुड़मालि, कुरमालि, କୁଡ଼ମାଲି, पंचपरगनिया, পঞ্চপরগনিয়া
- Official language in: Jharkhand and West Bengal, India

Kurmanji – Kurmancî, کورمانجی
Kurukh – कुँड़ुख़, কুড়ুখ্, କୁଡ଼ୁଖ୍
- Spoken in: India
, Bangladesh
and Nepal 
Kusaal – Kʋsaal
- Spoken in: Ghana
, Burkina Faso
, and Togo 
Kusunda – Gemehaq gipan
- Spoken in: Nepal

Kutchi – کچھی or કચ્છી
Kutenai – Ktunaxa
- Spoken in: the United States
and Canada 
Kwadi † – ǃKwaǀtse
- Formerly spoken in: Angola

Kwakʼwala – Kwak̓wala
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Kwaraqae – Fiu
- Spoken in: Malaita, Solomon Islands

Kwaza – Tsẽtsitswa
Kyrgyz – Кыргыз тили
- Official language in: Kyrgyzstan
and the Russian autonomous republic of the Altai Republic 
L
[edit]Laal – yəw láà:l
- Spoken in: Chad

Laarim – Narim
- Spoken in: South Sudan

Ladakhi – ལ་དྭགས་སྐད།
Ladin – Ladin
- Spoken in: Italy

Lahu – Ladhof
- Official language in: Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Yunnan, China

- Also spoken in: Thailand
, Laos
and Myanmar 
Lak – лакку маз
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Lakha – ལ་ཁ་
- Spoken in: Wangdue Phodrang
and Trongsa 
Laki – لەکی, Lekî
Lakota – Lakȟótiyapi
- Spoken by: the Lakota people

Lama – Lamba
Lamba – Ichilamba
- Spoken in: Zambia
and the Democratic Republic of the Congo 
Lao – ພາສາລາວ
Lapaguía Zapotec – ?
Lasi – لاسی
Latgalian – latgalīšu volūda
- Spoken in: Latvia

Latin – Lingua Latīna
- Official language in the Vatican City

- Formerly spoken in the Roman Republic, Roman Empire, and in legal court
Latvian – latviešu
Latvian Sign Language – Latviešu zīmju valoda
- Signed in: Latvia

Laz – ლაზური ნენა
Leizhou Min – 雷州话, 雷州話
- Spoken in: Leizhou Peninsula in southwestern Guangdong, China

Lenakel – Netvaar
- Spoken in: Tanna Island, Vanuatu

Leonese – Llïonés
Lepcha – ᰛᰩᰵ་ᰛᰧᰶᰵ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Levantine Arabic – شامي
Lezgian – лезги чӏал
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Lhokpu – Lhobikha
- Spoken in: southwest Bhutan

Liberian Kreyol – Kolokwa, Kreyol
- Spoken in: Liberia

Ligurian – lìgure, zeneize
- Official language in: Liguria
, Italy
and Monaco 
Lillooet – St̓át̓imcets, Sƛ̓aƛ̓imxǝc, Ucwalmícwts, Lil̓wat7úlmec
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Limbu – ᤕᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Limburgish – Lèmburgs
- Official language in: the Netherlands

Lingala – Lingála
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
and the Republic of the Congo 
Lingua Franca Nova – lingua franca nova
Lipo – Lolopo, Lolongo
- Spoken in: China

Lish – Lishpa, Khispi
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India

Lisu – ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴ or ꓡꓲꓢꓴ
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous prefecture of Nujiang Lisu
and the Chinese autonomous county of Weixi Lisu 
Lithuanian – Lietuvių
Lithuanian Sign Language – Lietuvių gestų kalba
- Signed in: Lithuania

Livonian – Līvõ Kēļ or Rāndakēļ
- Spoken in: Latvia

Livvi-Karelian – Livvi
- Recognised Minority Language in: Finland
and Karelia
, Russia 
Lojban – la .lojban.
- A logical constructed language

Lolopo – Loxrlavu
- Spoken in: China

Loma – Lɔ̀ɔ̀màgòòi, Löömàgòòi, Löghömàgòòi
Lombard – lombard, lumbard, lumbart, lombart
Louisiana Creole – Kouri-Vini, Kréyòl Lalwizyann
- Spoken in: Louisiana
, United States 
Low German – Plattdüütsch
- Spoken in: Denmark
, Germany
, and the Netherlands 
Lower Sorbian – Dolnoserbski
- Spoken in: the State of Brandenburg
in Germany 
Lower Tanana – Menhti Kenaga
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Lozi – Rozi, Silozi
Luba-Kasai – Tshiluba
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Luba-Katanga – Kiluba
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Lucumí – Lucumí
Ludic – Luudi, Lyydi or lüüdi
- Spoken in: Republic of Karelia
, Russia 
Luganda – Luganda, LùGáànda, Oluganda
- Spoken in: Uganda

Luhya – Oluluhya
- Spoken in: Kenya

Luiseño – Cham'teela
- Spoken in: the southern area of the State of California, United States

Lunda – Chilunda
- Spoken in: Zambia
, Angola
and the Democratic Republic of the Congo 
Luo – Kavirondo or Dholuo
Luobohe Miao – A-Hmyo, Ā-hmiò
Luri – لری or Lori
- Spoken in: Iran
, Iraq
, Kuwait
, Oman
, and the United Arab Emirates 
Lushootseed – dxʷləšucid, txʷəlšucid, xʷəlšucid
- Spoken in: northwestern Washington
, the United States 
Luxembourgish – Lëtzebuergesch
- Official language in: Luxembourg

- Recognised Minority Language in: the Belgian community of the French Community of Belgium

M
[edit]Maasai – ɔl Maa
- Spoken by: the Kenyan/Tanzanian Maasai people

Macedonian – Mакедонски
- Official language in: North Macedonia

- Recognised Minority Language in: Albania
, Romania
, and Serbia 
Macedonian Sign Language – македонски знаковен јазик, makedonski znakoven jazik
- Signed in: North Macedonia

Maʼdi – Maʼdi ti
- Spoken in: Uganda
and South Sudan 
Madí – Jamamadí
Madurese – Basa Mathura
- Official language in: East Java
in Indonesia 
Magahi – मगही
Magar – मगर भाषा
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Magar Kham – मगर ढुट
- Spoken in: Nepal

Maguindanao – Maguindanao
- Spoken in: Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur, Philippines

Maharashtri Prakrit † – 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁆𑀭𑀻, 𑘦𑘮𑘰𑘨𑘰𑘬𑘿𑘘𑘿𑘨𑘲
- Formerly spoken in: Maharashtra, India

Maithili – मैथिली, মৈথিলী
- Official language in: the Indian state of Bihar
and Nepal 
Makasae – Makasai
- Spoken in: East Timor

Makassarese – Basa Mangkasara', ᨅᨔ ᨆᨀᨔᨑ
- Spoken in: the southern tip of the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi

Makhuwa – Emakuana
- Spoken in: northern Mozambique
and southern Tanzania 
Malagasy – Malagasy
Malay – بهاس ملايو or Bahasa Melayu
- Official language in: Brunei
, Indonesia
, Malaysia
, and Singapore 
Malayalam – മലയാളം
- Official language in: the Indian state of Kerala and the Indian territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry

Maliseet-Passamaquoddy – skicinuwatuwewakon
- Spoken in: Canada
and the United States 
Maltese – Malti
Maltese Sign Language – Lingwa tas-Sinjali Maltija
- Signed in: Malta

Mam – Qyool Mam, Ta yol Mam
Manchu – ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ
- Spoken by: the Manchu people

Mandan † – Nų́ų́ʔetaa íroo
- Formerly spoken in: the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota
, the United States 
Mandar – Mandar
Mandarin – 國語
- Spoken in: Most of China

Mandinka – Mandinka kaŋo
- Spoken in: Senegal
, The Gambia
and Guinea-Bissau 
Mangareva – te reo magareva
- Spoken in: Gambier Islands
in French Polynesia 
Maninka – Maninkakan, ߡߊ߬ߣߌ߲߬ߞߊ߬ߞߊ߲
- Official language in: Guinea
and Mali 
Mansi – ма̄ньси/ма̄ньщи
- Spoken: along the Ob River and its tributaries, in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug
, and Sverdlovsk Oblast in Russia 
Manx – Gaelg
- Official language in: the Isle of Man

Māori – te Reo Māori
Mapuche – Mapudungun
- Official language in: the communes of Galvarino, Padre Las Casas and Temuco in Chile

Maranao – Basa a Mëranaw, باسا أ مراناو
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Marathi – मराठी
- Official language in: the Indian state of Maharashtra and the Indian territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli

Mari – марий йылме
- Official language in: Mari El
, Russia 
Marquesan (North) – Èo ènana
- Spoken in: Marquesas Islands
in French Polynesia 
Marquesan (South) – Èo ènata
- Spoken in: Marquesas Islands
in French Polynesia 
Marrithiyel – Berringen
- Spoken in: Northern Territory
, Australia 
Marshallese – Ebon, Kajin M̧ajeļ, Kajin Majõl
- Official language in: the Marshall Islands

Marwari – मारवाड़ी, مارواڑی
Masalit – kana masara
- Spoken in: Dar Masalit, Darfur, Republic of the Sudan

Mator † – Motor
- Formerly spoken in: the northern Sayan Mountains, Russia

Mauritian Creole – kreol morisien, morisien
Mayo – Caíta
Mazanderani – مازِرونی
- Spoken in: Mazandaran Province, Iran

Mbuk – Mboko
- Spoken in: Cameroon

Mbuun – Mpuun
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Meadow Mari – олык марий
- Official language in: Mari El
, Russia 
Megleno-Romanian – vlăhește
- Spoken in: Greece
, North Macedonia
, Romania
, Turkey
and Serbia 
Meitei – ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ, মনিপুরি, মৈতৈলোল্, মৈতৈলোন্, মৈথৈ
- Official language in: the Indian state of Manipur

Mende – Mɛnde yia, 𞠗𞢱 𞡓𞠣
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone
, Liberia
and Guinea 
Menominee – omǣqnomenēweqnæsewen
- Spoken in: Northeastern Wisconsin
, the United States 
Meriam Mir – Meriam Mir
- Spoken in: Eastern Torres Strait Islands, Queensland
, Australia 
Miami-Illinois – Myaamia
- Spoken in: the Illinois Confederation

Michoacán Nahuatl – Pómaro Nahuatl
- Spoken in: Mexico

Middle Armenian † – Հայերէն
- Formerly spoken in: the Armenian highlands and Cilicia
Middle Dutch † – dietsc, duutsch
- Formerly spoken in: the Low Countries
Middle English † – Englisch, English, Inglis
- Formerly spoken in: the British Isles
Middle French † – françois, franceis
- Formerly spoken in: France

Middle High German † – diutsch, tiutsch
- Formerly spoken in: Germany
, Austria
and parts of Switzerland 
Middle Irish † – Gaoidhealg
- Formerly spoken in: Ireland
, Scotland
and the Isle of Man 
Middle Korean † – 中世韓國語
- Formerly spoken in: Korea

Middle Low German † – Sassisch, Dǖdisch, Nedderlendisch, Ôstersch, sassesche sprâke/sassche sprake, nedderlendische sprâke/nederlendesche sprake
- Formerly spoken in: Northern Central Europe

Middle Norwegian † – nornskt mál
- Formerly spoken in: Norway

Miju – Miju, Kùmán
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Mi'kmaq – Miꞌkmawiꞌsimk
- Official language in: Nova Scotia
, Canada 
- Recognised Minority Language in: New Brunswick
and Prince Edward Island
, Canada 
Min – 閩語 or 闽语
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China

Min Bei – 闽北语
- Spoken in: the Chinese prefecture-level city of Nanping

Min Dong – 閩東語
- Spoken in: the Chinese prefecture-level cities of Fuzhou and Ningde

Min Nan – 閩南語 or 闽南语
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China

Min Zhong – 闽中话
- Spoken in: the southeastern area of China

Minangkabau – Baso Minangkabau, بهاس منڠكربو
- Spoken in: West Sumatra
, Indonesia 
Mingrelian – მარგალური ნინა
Mirandese – mirandés, lhéngua mirandesa, léngua mirandesa
- Spoken in: Portugal

Miraya Bikol – Miraya
- Spoken in: Daraga, Albay, the Philippines

Miskito – Miskitu
- Official language in: North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
and South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
in Nicaragua 
Mizo – Mizo ṭawng or Duhlián ṭawng
Mòcheno – Bersntolerisch, Bersntoler sproch
Mohawk – Kanienʼkéha
- Spoken in: the United States
and Canada 
Mohegan-Pequot † – Mohiks-Piqut Uyôtowáwôk
- Formerly spoken in: Southern New England and Eastern Long Island, the United States

Mokati – Wanambre
- Spoken in: Madang Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Moksha – мокшень кяль
Mol – Alatil
- Spoken in: Sandaun Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Moldovan – молдовеняскэ, moldovenească
- Official language in: Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic

- Recognised Minority Language in: Ukraine

- Note: the Moldovan language is actually identical to the Romanian language, being one of the two local names for the Romanian language in Moldova
(See Moldovenism for further details)
Mon – ဘာသာ မန်
- Spoken in: the Myanma delta of the Irrawaddy River

Mongo – Lomongo
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Mongolian – Монгол Хэл, ᠮᠣᠨᠭᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous region of Inner Mongolia
and Mongolia 
Mongolian Sign Language – Монгол дохионы хэл
- Signed in: Mongolia

Monguor – moŋɡuer
Montagnais – Innu-aimun
Montenegrin – crnogorski, црногорски
- Official language in: Montenegro

- Recognised Minority Language in: Albania
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
, and the Serbian municipality of Mali Iđoš in the autonomous region of Vojvodina 
Mor – Mor
- Spoken in: West Papua, Indonesia

Moriori † – Ta Rē Moriori
- Formerly spoken in: Chatham Islands
, New Zealand 
Moroccan Arabic – العربية المغربية الدارجة
- Spoken in: Morocco

Mossi – Mòoré
Motu – Motu
- Spoken in: Central Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Mozabite – تونژابت, Tumẓabt, ⵜⵓⵎⵥⴰⴱⵜ
- Spoken in: Algeria

Mozarabic † – مُزَرَب
- Formerly spoken in: Al-Andalus (modern-day Spain
and Portugal
)
Mru – 𖩃𖩓𖩑
- Spoken in: Bangladesh
and Myanmar 
Mundari – मुंडारी, মুন্ডারি, ମୁଣ୍ଡାରୀ, 𞓧𞓟𞓨𞓜𞓕𞓣𞓚
Mường – thiểng Mường
- Spoken in: Northwestern Vietnam

Muscogee Creek – Mvskoke, Mvskokē
Musgu – Mulwi
Muskum † – Muzuk
- Formerly spoken in: Chad

Mussau-Emira – Mussau-Emira
- Spoken in: Mussau Island of St Matthias Islands
and Emira Island
part of Papua New Guinea 
N
[edit]N'Ko – ߒߞߏ
- Spoken in: West Africa

Nagumi † – Gong or Ngong
- Formerly spoken in: Cameroon

Nahuatl – Māsēwallahtōlli, Mexicano, or Nāhuatlahtōlli
Nanai – на̄най, на̄ни
Naskapi – ᓇᔅᑲᐱ, ᐃᔪᐤ ᐃᔨᒧᐅᓐ
Naukan Yupik – Нывуӄаӷмистун
- Spoken in: Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
, Russia 
Nauruan – Dorerin Naoero, Ekaiairũ Naoero
Navajo – Diné bizaad
- Spoken on the Navajo Nation

Naxi – Naqxi geezheeq
- Official language in: Yulong Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan province, China

Ndau – chiNdau
Ndyuka –
- Spoken in: French Guiana
and Suriname 
Neapolitan – napulitano
Negerhollands † – Negerhollands
- Formerly spoken in: US Virgin Islands

Nenets – ненэця’ вада, нешаӈ вата
- Spoken in: Nenets Autonomous Okrug
and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
, Russia 
Neo-Mandaic – Mandɔyí
- Spoken in: Iran

Nepal Bhasa – नेपाल भाषा
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim
and Nepal 
Nepali – नेपाली
- Official language in: the Indian district of the Darjeeling district
, the Indian state of Sikkim
, and Nepal 
Nete – Nete, Bisorio, Malamauda, Iniai
- Spoken in: East Sepik Province
, Papua New Guinea 
New Zealand Sign Language – Sign Language
Ngaanyatjarra – Ngaanyatjarra
- Spoken in: Warburton, Western Australia
in Australia 
Ngaju – Ngaju
- Spoken in: Central Kalimantan
, Indonesia 
Nganasan – ня” сиәде
- Spoken in: Taymyr Autonomous Okrug
, Krasnoyarsk Krai
, Russia 
Ngbaka – Ngbaka
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ngbee † – Lingbee
- Formerly spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ngizim – Ngizmawa, Ngezzim, Ngódṣin
- Spoken in: Yobe State, Nigeria

Ngyian – Nghan
- Spoken in: Kaduna State, Nigeria

Nhanda – Nanda, Nhanta, Nhandi
- Spoken in: the Mid West region of Western Australia
in Australia 
Nheengatu – nhẽẽgatú, yẽgatu, nheẽgatu
- Official language in: the Brazilian municipalities of São Gabriel da Cachoeira in Amazonas
and Monsenhor Tabosa in Ceará 
Nias – Li Niha
- Spoken in: Nias and Batu Islands in Indonesia

Nigerian Pidgin – Naijá
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Nihali – निहाली
- Spoken in: Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra in India

Nisga'a – Nisg̱a’a, nisqáʔamq
- Spoken in: Northwest British Columbia
, Canada 
Niuean – ko e vagahau Niuē
- Official language in: Niue
, New Zealand 
Nivkh – нивх диф, нивх туғс
- Spoken in: Khabarovsk Krai
and Sakhalin Oblast
, Russia 
Noakhali – নোয়াখাইল্লা
- Spoken in: Noakhali District in Chittagong Division, Bangladesh
and the southern area of Tripura, India 
Nobiin – Nòbíín, Ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲓⲛ, نُـٰوبين
Nogai – ногай тили, nogay tili
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
and the Karachay-Cherkess Republic
in Russia 
Noongar – Nyungar
- Spoken in: Western Australia
, Australia 
Norfuk – Norfuk, Norf'k
Norman – Normaund
North Straits Salish – xʷsenəčqən
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada
and Washington
, the United States 
Northern Khmer – เขมรถิ่นไทย
Northern Ndebele – isiNdebele
Northern Qiang – Rrmearr
Northern Sotho – Sesotho sa Leboa
Northern Thai – ᨣᩴᩤᨾᩮᩥᩬᨦ
- Spoken in: the northern area of Thailand
, and some other parts of Southeast Asia
Northern Yukaghir – Вадул аруу
- Spoken in: Sakha Republic
, Russia 
Northwestern Otomi – Ñäñho
Norwegian – Norsk
Norwegian Sign Language – norsk tegnspråk, norsk teiknspråk
- Signed in: Norway

Nottoway – Cheroenhaka
- Spoken in: Virginia
in the United States 
Novial – novial
Nuer – Thok Naath
- Spoken in: South Sudan
and Gambela Region
, Ethiopia 
Nung – Nùng
Nuosu/Yi – ꆈꌠ꒿
- Spoken in: China

Nupe – Nupe
- Spoken in: Nigeria

Nuu-chah-nulth – nuučaan̓uɫ
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Nuxalk – ItNuxalkmc
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Nyamwezi – Nyamwezi
- Spoken in: Tanzania

Nyangia – Nyang'i
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda

Nyankore – Orunyankore
- Spoken in: Uganda

Nyoro – Orunyoro
- Spoken in: Uganda

Nzema – Nzema
- Spoken in: Ghana
and Ivory Coast 
Nǁng – Nǁŋǃke
- Spoken in: South Africa

O
[edit]Obolo – Andoni
- Spoken in: Rivers State and Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Occitan – Occitan
- Official language in: the Spanish comarca of Val d'Aran

Ọchịchị † – Oʼchiʼchiʼ
- Formerly spoken in: Rivers State, Nigeria

Odia – ଓଡ଼ିଆ
- Official language in: the Indian states of Jharkhand and Odisha

Ogiek – Okiek, Akiek
Oirat – ᡆᡕᡅᠷᠠᡑ ᡘᡄᠯᡄᠨ
Oirata – Maaro
- Spoken in: Indonesia

Ojibwe – ᐊᓂᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ
- Spoken by: the Ojibwe people
Oji-Cree – ᐊᓂᔑᓂᓂᒧᐏᐣ
- Spoken by: the Oji-Cree people
Okanagan – n̓səl̓xčin̓, n̓syil̓xčn̓
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada
and Washington
, the United States 
Okinawan Japanese – ウチナーヤマトゥグチ
Okinawan (Ryukyuan) – ウチナーグチ
- Spoken in: Okinawa Prefecture
, Japan 
Old Aramaic † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: the Fertile Crescent
Old Church Slavonic † – Словѣ́ньскъ Ѩзꙑ́къ, ⰔⰎⰀⰂⰑⰐⰊⰍ
- Formerly spoken in: Eastern Europe
Old Dutch † – thiudisc
- Formerly spoken in: the Low Countries
Old English † – Anglisc, Ænglisc, Englisc, or ᚫᛝᛚᛁᛋᚻ
Old French † – Franceis, François, Romanz
Old Frisian † – Frīsesk
- Formerly spoken in: the Netherlands
, Germany
and the Region of Southern Denmark 
Old Georgian † – ႤႬႠჂ ႵႠႰႧႭჃႪႨ
- Formerly spoken in: Georgia

Old High German † – diutisk
- Formerly spoken in: Central Europe
Old Irish † – Goídelc, ᚌᚑᚔᚇᚓᚂᚉ
- Formerly spoken in: the British Isles
Old Japanese † – 上代日本語, 大和言葉
- Formerly spoken in: Japan

Old Korean † – Silla(n)
- Formerly spoken in: southern and central areas of Korea

Old Norse † – dǫnsk tunga, norrǿnt mál
- Formerly spoken in: Northern Europe
Old Occitan † – romans, proensals
- Formerly spoken in: Southern France

Old Persian † – 𐎠𐎼𐎹, Ariya
- Formerly spoken in: Iran

Old Prussian † – Prūsiskai
- Formerly spoken in: Prussia

Old Saxon † – Sahsisk
- Formerly spoken in: Northwest Germany
, Northeast Netherlands
and Southern Denmark 
Old Spanish † – roman, romançe, romaz
- Formerly spoken in: the Crown of Castile
, Spain 
Old Sundanese † – ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ ᮘᮥᮠᮥᮔ᮪
- Formerly spoken in: Sunda Kingdom
Old Tupi † – abáñe'enga
- Formerly spoken in: the Coastline of Brazil

Old Udi † – 𐕒𐕡𐔳𐔼𐕎 𐕌𐕒𐕡𐔵
- Formerly spoken in: Caucasian Albania
Omotik † – Laamoot
- Formerly spoken in: Great Rift Valley, Kenya

Oneida – Onʌyotaʔa꞉ka
- Spoken in: Canada
and the United States 
Onge – Öñge
- Spoken in: Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Ongota – Birale
- Spoken in: South Omo Zone, South Ethiopia Regional State
, Ethiopia 
Onondaga – Onǫdaʼgegáʼ, Onoñdaʼgegáʼ nigaweñoʼdeñʼ
- Spoken in: Canada
and the United States 
Ontong Java – Luangiua
- Spoken in: Ontong Java Atoll, Solomon Islands

Oʼodham – ʼOʼodham ha-ñeʼokĭ, ʼOʼodham ñiʼokĭ, Oʼodham ñiok
- Official language in: Mexico

- Also spoken in: the United States

Ormuri – اورموړی
- Spoken in: South Waziristan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
, Pakistan 
Oroch – Орочи кэсэни
- Spoken in: Khabarovsk Krai
, Russia 
Orok – ульта
- Spoken in: Sakhalin Oblast
, Russia 
Oromo – Afaan Oromoo
Osage † – 𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷 𐒻𐒷, Wažáže ie
- Formerly spoken in: Oklahoma
, the United States 
Ossetian – иронау, ирон ӕвзаг
- Spoken in: North Ossetia
and South Ossetia 
Otomi – Hñähñu(?)
- Spoken in: the Mexican states of México
, Puebla
, Veracruz
, Hidalgo
, Guanajuato
, Querétaro
, Tlaxcala
, and Michoacán 
Ottoman Turkish † – لسان عثمانی
- Formerly an official language in: the Ottoman Empire

Ovambo – Oshiwambo
Oy – Oi, The
- Spoken in: Attapeu province, Laos

P
[edit]Páez – Nasa Yuwe
- Spoken in: Colombia

Pahari – पहाड़ी
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Sikkim, Uttarakhand
, and West Bengal; Nepal
, the Pakistani state of Azad Kashmir
, and Greater Tibet 
Pahlavi † – 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪 ,𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐, 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐
- Formerly spoken in: Iran

Paipai – Akwa'ala
- Spoken in: Mexico

Paiwan – Vinuculjan, Pinayuanan
Palauan – a tekoi er a Belau
Palenquero – Palenquero
- Spoken in: San Basilio de Palenque, Bolívar Department
, Colombia 
Pali – 𑀧𑀸𑀮𑀺, 𐨤𐨫𐨁, បាលី, ပါဠိ, ᨷᩤᩊᩦ, บาลี, පාලි, पालि, Pāḷi
- The Pali language is a liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism

Palikúr – Pa'ikwené, Pa'ikwaki
- Spoken in: Brazil
and French Guiana 
Palula – پالُولا
Pamona – Poso, Bare’e
- Spoken in: Central
and South Sulawesi
, Indonesia 
Panará – panãra pẽẽ
- Spoken in: Mato Grosso
, Brazil 
Panare – Eʼñapa Woromaipu
Panawa – Bujiyel
- Spoken in: Toro, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Pandan Bikol – Pandanon
- Spoken in: Catanduanes, Philippines

Pangasinan – Pangasinan
- Spoken in: Pangasinan, Philippines

Pannonian Rusyn – Руски язик
- Official language in: The Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina

Pa'O – ပအိုဝ်ႏ
Papiamento – Papiamentu
- Official language in: Aruba
, Bonaire
and Curaçao 
Papua New Guinean Sign Language – Sign Language
Para – Jaijairai
Paratió † – Prakió
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil

Paresi – Haliti-Paresi, Paresi-Haliti
- Spoken in: Mato Grosso
, Brazil 
Parkari Koli – پارکری کولی
- Spoken in: Tharparkar, Pakistan

Parya – Парья
- Spoken in: Afghanistan
, Tajikistan
and Uzbekistan 
Pashto – پښتو
Pataxó-Hãhãhãe † – Hahaháy, Pataxó, Hãhãhãe
- Formerly spoken in: Minas Gerais
and Bahia
, Brazil 
Pattani Malay – بهاس جاوي, Bahasa Jawi, or ภาษายาวี
Pazeh – Pazih, Pazéh, Kaxabu
- Spoken in: Taiwan

Pennsylvania German – Pennsilfaanisch Deitsch
- Spoken by: the Pennsylvania German people in the United States
and Canada 
Persian – فارسی
- Official language in: Afghanistan
, Iran
, and Tajikistan 
Phoenician † – 𐤃𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤌 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍𐤉𐤌
- Formerly spoken in: the Near East
Piapoco – Cháse
Picard – picard
Pichinglis – Pichi
- Spoken in: Bioko, Equatorial Guinea

Piedmontese – piemontèis
Pijin – Pijin
- Spoken in: Solomon Islands

Piman – Tepiman
- Spoken in: the State of Arizona, United States
and the Free and Sovereign State of Durango, United Mexican States 
Pinghua – 平话
Pintupi-Luritja – Pintupi-Luritja
- Spoken in: Western Australia
and Northern Territory
, Australia 
Pipil – Náhuat or Nawat
- Spoken in: the Salvadoran cities of San Salvador
and Sonsonate; and the Salvadoran department of La Libertad 
Pirahã – xapaitíiso
Pitjantjatjara – Pitjantjatjara
- Spoken in: the northwestern area of the Australian state of South Australia

Pitkern – Pitkern
- Official language in: the Pitcairn Islands
, the United Kingdom 
Plautdietsch – Plautdietsch
- Spoken in: Eastern Europe, with some scattered speakers in the Americas
Pohnpeian – Mahsen en Pohnpei, Lokaiahn Pohnpei
Polish – Język polski, polski, or polszczyzna
- Official language in: Poland

- Recognised Minority Language in: the Czech Republic
, Romania
, Slovakia
, and Ukraine 
Polish Sign Language – Polski Język Migowy
- Signed in: Poland

Pontic Greek – ποντιακά, ρωμαίικα
Popoloca – Popoloca
Portuguese – Português
- Official language in: Angola
, Brazil
, Cape Verde
, East Timor
, Equatorial Guinea
, Guinea-Bissau
, Macau
, Mozambique
, Portugal
, and São Tomé and Príncipe 
Portuguese Sign Language – Língua gestual portuguesa
- Signed in: Portugal

Potawatomi – bodwéwadmimwen
- Spoken in: the United States
and Canada 
Powhatan † – Kikitowämak
- Formerly spoken in: Virginia
and Maryland
, the United States 
Pukapukan – Te Leo Wale
Punjabi – पंजाबी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, or پنجابی
- Official language in: the Indian Union territory of Delhi
; and the Indian states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and West Bengal 
- Majority spoken language in: Pakistan and mostly in the province of Punjab

Purépecha – Pʼurhépecha
Puroik – pɯh˧˩ ɣut˥
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India
and Lhünzê County in Tibet, China 
Pu-Xian Min – 興化話 or 莆仙話
- Spoken in: the Chinese county of Xianyou
and the Chinese prefecture-level cities of Fuzhou, Putian, and Quanzhou 
Pwo – ဖျိၩ့, ဖျိၩ့ၡိ, ဖၠုံ, ဖၠုံယှိုဝ်
- Spoken in: Kayin State
, Myanmar
and Thailand 
Q
[edit]Qashqai – قشقايی ديلى
- Spoken in: Fars Province, Iran

Qʼeqchiʼ – Kekchi
- Official language in: Guatemala
and Mexico 
Quebec Sign Language – Langue des signes québécoise
- Signed in: Quebec
, and parts of Ontario
and New Brunswick
, Canada 
Quechua – Runasimi
Quenya – Eldarin
- Constructed language spoken by the Elves in the Middle-earth
- Quenya is used as a liturgical language by Elves
Quileute † – Kʷoʔlí·yot̓
- Formerly spoken in: the Olympic Peninsula, Washington
, the United States 
Quinqui – Quinqui
- Spoken in: Spain

R
[edit]Raga – Hano
- Spoken in: the Pentecost Island, Republic of Vanuatu

Rajasthani – राजस्थानी
Rajbanshi – राजबंशी, রাজবংশী, তাজপুরিয়া
- Spoken in: Nepal

Rama – Rama
- Official language in: North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
and South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
in Nicaragua
Ramanos † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Bolivia

Rangi – Kɨlaangi
- Spoken in: Tanzania

Rangpuri – রংপুরী, কোচ-ৰাজবংশী, দেশী
- Official language in: West Bengal, India

- Also spoken in: North Bengal

Rapa – Rapa, Mangaia
- Spoken in: Rapa Iti, French Polynesia

Rapa Nui – Vānaŋa Rapa Nui, Te reʻo Rapa Nui
Réunion Creole – kréol rénioné
Rinconada Bikol – Rinconada
- Spoken in: Camarines Sur, Philippines

Rohingya – 𐴌𐴗𐴥𐴝𐴙𐴚𐴒𐴙𐴝
- Official language in: the Rakhine State, and southeastern Chittagong Division (Bangladesh)
Romagnol – Rumagnòl
- Spoken in: Eastern Emilia-Romagna
, Italy
and San Marino 
Romani – Romani Ćhib
- Spoken by: the Romani people
; recognised as a minority language in Sweden 
Romanian – Română
- Official language in: Moldova
, Romania
, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
, and the Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Hungary
, Italy
, Serbia
, Spain
, and Ukraine 
Romanian Sign Language – Limba semnelor române
- Signed in: Romania

Romansh – romontsch, rumantsch, rumauntsch, rumàntsch
Rotokas – Rotokas
- Spoken in: Bougainville
part of Papua New Guinea 
Rotuman – Fäeag Rotuạm ta
- Official language in: Rotuma
, Fiji 
Rundi – Ikirundi
Russian – Русский
- Official language in: 8 countries, 3 subnational entities and 12 organizations
- Recognised Minority Language in: 7 countries
Russian Sign Language – русский жестовый язык
- Signed in: Russia
, Tajikistan
, Belarus
, Kazakhstan
, Kyrgyzstan
, Uzbekistan
and Moldova 
Rusyn – Русиньский Язык, Русиньска Бесїда, Русинська Мова
- Official language in: The Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina

- Recognised Minority Language in: Croatia
, Poland
, Romania
, Serbia
, and Slovakia 
Ruthenian † – Руська мова
- Formerly spoken in: the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania 
Rutul – мыхаӀбишды чӀел
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Ruuli – Luduuli
- Spoken in: Uganda

S
[edit]Saanich – SENĆOŦEN, Sənčáθən
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada
and Washington
, the United States 
Saaroa – Lhaʼalua
- Spoken in: Taiwan

Sadri – सादरी (नागपुरी), ସାଦ୍ରୀ, সাদরি
Saek – แถร̄ก
Saint Lucian Creole – kwéyòl
- Spoken in: Saint Lucia

Saka † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia
Sakachep – Khelma/Achep
- Spoken in: Northeast India

Sakizaya – Sakizaya
- Spoken in: Taiwan

Salar – Salarcha, 撒拉语
- Official language in: Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County, China

Salish – Séliš, Npoqínišcn
- Spoken in: Montana
, Idaho
and Washington
, the United States 
Samaritan Aramaic – ࠀࠓࠌࠉࠕ, Arāmît
- Formerly spoken in: Israel
and Palestine 
- The Samaritan Aramaic language is a liturgical language used by Samaritans

Samaritan Hebrew – ࠏࠁࠓࠉࠕ, Îbrit
- Formerly spoken in: Israel
and Palestine 
- The Samaritan Hebrew language is a liturgical language used by Samaritans

Sambal – Sambali
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Sambalpuri – ସମ୍ବଲପୁରୀ
Samburu – Sampur, ɔl Maa
- Spoken in: Samburu County
, Kenya 
Sámi (Akkala) † – äh'k'el'säm'la
- Formerly spoken in: Russia

Sámi (Inari) – anarâškielâ, aanaarsämikielâ
- Recognised as a minority language in Finland

Sámi (Kemi) † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Finland

Sámi (Kildin) – Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл
- Recognised as a minority language in Russia

Sámi (Lule) – julevsámegiella
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway, Sweden

Sámi (Northern) – davvisámegiella
- Recognised as a minority language in Finland, Norway, Sweden

Sámi (Pite) – bidumsámegiella
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway, Sweden

Sámi (Skolt) – sääʹmǩiõll, nuõrttsääʹmǩiõll
- Recognised as a minority language in Russia, and formerly spoken in Norway

Sámi (Southern) – åarjelsaemien gïele
- Recognised as a minority language in Norway

Sámi (Ter) – Са̄мькӣлл, saa´mekiill
- A moribund language spoken in Russia

Sámi (Ume) – ubmejesámiengiälla
- Recognised as a minority language in Sweden, and formerly in Norway

Samoan – Gagana Sāmoa
- Official language in: American Samoa
and Samoa 
Samogitian – Žemaitiu kalba
Sandawe – Sàndàwé kì’ìng
- Spoken in: Tanzania

Sango – yângâ tî sängö
- Official language in: the Central African Republic

- Recognised Minority Language in: Chad
and the Democratic Republic of the Congo 
Sanskrit – संस्कृतम्, संस्कृता वाक्
Santali – ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ
Sanumá – Sanöma
Saramaccan – Saamáka
- Spoken in: Suriname
and French Guiana, France 
Sardinian – Sardu
- Official language in: the Italian autonomous region of Sardinia

- Recognised Minority Language in: Italy

Sarikoli – تۇجىك زىڤ ,سەرىقۇلى زىڤ
Sartang – But(pa)
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Sasak – ᬪᬵᬲᬵᬲᬓ᭄ᬱᬓ᭄
- Spoken in: West Nusa Tenggara
, Indonesia 
Sassarese – sassaresu, turritanu
Saurashtra – ꢱꣃꢬꢵꢰ꣄ꢜ꣄ꢬꢵ
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu

Scandoromani – ?
Scots – Scots, Scottis, Scots leid, Lallans
Scottish Gaelic – Gàidhlig
Sechelt – sháshíshalh-em
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Seediq – Kari Seediq, Taroko
- Spoken in: Taiwan

Sekani – Tse’khene
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Selkʼnam † – Selkʼnamčan
Selkup – чу́мэл шэ, тюйкуй келл, шё̄шӄуй шэ̄, сӱ̄ссыӷӯй сэ̄, шöйӄумый эты
- Spoken in: Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
, Russia 
Senaya – ܣܢܝܐ ,ܣܘܪܝ
Seneca – Onöndowaʼga꞉ʼ Gawë꞉noʼ
- Spoken in: Western New York
, the United States
and the Six Nations of the Grand River Reserve, Ontario
, Canada 
Sentinelese – ?
- Spoken in: North Sentinel Island
Serbian – Српски, Srpski
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
and Serbia 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Croatia
, the Czech Republic
, Hungary
, Montenegro
, North Macedonia
, Romania
and Slovakia 
Serbian Sign Language – Српски знаковни језик, Srpski znakovni jezik
- Signed in: Serbia
and Montenegro 
Serbo-Croatian – srpskohrvatski/српскохрватски, also hrvatskosrpski/хрватскосрпски
- Official language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
, Croatia
, Montenegro
Serbia 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria
, Czech Republic
, Hungary
, Italy
, North Macedonia
, Romania
and Slovakia 
Serer – Seereer, Seereer-Siin
- Spoken in: the Republic of the Gambia
and the Republic of Senegal 
Seri – cmiique iitom
Serrano † – Maarrênga'twich
- Formerly spoken in: Southern California
, the United States 
Seychellois Creole – kreol, seselwa
Shabo – Mikeyir
- Spoken in: the eastern part of the South West Ethiopia Peoples' Region
, Ethiopia 
Shan – လိၵ်ႈတႆး
- Spoken in: the Myanmar states of the Kachin State
and the Shan State
and by the Shan people
Shanghainese – 上海闲话
- Spoken in: the Chinese municipality of Shanghai

Shao–Jiang Min – 邵將, 邵将
Shauraseni Prakrit † – 𑀰𑁅𑀭𑀲𑁂𑀦𑀻
- Formerly spoken in: the Indian subcontinent
Shawnee – saawanwaatoweewe, sâwanwâtowêwe
- Spoken in: Central and Northeast Oklahoma
, the United States 
Sherdukpen – Mey, Ngnok
- Spoken in: West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh in India

Sherpa – शेर्पा, ཤེར་པཱ།
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Shetlandic – Shætlan, Shaetlan
- Spoken in: Shetland
in Scotland
, the United Kingdom 
Shilha – Taclḥiyt, ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵢⵜ, تاشلحيت
- Spoken in: Morocco

Shina – ݜݨیاٗ زبان ,ݜݨیاٗ گلیتوࣿ زبان
- Spoken in: Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Shipibo-Conibo – Shipibo
- Spoken in: Ucayali Region
, Peru 
Shona – Shona
Shor – шор тили, тадар тили
- Spoken in: Kemerovo Oblast
, Russia 
Shoshoni – Sosoni' ta̲i̲kwappe, Neme ta̲i̲kwappeh
- Spoken in: Wyoming
, Utah
, Nevada
and Idaho
, the United States 
Shughni – xuɣ̌nůni ziv, خُږنۈنے زِڤ, хуг̌ну̊ни зив
- Spoken in: the Gorno-Badakhshan in Tajikistan
, Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan
, Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
in Pakistan
and Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County in China
.
Shuswap – Secwépemctsín
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada 
Siberian Tatar – Себертатарца
Sicilian – Sicilianu
- Spoken in: the Italian region of Apulia
, Calabria
, Campania
; the Italian comune of Leece
; Malta
; and the Italian autonomous region of Sicily 
Sidamo – Sidaamu Afoo
- Spoken in: Sidama Region
, Ethiopia 
Sikkimese – འབྲས་ལྗོངས་
- Official language in: the Indian state of Sikkim

Silesian – Ślōnski, Ślůnski
- Spoken in:
Poland and
Czech Republic
Siltʼe – የስልጤ
- Spoken in: Central Ethiopia Regional State
, Ethiopia 
Sindarin – Sindarin
- Constructed language spoken by the Elves in the Middle-earth
Sindhi – سنڌي
- Official language in: India
and the Pakistani province of Sindh 
Sinhala – සිංහල
Sinte Romani – Romanes, Sinto, Sintitikes
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Netherlands
and Germany 
Sioux – Lakȟótiyapi, Dakȟótiyapi, Dakhód'iapi
- Official language in: South Dakota
, the United States 
Slavey – Sahtúgot’įné Yatı̨́, K’ashógot’įne Goxedǝ́, Shíhgot’įne Yatı̨́, Dené Dháh, Dene Yatıé, Dene Zhatıé
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories
, Canada 
Slovak – Slovenčina
- Official language in: Slovakia
, and the Serbian autonomous province of Vojvodina 
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Czech Republic
, Hungary
and Ukraine 
Slovak Sign Language – Slovenský posunkový jazyk
- Signed in: Slovakia

Slovene – Slovenščina
- Official language in: Slovenia

- Recognised Minority Language in: Austria
, Hungary
, and Italy 
Slovio – Slovio, Словио
Sogdian † – 𐼑𐼇𐼄𐼌𐼊𐼋 [𐼀𐼈𐼂𐼀𐼋], 𐼼𐼴𐼶𐼹𐼷𐼸 (𐼰𐼵𐼱𐼰𐼸), 𐼼𐼲𐼴𐼹𐼷𐼰𐼴, 𐫘𐫇𐫄𐫔𐫏𐫀𐫇
- Formerly spoken in: Central Asia and China

Solresol – Sol-Re-Sol
- A musical constructed language
Somali – اللغة الصومالية, Af-Soomaali
Songhay – Songhai
- Spoken in: West Africa, primarily in Niger
and Mali 
Soninke – Sooninkanxanne
- Spoken in: West Africa, primarily in Mali
and Mauritania 
Sonsorolese – Ramari Dongosaro
- Official language in: Sonsorol
, Palau 
Sora – 𑃐𑃚𑃝, ସଉରା
- Spoken in: India

Sorani – سۆرانی, Soranî
Sotho – Sesotho
- Official language in: Lesotho
and South Africa 
South African Sign Language – Suid-Afrikaanse Gebaretaal
South Azerbaijani – آذربایجان دیلی
- Spoken in: Iranian Azerbaijan, Iran

Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl – nawatlajtole
Southern Ndebele – isiNdebele
Southern Qiang – ?
Southern Quechua – Urin Qhichwa
Southern Thai – ภาษาไทยถิ่นใต้
- Spoken in: the southern area of Thailand
, and some other parts of Southeast Asia
Southern Uzbek – اۉزبېکچه ,اۉزبېکی ,اۉزبېک تورکچهسی
- Spoken in: Afghanistan

Southern Yukaghir – Одун ажуу
- Spoken in: Sakha Republic
and Magadan Oblast
, Russia 
Spanish – Español
Spanish Sign Language – Lengua de Signos Española
- Signed in: Spain

Squamish – Sḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim
- Spoken in: southwestern British Columbia
, Canada 
Sranan Tongo – Sranantongo
- Spoken in: Suriname

Stoney – Nakoda, Nakota, Isga, Îyethka Îabi, Îyethka wîchoîe, Isga Iʔabi
Sudanese Arabic – لهجة سودانية
- Spoken in: Sudan

Sudovian † – Sūdaviskai
Sukuma – Kɪsukuma, Kisukuma
- Spoken in: Tanzania

Sumerian † – 𒅴𒂠 (EME.G̃IR15)
Sunam – sunnampakad
- Spoken in: Himachal Pradesh, India

Sundanese – ᮘᮞ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ
- Official language in: the Indonesian province of West Java

Sunwar – सुनुवार, कोइँच, किराँती-कोइँच, मुखिया
- Official language in: Sikkim, India

Surajpuri – सुरजापुरी, সুরজাপুরী
Suret – ܣܘܪܝܬ
Surigaonon – Tandaganon
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Susu – Sosoxui
- Spoken in: Guinea
and Sierra Leone 
Susuami – Susuami
- Spoken in: Morobe Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Svan – ლუშნუ ნინ
- Spoken in: Georgia

Swahili – Kiswahili
- Official language in: Kenya
, Tanzania
, and Uganda 
Swazi – siSwati
- Official language in: Eswatini
and South Africa 
Swedish – Svenska
- Official language in: Finland
and Sweden 
Swedish Sign Language – Svenskt Teckenspråk
Swiss German – Schwyzerdütsch
- Spoken in: the Austrian state of Vorarlberg
, the Italian regions of the Aosta Valley
and Piedmont
, Liechtenstein
, and Switzerland 
Swiss-German Sign Language – Deutschschweizer Gebärdensprache
- Signed in: Liechtenstein
, and Switzerland 
Sylheti – ছিলটী, সিলেটী
- Spoken in: the Bangladeshi division of Greater Sylhet
; the Indian state of Assam's Barak Valley
; and the Indian state of Tripura 
Syriac – ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
- Formerly spoken in: the Fertile Crescent and Eastern Arabia
- The Syriac language is a liturgical language of Syriac Christianity

T
[edit]Taa – ǃXóõ
- Spoken in: Ghanzi
, Kgalagadi
, Kweneng
, Southern Districts
and Hardap 
Tabasaran – табасаран чIал
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Tagalog – ᜏᜒᜃᜅ᜔ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔, Wikang Tagalog
- Official language in: the Philippines

Tagish † – Tā̀gish
- Formerly spoken in: the Northwest Territories
and Yukon
, Canada 
Tahitian – Reo Mā'ohi, Reo Tahiti
- Spoken in: Society Islands
in French Polynesia 
Tahltan – Tałtan ẕāke, dah dẕāhge, didene keh
- Spoken in: Northern British Columbia
, Canada 
Tai Daeng – ꪼꪕꪵꪒꪉ
Tai Dam – ꪺꪕꪒꪾ
- Spoken in: the Chinese county of the Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County

Tai Dón – ꪼꪕ ꪒ꪿ꪮꪙ
- Spoken in: Laos
, Vietnam
and the Chinese county of the Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County 
Tai Khün – ไทเขิน
- Spoken in: Shan State, Republic of the Union of Myanmar
and the Kingdom of Thailand 
Tai Lü – ᦑᦺᦟᦹᧉ
- Spoken in: Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China

Tai Nüa – ᥖᥭᥰᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ
Taíno † – Tainonaíki
- Formerly spoken in: the Antilles
Taivoan † – Rara ka maka-Taivoan
- Formerly spoken in: Taiwan

Taiwan Sign Language – 台灣手語
- Signed in: Taiwan

Taiwanese – 臺語, Tâi-gí, Tâi-gú
Tajik – Тоҷикӣ
- Official language in: the Tajikistan

Takpa – དག་པ་ཁ་
Talossan – el glheþ Talossan
- A constructed language that was invented by Robert Ben Madison
for his micronation of Talossa 
Talysh – Tolışə zıvon, Tолышә зывон, تؤلشه زوؤن
- Spoken in: Iran
and Azerbaijan 
Tamang – तामाङ
Tamasheq – Tamashek
Tamazight – ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, أمازيغية أطلس الأوسط
Tamil – தமிழ்
- Official language in: the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, union territories of Pondicherry and Andaman and Nicobar Islands
, Sri Lanka
, Republic of Singapore 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Malaysia

Tanacross – Neeʼaanděgʼ
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Tanchangya – 𑄖𑄧𑄐𑄴𑄌𑄧𑄁𑄉𑄴𑄡
- Spoken in: Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
; Mizoram and Tripura, India
; Rakhine State
, Myanmar 
Tangut † – 𗼇𗟲
- Formerly the Official language in: the Tangut Empire (Western Xia)
Tarahumara – Rarámuri ra'ícha
Tarifit – Tmaziɣt, ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ, الريفية
Tat – zuhun tati, зугьун тати
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Tatar – تاتارچا, Tatarça, Tатарча
Tausug – Bahasa Sūg
- Spoken in: Sulu, Philippines

Tawellemmet – Tawəlləmmət, ⵜⵓⵍⵎⵓⵜ, تَاوَلَّمَّتْ
Tay – Tiểng Tày, Thổ
- Spoken in: Vietnam

Tebul Dogon – Tebul Ure
- Spoken in: Mali

Teda – Tedaga
Teleut – Телеңет тили
- Spoken in: Kemerovo Oblast
, Russia 
Telugu – తెలుగు
- Official language in: the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and town of Yanam

Tembagla – Bo-Ung
- Spoken in: Southern Highlands Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Temne – KʌThemnɛ
- Spoken in: Sierra Leone
and Guinea 
Tepes – Soo
- Spoken in: the Republic of Uganda

Terêna – Etelena
- Spoken in: Brazil

Terengganu – Ccakak Tranung
- Spoken in: Terengganu
, Malaysia 
Teribe – Naso, Norteño, Quequexque, Teribe, Tiribi, or Térraba
- Spoken in: the Costa Rican provinces of Limón
and Puntarenas
, and the Panamanian provinces of Bocas del Toro
and Chiriquí 
Tetum – Lia-Tetun
- Official language in: the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

- Recognised Minority Language in: East Nusa Tenggara, Republic of Indonesia

Thai – ภาษาไทย
- Official language in: the Kingdom of Thailand

Thangmi – Thāmī
Thao – Thau a lalawa
- Spoken in: Taiwan

Thompson – Nłeʔkepmxcín
- Spoken in: British Columbia
, Canada
and Washington
, the United States 
Tibetan – དབུས་སྐད་
- Official language in: the Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
and Upper Mustang, Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal 
Tigre – ትግሬ, ትግራይት
- Recognised Minority Language in: Eritrea
and Sudan 
Tigrinya – ትግርኛ
- Official language in: the State of Eritrea
and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 
Timucua † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Georgia
and Florida
, United States 
Tindi – Идараб мицци
Tiv – Tiv
- Spoken in: Benue State, Cross River State, Plateau State and Taraba State, Nigeria

Tiwi – Tunuvivi
- Spoken in: Melville Island and Bathurst Island in Northern Territory
, Australia 
Tlingit – Lingít
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
- Spoken in: Tobago
part of Trinidad and Tobago 
Tobian – Ramarih Hatohobei
- Official language in: Hatohobei
, Palau 
Toda – தோடா
- Spoken in: Western Tamil Nadu, India

Tofa – Тоъфа дыл
- Spoken in: Irkutsk Oblast
, Russia 
Tok Pisin – Tok Pisin
Tokelauan – gagana Tokelau
Toki Pona – toki pona
- Constructed language spoken worldwide

Tongan – Lea faka-Tonga
- Official language in: the Kingdom of Tonga

Tongva † – Gabrielino
- Formerly spoken in: the City of Los Angeles
, United States 
Tooro – Orutooro
- Spoken in: Uganda

Torres Strait Creole – Yumplatok
- Spoken in: Torres Strait Islands, Queensland
, Australia 
Torwali – توروالی
- Spoken in: Pakistan

- Spoken in: Trinidad
in Trinidad and Tobago 
Tsakhur – цӀаӀхна миз, ts'əxna miz
- Official language in: the Republic of Dagestan
, Russia 
Tsez – Цез Мец, Цезяс Мец
- Spoken in: the Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation

Tsimshian – Sm'algya̱x
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Tsoa – Hiechware
Tsonga – Xitsonga
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa
and the Republic of Zimbabwe 
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Mozambique

Tswa – Xitswa
- Spoken in: Mozambique

Tswana – Setswana
- Official language in: the Republic of Botswana
, the Republic of South Africa
, and the Republic of Zimbabwe 
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Namibia

Tuamotuan – Reo Pa’umotu, Reko Pa’umotu
- Spoken in: Tuamotu Archipelago
in French Polynesia 
Tuareg – Tamahaq, Tamajaq, Tamasheq, or ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵌⴰⵆ
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Republic of Mali
and the Republic of Niger 
Tübatulabal – Pakaːnil
- Spoken in: California

Tujia – Bifzixsar, Mongrzzirhof
- Spoken in: Northwestern Hunan Province, China

Tulu – ತುಳು ಬಾಸೆ, തുളു ബാസെ, or
- Spoken in: the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala, and Maharashtra

Tumbuka – Chitumbuka
- Recognised Minority Language in: Malawi
, Zambia
and Tanzania 
Tumpoon – ទំពួន
- Spoken in: Cambodia

Tunica – Luhchi Yoroni
- Spoken in: the Louisiana, United States of America

Tunisian Arabic – تونسي
- Spoken in: Tunisia

Tunzu – Itunzu, Duguza
- Spoken in: Plateau State and Bauchi State, Nigeria

Turkana – ŋatùrk(w)anà
Turkish – Türkçe
- Official language in: Turkey
, Northern Cyprus
and Cyprus 
- Spoken in: the Bosnia and Herzegovina
, Greece
, Iraq
, Kosovo
, North Macedonia
, Romania
, Bulgaria
, Syria
, the Netherlands
, Belgium
and Germany 
Turkish Sign Language – Türk İşaret Dili
- Signed in: Turkey

Turkmen – Türkmençe or Türkmen dili
Turoyo – ܛܘܪܝܐ
- Recognised Minority Language in: the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
and Turkey 
Tuscarora † – Ska꞉rù꞉ręʼ, Skarò˙rə̨ˀ
- Formerly spoken by: the Tuscarora people
Tuvaluan – Te Ggana Tuuvalu
Tuvan – тыва дыл
- Spoken in: Tuva

Twi – Twi
- Spoken in: Ghana

Tyap – A̱lyem Tyap
- Spoken in: Kaduna State and Plateau State, Nigeria

Tzeltal – Bats'il k'op
Tzotzil – Batsʼi kʼop
U
[edit]Ubykh † – twaxəbza
- Formerly spoken in: Turkey

Udi – удин муз, udin muz, 𐕒𐕡𐔳𐔼𐕎 𐕌𐕒𐕡𐔵
- Spoken in: Azerbaijan
, Russia
, and Georgia 
Udmurt – Удмурт кыл
- Official language in: the Udmurt Republic
, Russia 
Uduk – Tw'ampa or T'wampa
- Spoken in: the Federal Democratic Republic of South Sudan
and the Republic of the Sudan 
Ugaritic † – ?
- Formerly spoken in: Syria

Ugong – 'Ugong
- Spoken in: western Thailand

Ukrainian – Українська
- Official language in: the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
and Ukraine 
- Recognised Minority Language in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
, the Republic of Croatia
, the Czech Republic
, Hungary
, the Republic of Moldova
, the Republic of Poland
, Romania
, the Republic of Serbia
, and the Slovak Republic 
Ukrainian Sign Language – Українська жестова мова
- Signed in: Ukraine

Ulithian – Yulidiy
- Spoken in: Ulithi Atoll, Federated States of Micronesia

Ulster Scots – Ulstèr-Scotch
Umbrian † – Iuku Umbriu
- Formerly spoken in: central Italy

Umbundu – Umbundu
Unserdeutsch – Unserdeutsch
- Spoken in: Papua New Guinea
and Australia 
Upper Chinook † – Kiksht
- Formerly spoken in: Oregon
and Washington
, the United States 
Upper Kuskokwim – Dinakʼi
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Upper Sorbian – Hornjoserbsce
Upper Tanana – Nee'aanèegn'
- Official language in: Alaska
, the United States 
Urdu – اُردُو
- Official language in: the Islamic Republic of Pakistan
and the Indian states of Bihar, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir
, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Telangana 
Urhobo – Urhobo
- Spoken in: Delta State and Edo State, Nigeria

Urum – Урум, Ουρούμ
Uspanteco – uspantek
- Spoken in: Guatemala

Uyghur – ئۇيغۇر تىلى
- Official language in: the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang
and Recognised Minority Language of Kazakhstan 
Uzbek – اوزبیک, Ўзбек, Oʻzbek
V
[edit]Vaagri Booli – ஃஅக்கிபிக்கி
- Spoken in: Tamil Nadu
, Andhra Pradesh
, Puducherry
, Karnataka,
, Maharashtra
, and all in India 
Vai – ꕙꔤ
- Spoken in: Liberia
and Sierra Leone 
Valencian – Valencià
- Official language in: the Spanish autonomous community of Valencia

Valencian Sign Language – Llengua de signes valenciana
- Signed in: the Spanish autonomous community of Valencia

Vayu – वायु, हायु
- Spoken in: Bagmati Province, Nepal

Vedda – වැදි
- Spoken in: Uva Province of Sri Lanka

Venda – Tshivenḓa
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa
and the Republic of Zimbabwe 
Venetian – Vèneto
- Official language in: the Italian region of Veneto

Veps – vepsän kelʹ
Vietnamese – tiếng Việt
- Official language in: the Socialist Republic of Vietnam

- Recognised Minority Language in: Czechia
and Slovakia 
- Spoken in: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Viossa – Viossa
- An engineered constructed language created as an artificial pidgin

- Spoken in: British Virgin Islands
, US Virgin Islands 
Vlax Romani – řomani čhib
- Generally spoken in: Southeastern Europe
Volapük – Volapük
Võro – Võro Kiil
- Spoken in: Southern Estonia

Voro (Adamawa) – Vɔrɔ
- Spoken in: Adamawa State, Nigeria

Votic – Vaddja
W
[edit]Wa – Va
Waimiri-Atroarí – Kinja Iara
Wakhi – ښیکوار زیک, Х̆икв̆ор зик, X̌ikwor zik
- Spoken in: Wakhan District in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan
, and neighboring areas of Tajikistan
, Pakistan
and China 
Wali – Waale, Waalii
- Spoken in: Ghana

Wallisian – Fakaʻuvea
- Spoken in: Wallis, Wallis and Futuna
, France 
Walloon – Walon
Waorani – Wao Terero
Warao – Guarauno, Warrau
Waray – Winaray, Binisayâ nga Winaray
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Warlpiri – Warlpiri
- Spoken in: the Australian Northern Territory

Warumungu – Warramunga
- Spoken in: Northern Territory
, Australia 
Washo – wá꞉šiw ʔítlu
- Spoken in: the states of California
and Nevada
, the United States 
Waziri – وزیری
- Spoken in: Waziristan, Pakistan

Wayuu – Wayuunaiki
Welsh – Cymraeg
- Official language in: the British country of Wales

- Recognised Minority Language in: the Argentine Republic
and the United Kingdom 
West Coast Bajau – Bajau Sama
Western Neo-Aramaic – ܣܪܝܘܢ (ܐܰܪܳܡܰܝ)
- Spoken in: Syria

Wintu – wintʰuːh
- Spoken in: California

Wiradjuri – Wiradhuray, Wiradyuray
- Spoken in: New South Wales
, Australia 
Wiyot † – Soulatluk
- Formerly spoken in: Northwestern California
, the United States 
Wolaytta – Wolayttatto Doonaa
Wolof – Wolof
- Spoken in: the Republic of the Gambia
, the Islamic Republic of Mauritania
, and the Republic of Senegal 
Wu – 吴方言
- Spoken in: the southern region of the Chinese province of Jiangsu, the entire province of Zhejiang, and the municipality of Shanghai

Wymysorys – Wymysiöeryś
- Spoken in: Wilamowice, Silesian Voivodeship
, Poland 
X
[edit]Xaracuu – Kanala, Xârâcùù
- Spoken in: the French special collectivity of New Caledonia

Xhosa – isiXhosa
- Official language in: the Republic of South Africa
and the Republic of Zimbabwe 
Xiang – 湘语
- Spoken in: the northern region of the Chinese province of Guangxi and the central and southwestern regions of the province of Hunan

Xibe – ᠰᡞᠪᡝᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ
- Spoken in: the Chinese autonomous region of Xinjiang

Xiriâna † – Bahwana
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil

Xong – Dut Xonb
- Spoken in: southeastern China

Xucuru † – Xukurú
- Formerly spoken in: Brazil

Y
[edit]Yaghan † – Háusi Kúta, Yágankuta
- Formerly spoken in: Tierra del Fuego, Chile
and Argentina 
Yaghnobi – Яғнобӣ зивок
- Spoken in: Tajikistan

Yakan – Yakan
- Regional language in: the Philippines

Yakkha – याक्खा
Yakut – Саха тыла
- Official language in: Yakutia or Sakha
in Russia 
Yamben – Yaben
- Spoken in: Sumgilbar Rural LLG in Madang Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Yanesha' – Yanešač̣
Yangum – Aiku
- Spoken in: Sandaun Province
, Papua New Guinea 
Yao – chiYao
- Recognised minority language in: Malawi

- Also spoken in: Mozambique
and Tanzania 
Yapese – Thin nu Waqaab
Yaqui – Yoem Noki
- Spoken in: Sonora
, Mexico
and Arizona
, the United States 
Yevanic – יעואני גלוסא, γεβανί γλώσσα
- Spoken in: Greece
, Israel
, Turkey
, United States 
Yiddish – ייִדיש
- Official language in: the Russian Jewish Autonomous Oblast

- Recognised as a minority language in Bosnia and Herzegovina
, the State of Israel
, the Netherlands
, the Republic of Poland
, Romania
, the Kingdom of Sweden
, and Ukraine 
Yilan Creole – ?
- Spoken in: Yilan County
, Taiwan 
Yola † – Yola
- Formerly spoken in: County Wexford, Ireland

Yonggom – Yonggom, Yongkom
- Spoken in: Western Province
in Papua New Guinea
and Boven Digoel Regency, South Papua
in Indonesia 
Yoruba – Èdè Yorùbá
Yucatec Maya – mayaʼ tʼaan, maayaʼ tʼaan
Yuchi – Tsoyaha
- Spoken in: Oklahoma
, the United States 
Yue – 粵語, 粤语, 廣東話, or 广东话
- Spoken in: the Chinese province of Guangdong and the autonomous region of Guangxi

Yugh † – Дьук
- Formerly spoken along: the Yenisei River in Russia

Yurok – Pueleekla’
- Spoken in: Northwestern California
, the United States 
Z
[edit]Zaghawa – Beria
Zaiwa – Tsaiwa, Tsaiva
Zande – Pazande
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo
, the Central African Republic
and South Sudan 
Zapotec – Diidxazá, Dizhsa
Zarma – Zarma ciine, Zarma sanni, زَرْمَ ݘِينٜ ,زَرْمَ سَنِّ
- Spoken in: Niger
, Mali
, Burkina Faso
, Nigeria 
Zauzou – Rouruo
Zaza – Zazaki
- Spoken in: Tunceli
, Bingöl
and parts of Elazığ
, Erzincan
and Diyarbakır 
Zeelandic – Zeêuws
- Spoken in: Zeeland
, the Netherlands 
Zenaga – ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵏⴳⵉⵢⵢⴰ
Zhuang – Vahcuengh, 話壯
- Spoken in: the southern areas of China

Zoroastrian Dari – فارسی ,دری ,دريلو, or Yazdi
- The Dari language is used by some Zoroastrians
in Central Iran 
- Note: the Zoroastrian Dari language is also called Dari, which shouldn't be confused with the variety of Persian language spoken in Afghanistan

Zou – Zo
- Spoken in: Chin State
, Myanmar
; Mizoram and Manipur, India 
Zulu – isiZulu
Zuni – Shiwi’ma
- Spoken in: New Mexico
and Arizona
in the United States 
Zuojiang Zhuang – 話僮
- Spoken in: the Chinese autonomous region of Guangxi

Zyphe Chin – Zophei
- Spoken in: Chin State
and India 
ǀ
[edit]ǀXam † – ǀKham, ǀKhuai
- Formerly spoken in: South Africa
and Lesotho 
Alphabets and scripts
[edit]† = Extinct script or alphabet
'
[edit]'Phags-pa † – ꡖꡍꡂꡛ ꡌ
- Formerly Used in: the People's Republic of China
, the Republic of India
, Mongolia
, and Greater Tibet 
A
[edit]Abkhaz alphabet – Aҧсшәа
- Used in: the Republic of Abkhazia
and the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia 
Anglo-Saxon † – ᚠᚢᚦᚩᚱᚳ
- Formerly Used in: Anglo-Saxon England

Arabic – الْأَبْجَدِيَّة الْعَرَبِيَّة
- Used in: primarily the Middle East and North Africa
, but also in Southeast Asia
, the northern areas of Sub-Saharan Africa
, and the United Nations 
Armenian – Հայկական Այբուբեն
- Used in: Armenia
, the Republic of Cyprus
, the Islamic Republic of Iran
, the Republic of Poland
, Romania
, and the United States 
Aurebesh – Aurebesh
- Constructed script used for Galactic Basic, a fictional lingua franca
Avestan – 𐬆𐬬𐬈𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬥
- Formerly used in: the Eastern Iranian Plateau

- The Avestan alphabet is a Zoroastrian liturgical script

B
[edit]Balinese – ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬩᬮᬶ
Bamum † – ꚶꛉ꛰꛲ꚫꛦꚳ
- Formerly used in: Western Cameroon

Basahan † – Guhit
- Formerly used in: Bicol Region, Philippines

Batak – ᯅᯖᯂ᯲
- Used in: North Sumatra
, Indonesia 
Baybayin † – ᜊᜌ᜔ᜊᜌᜒᜈ᜔
- Formerly used in: the Philippines
. Ongoing revival efforts exist
Bengali–Assamese – বাংলা-অসমীয়া
- Used in: Bangladesh
and the regions of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, Nagaland and Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India 
- Blissymbols is a constructed language using ideographs invented by Charles K. Bliss

after the Second World War.
Bopomofo – ㄓㄨˋ ㄧㄣ ㄈㄨˊ ㄏㄠˋ
- Used in: the People's Republic of China

Borama – 𐒄𐒋𐒦𐒩𐒗𐒓
- Used in: the Federal Republic of Somalia

Braille – ⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠑
- Braille is a tactile writing system, versions of which are used for many different languages and also used for the blind.
Buhid – ᝊᝓᝑᝒ
- Used in: Mindoro, the Philippines

C
[edit]Canadian Aboriginal syllabics – ᖃᓂᐅᔮᖅᐸᐃᑦ, ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᑖᖅ, ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ, ᐊᓂᐦᔑᓈᐯᒧᐎᓐ, ᑯᖾᖹ ᖿᐟᖻ ᓱᖽᐧᖿ, ᑐᑊᘁᗕᑋᗸ
- Used in: Canada

Carian † – 𐊴𐊠𐊥𐊹𐊠𐊵
- Formerly used in: Western Anatolia
Cham – ꨀꨇꩉ ꨌꩌ
Cherokee – ᏣᎳᎩ
- Used in: Cherokee Nation, Oklahoma
, the United States 
Cirth –
- Constructed script used by the Elves in the Middle-earth
Coptic † –
- Liturgically used by: Copts

Cuneiform † – 𒋾𒀝𒁇
- Formerly used in: the Ancient Near East
Cypriot † – 𐠀𐠜𐠍𐠚
Cyrillic – Кѷрїлловица, Кирилица, Кириллица
- Used in: Bulgaria
, North Macedonia
, Serbia
, Montenegro
, Republika Srpska
(Bosnia and Herzegovina
), Russia
, Ukraine
, Belarus
, Transnistria
, other Post-Soviet states, the European Union
, the United Nations
and elsewhere
D
[edit]Deseret – 𐐔𐐯𐑅𐐨𐑉𐐯𐐻
- The Deseret alphabet is a Mormon liturgical script
Devanagari – देवनागरी
- Used in: the Indian subcontinent, mainly in the northern areas of India
and in Nepal 
E
[edit]Egyptian hieroglyphs † – 𓂋𓏺𓈖 𓆎𓅓𓏏𓊖
- Formerly used in: Ancient Egypt
Elder Futhark † – ᚠᚢᚦᚨᚱᚲ
F
[edit]Fraser – ꓡꓲ-ꓢꓴ
G
[edit]Geʽez – ግዕዝ
Georgian – ქართული
- Used in: Georgia

Glagolitic † – ⰍⱛⰓⰊⰎⰎⰑⰂⱄⰜⰀ
- Formerly used by: the Middle Age Slavic people
Greek – Ελληνικό αλφάβητο
- Used in: Greece
, Cyprus
and the European Union 
Gujarati – ગુજરાતી
- Used in: Gujarat and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India

Gurmukhi – ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ
- Used in: Punjab, India

H
[edit]Hangul – 한글, 조선글
- Used in: South Korea
, North Korea
and Baubau in Southeast Sulawesi
, Indonesia 
Hanunó'o – ᜱᜨᜳᜨᜳᜢ
- Used in: Mindoro, the Philippines

Hebrew – אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי
Hiragana – 平仮名, ひらがな
- Used in: Japan

J
[edit]Javanese – ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫꦗꦮ
- Used in: Central Java
, East Java
, Lampung
, and Yogyakarta
, Indonesia 
K
[edit]Kannada – ಕನ್ನಡ
Katakana – 片仮名, カタカナ
Kayah Li – ꤊꤢꤛꤢꤟ ꤜꤤ
- Used in: the Kayah, Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Khmer – អក្សរខ្មែរ
- Used in: Cambodia

Kulitan † –
- Formerly used in: Pampanga, Philippines

L
[edit]Lao – ອັກສອນລາວ
- Used in: Laos

Latin – Latina, Romana
- Used in: Most parts of the world
- Originated in: Latium (modern-day Rome
)
Lepcha – ᰛᰩᰵᰛᰧᰵ
Limbu – ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ
- Used in: Koshi Province, Nepal
and Sikkim, India 
Lontara – ᨒᨚᨈᨑ
- Used in: South Sulawesi
, West Sulawesi
and West Nusa Tenggara
, Indonesia 
M
[edit]Malayalam – മലയാളലിപി
- Used in: Kerala, Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahe district), India

Mandaic –
- Liturgically used by: the Mandaeans

Mandombe –
- Used in: West Africa
Meitei Mayek – ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ
Mon–Burmese – မွန်မြန်မာအက္ခရာ
- Used in: Myanmar

Mongolian – ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ
- Used in: Mongolia
, Inner Mongolia and other parts of northern China 
N
[edit]New Tai Lue – ᦟᦲᧅᦷᦎᦺᦑᦟᦹᧉ
- Used in: Southeast Asia
N'Ko – ߒߞߏ
- Used in: West Africa, specifically Burkina Faso
, The Gambia
, Guinea
, Guinea-Bissau
, Ivory Coast
, Mali
, and Senegal 
O
[edit]Odia – ଓଡ଼ିଆ
Ogham † – ᚛ᚑᚌᚐᚋ᚜
- Formerly used in: Ireland
, Isle of Man
, Wales
, Cornwall
and Scotland 
Ol Chiki – ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ
- Used in: Jharkhand and West Bengal, India

Osmanya – 𐒋𐒘𐒈𐒑𐒛𐒒𐒕𐒀
- Used in: the Federal Republic of Somalia

R
[edit]Rejang – ꥆꤰ꥓ꤼꤽ ꤽꥍꤺꥏ
Rongorongo † – ?
- Undeciphered script assumed to have been used for Rapa Nui language
Runic † – ᚱᚢᚾᛟ
- Formerly Used by: 2nd Century Germanics
S
[edit]Samaritan † – ࠏࠁࠓࠉࠕ ,ࠀࠓࠌࠉࠕ
- Liturgically used by: the Samaritans

Saurashtra – ꢱꣃꢬꢵꢰ꣄ꢜ꣄ꢬ
- Used in: Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka, India

Shavian – 𐑖𐑱𐑝𐑾𐑯
- Invented by Ronald Kingsley Read
as an alternative phonetic alphabet to the English language.
Siddhaṃ † – 𑖭𑖰𑖟𑖿𑖠𑖽
- Formerly used in: Central Asia, Japan
Simplified Chinese – 汉语
- Used in: China
, Singapore
and the United Nations 
Sinhala – සිංහල
- Used in: Sri Lanka

- Used by: Toki Pona speakers
Sundanese – ᮃᮊ᮪ᮞᮛ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ
Sylheti Nagri – ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ ꠘꠣꠉꠞꠤ
- Used in: Sylhet Division, Bangladesh
and Barak Valley of Assam, India 
Syriac – ܐܠܦ ܒܝܬ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ
- Used by: Assyrians

T
[edit]Tagbanwa – ᝦᝪᝨᝯ
- Used in: Palawan, Philippines

Tai Le – ᥖᥭᥰ ᥘᥫᥴ
- Used in: Southeast Asia
Tai Tham – ᨲ᩠ᩅᩫᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ
- Used in: Southeast Asia
Tai Viet – ꪎꪳ ꪼꪕ
- Used in: Southeast Asia
Tamil – தமிழ்
- Used in: Tamil Nadu and Puducherry (Karaikal and Puducherry districts) in India
, but also in Sri Lanka
, Malaysia
, and Singapore 
Telugu – తెలుగు
- Used in: Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Puducherry (Yanam district), India

Tengwar –
- Constructed script used by the Elves in the Middle-earth
Thaana – ތާނަ
- Used in: Maldives

Thai – อักษรไทย
- Used in: Thailand

Tibetan – བོད་ཡིག་
Tifinagh – ⵜⴼⵏⵗ, ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ
- Used in: Mali
, Niger
, Algeria
, Libya
, and Burkina Faso 
Traditional Chinese – 漢語
V
[edit]Vai – ꕙꔤ
- Used in: Western Liberia

Y
[edit]Yi script – ꆈꌠꁱꂷ
Younger Futhark † – ᚠᚢᚦᚨᚱᚲ
Dialects
[edit]† = Extinct dialect
A
[edit]Achterhooks – achterhooks
- Spoken in: Achterhoek
, the Netherlands 
Albanian (Gheg) – gegnisht
- Spoken in: Albania

Albanian (Tosk) – toskërisht
- Spoken in: Albania

Alemannic German – Alemannisch
- Spoken in: Liechtenstein
, most parts of Switzerland
, and in parts of Austria
, France
, Germany
, Italy
, United States
, and Venezuela 
Amoy – 廈門話 or 厦门话
Armenian (Eastern) – Արևելահայերեն
- Spoken in: Armenia

Armenian (Western) – Արեւմտահայերէն
- Spoken by: the Armenian Diaspora

Auvergnat – auvernhat
B
[edit]Balearic Catalan – balear
- Spoken in: the Balearic Islands
, Spain 
Balochi (Eastern) – رۏدرآتکی بلۏچی
- Spoken in: Pakistani
provinces of Sindh
, Punjab
and the northeastern area of Balochistan 
Balochi (Southern) – مکرانی
Balochi (Western) – رخشانی
- Spoken in: Pakistan
, Iran
, Afghanistan
and Turkmenistan 
Banat Bulgarian – Banátsća balgarsćija jazić, Palćena balgarsćija jazić
- Spoken in: Banat
and Transylvania
, Romania
and Vojvodina
, Serbia 
Banyumasan – basa Banyumasan
- Spoken in: Western Central Java
, Indonesia 
Belarusian (Taraškievica) – тарашкевіца
- Spoken by: the Belarusian diaspora

Brabantian Dutch – Braobans
- Spoken in: Belgium
and the Netherlands 
Bunjevac – bunjevački
- Spoken in: Bosnia and Herzegovina
, Croatia
, Hungary
, and Vojvodina
, Serbia 
Burgenland Croatian – gradišćanskohrvatski jezik
C
[edit]Central Kanuri – Yerwá Kànùrí
Chakavian – čakavski
Colognian – Kölsch
Congo Swahili – Kingwana
- Spoken in: the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Coptic (Bohairic) – ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̄ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉⲙϧⲏⲧ, ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉⲙϧⲏⲧ, ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉⲙⲡⲉⲙϩⲏⲧ
- Formerly spoken in: Egypt

- The Bohairic Coptic language is a liturgical language used by the Coptic Orthodox Church

Coptic (Sahidic) – ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ⲛⲣⲉⲙⲣⲏⲥ
Cree (East) – ᐄᔨᔫ ᐊᔨᒨᓐ, ᐄᓅ ᐊᔨᒨᓐ
Cree (Moose) – ᐃᓕᓖᒧᐎᓐ
Cree (Plains) – ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories
, Canada 
- Also spoken in: Manitoba
, Saskatchewan
and Alberta
, Canada
; Montana
, the United States 
Cree (Swampy) – ᓀᐦᐃᓇᐍᐏᐣ
Cree (Woods) – ᓀᐦᐃᖬᐍᐏᐣ
- Spoken in: Manitoba
and Saskatchewan
, Canada 
D
[edit]Dari – دری
Dimli – Dimli
- Spoken in: Turkish provinces of Adıyaman, Aksaray, Batman, Bingöl, Bitlis, Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Malatya, Muş, and Şanlıurfa

Dutch Low Saxon (collective name for multiple dialects) – Nederlaands Leegsaksies, Nederlaands Nedersaksies
- Spoken in: Northeastern Netherlands

E
[edit]East Franconian – Fränggisch
East Frisian Low Saxon – Oostfräisk, Oostfreesk, Plattdüts
- Spoken in: East Frisia
, Germany 
Elfdalian – övdalsk, övdalską
- Spoken in: Älvdalen Municipality, Dalarna County
, Sweden 
F
[edit]Farsi – فارسی
Fuzhou – 平話 or 福州話
- Spoken in: East Asia
G
[edit]Gascon – gascon
Goral – górolsko gwara, góralsko gwara
- Recognised Minority Language in: Slovakia

- Also spoken in: Lesser Poland Voivodeship
and Silesian Voivodeship
, Poland 
Greek (Demotic) – ελληνικά, δημοτική
- Spoken by: Greeks

Greek (Katharevousa) – ἑλληνικά, καθαρεύουσα
- Formerly spoken by: Greeks

- Katharevousa is still used by Greek Orthodox Church

Gronings – Grunnegs, Grönnegs
- Spoken in: Groningen
, northeastern Drenthe
and the easternmost area of Noardeast-Fryslân
municipality in Friesland
, the Netherlands 
H
[edit]Hazāragī – هزارگی
- Spoken in: Afghanistan
, Iran
, and Pakistan 
Hessian – Hessisch
Hindko – ہندکو
- Spoken in: the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Hokkien – 福佬話
- Spoken in: the southern area of the Chinese province of Fujian
, Taiwan
, and in Southeast Asia
K
[edit]Kajkavian – kajkavščina, kajkavština, kajkavica
- Spoken in: Croatia

Kirmanjki – Kirmanjki
- Spoken in: Turkish provinces of Bayburt, Bingöl, Erzincan, Erzurum, Gümüşhane, Muş, Sivas, and Tunceli

Koisan – Tjwao
Kven – kvääni, kainu
Kwanyama – Oshikwanyama
L
[edit]Languedocien – lengadocian
- Spoken in: Southern France

Limousin – lemosin
Llanito – Llanito
- Spoken in: Gibraltar
, United Kingdom 
Low Prussian – Niederpreußisch
Low Saxon (collective name for multiple dialects) – Nedersaksies
- Spoken in: Denmark
, Germany
, and the Netherlands 
Lower Silesian – Schläsisch, Schläs’sch, Schlä’sch, Schläsch
- Spoken in: Germany
, Poland
, and Czech Republic 
M
[edit]Masurian – mazurská gádkä
Meänkieli – Meänkieli
Monégasque – Munegascu
- Spoken in: Monaco

Moravian – moravská nářečí
- Spoken in: Moravia
and Czech Silesia
, the Czech Republic 
Māori English – Māori English
- Spoken in: New Zealand

N
[edit]Na – Bangni
- Spoken in: Upper Subansiri district in Arunachal Pradesh, India

Ndonga – Oshindonga
Ningbo – 寧波閒話
- Spoken in: the Chinese sub-provincial division of Ningbo

Norwegian (Bokmål) – bokmål
- Spoken in: Norway

Norwegian (Høgnorsk) – høgnorsk
- Spoken in: Norway

Norwegian (Nynorsk) – nynorsk
- Spoken in: Norway

Norwegian (Riksmål) – riksmål
- Spoken in: Norway

O
[edit]Ojibwe (Central) – Ojibwemowin
Ojibwe (Eastern) – Jibwemwin
Ojibwe (Northwestern) – Ojibwemowin
Ojibwe (Western) – Nakawēmowin
- Spoken in: Manitoba
and Saskatchewan
, Canada 
Ossetian (Digor) – дигорон ӕвзаг
Ossetian (Iron) – Ирон ӕвзаг
Ottawa – Nishnaabemwin, Daawaamwin
- Spoken in: Ontario
in Canada
, Michigan
and Oklahoma
in the United States 
P
[edit]Palatine German – Pälzisch
- Spoken in: Palatinate
, Germany 
Peripheral Mongolian – ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ
- Spoken in: Inner Mongolia, China

Podlachian – pudlaśka mova
- Spoken in: Podlaskie Voivodeship
, Poland 
Pahari-Pothwari – پہاڑی پوٹھواری
- Spoken in: the Pakistani state of Azad Kashmir

Prekmurje Slovene – prekmürščina, prekmörščina, panonska slovenščina, prekmurščina, prekmursko narečje
Provençal – prouvençau
Punjabi (Eastern) – पंजाबी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
- Official language in: the Indian Union territory of Delhi
; and the Indian states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, and West Bengal 
Punjabi (Western) – پنجابی
Q
[edit]Quanzhou – 泉州話
R
[edit]Resian – Rozajanski langäč, Rozojanski langäč
S
[edit]Sapudi – Bhâsa Sapudi
- Spoken in: Sapudi Island, Indonesia

Saraiki – سرائیکی, ਸਰਾਇਕੀ, सराइकी
- Spoken in: the central regions of Pakistan

Sardinian (Campidanese) – sardu campidanesu, campidanesu
Sardinian (Logudorese) – sardu logudoresu, logudoresu
Seroa † – ǃGãǃne, ǁKuǁe
- Formerly spoken in: Lesotho
and South Africa 
Shtokavian – štokavski, штокавски
- Spoken in: Serbia
, Croatia
, Bosnia and Herzegovina
, Montenegro
, and Kosovo 
Singpho – Singhpaw ga
- Spoken in: Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, India

Slavey (North) – Sahtúgot’įné Yatı̨́, K’ashógot’įne Goxedǝ́ or Shíhgot’įne Yatı̨́
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories
, Canada 
Slavey (South) – Dené Dháh, Dene Yatıé or Dene Zhatıé
- Official language in: the Northwest Territories
, Canada 
Slavomolisano – na-našu, na-našo
Slavonic-Serbian † – Славено-сербскiй
- Formerly used as a literary language in: Vojvodina
, Serbia 
Stellingwarfs – Stellingwerfs
- Spoken in: Ooststellingwerf
and Weststellingwerf
in the Dutch province of Friesland
, the Netherlands 
Swabian – Schwäbisch
T
[edit]Tarantino – tarandíne
Tavoyan – ထားဝယ်စကား
- Spoken in: Tanintharyi Region
, Myanmar 
Teochew – 潮州話
- Spoken by: the Chinese Teochew people
Torlakian – Торлачки, Torlački
- Spoken in: Serbia
, Bulgaria
, North Macedonia
, Kosovo
, and Romania 
U
[edit]Upper Saxon – Obersächsisch
V
[edit]Varhadi – वऱ्हाडी, 𑘪𑘬𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘚𑘲
- Spoken in: Maharashtra, India

W
[edit]West Polesian – захыднёполіськая мова
Westphalian – Westfäölsk
- Spoken in: Westphalia
, Germany 
ǂ
[edit]ǂAkhoe – ǂAkhoe Haiǁom
- Spoken in: Angola
, Botswana
, Namibia
, and South Africa 
Required fonts
[edit]Many languages require special fonts in order to display correctly. Most use fonts from the Noto font family, created by Google. They can be downloaded here.
See also
[edit]- Language
- Lists of extinct languages
- Lists of languages
- Official languages of the UN (United Nations)
External links
[edit]- Language names — A similar list of "autoglottonyms" (The name of a language in its own language.) on omniglot.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
- Languages in their own writing systems — Another such list on geonames.de. Retrieved 2017-01-07.