Retinal G protein coupled receptor

RGR
Identifiers
Aliases	RGR, RP44, Retinal G protein coupled receptor
External IDs	OMIM: 600342; MGI: 1929473; HomoloGene: 37709; GeneCards: RGR; OMA:RGR - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (human)
End	84,259,960 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)
End	36,770,921 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	retinal pigment epithelium; ; gastric mucosa; ; testicle; ; cingulate gyrus; ; anterior cingulate cortex; ; nucleus accumbens; ; caudate nucleus; ; right frontal lobe; ; gonad; ; Brodmann area 9;
	Top expressed in
	retinal pigment epithelium; ; choroid; ; olfactory epithelium; ; ciliary body; ; epithelium of lens; ; lacrimal gland; ; iris; ; neural layer of retina; ; corneal stroma; ; lip;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; protein binding; photoreceptor activity; signal transducer activity; G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; membrane;
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; signal transduction; visual perception; response to stimulus; phototransduction; detection of visible light; cellular response to light stimulus;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5995
	57811
	ENSG00000148604
	ENSMUSG00000021804
	P47804
	Q9Z2B3
	NM_001012720; NM_001012722; NM_002921
	NM_001301692; NM_001301694; NM_021340
	NP_001012738; NP_001012740; NP_002912
	NP_001288621; NP_001288623; NP_067315
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor also known as RGR-opsin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGR gene.^[5]^[6]

Function

RGR-opsin is a member of the rhodopsin-like receptor subfamily of GPCR. Like other opsins which bind retinaldehyde, it contains a conserved lysine residue in the seventh transmembrane domain.^[7]^[8] RGR-opsin preferentially binds all-trans-retinal,^[8] which is the dominant form in the dark adapted retina,upon light exposure it is isomerized to 11-cis-retinal.^[9] Therefore, RGR-opsin presumably acts as a photoisomerase to convert all-trans-retinal to 11-cis-retinal, similar to retinochrome in invertebrates. 11-cis-retinal is isomerized back within rhodopsin and the iodopsins in the rods and cones of the retina. RGR-opsin is exclusively expressed in tissue close to the rods and cones, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cells.^[7] RGR-opsin may be associated with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (arRP and adRP, respectively). RGR-opsin comes in different isoforms produced by alternative splicing.^[6]

Interactions

RGR-opsin has been shown to interact with KIAA1279.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000148604 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021804 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Chen XN, Korenberg JR, Jiang M, Shen D, Fong HK (Jun 1996). "Localization of the human RGR opsin gene to chromosome 10q23". Human Genetics. 97 (6): 720–2. doi:10.1007/BF02346179. PMID 8641686.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor".
^ ^a ^b Jiang M, Pandey S, Fong HK (Dec 1993). "An opsin homologue in the retina and pigment epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 34 (13): 3669–78. PMID 8258527.
^ ^a ^b Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK (Nov 1994). "A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein". Biochemistry. 33 (44): 13117–25. doi:10.1021/bi00248a022. PMID 7947717.
^ Hao, W; Fong, HK (5 March 1999). "The endogenous chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin from the pigment epithelium". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (10): 6085–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.10.6085. PMID 10037690.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

Jiang M, Shen D, Tao L, Pandey S, Heller K, Fong HK (Apr 1995). "Alternative splicing in human retinal mRNA transcripts of an opsin-related protein". Experimental Eye Research. 60 (4): 401–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-4835(05)80096-X. PMID 7789419.
Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK (Nov 1994). "A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein". Biochemistry. 33 (44): 13117–25. doi:10.1021/bi00248a022. PMID 7947717.
Morimura H, Saindelle-Ribeaudeau F, Berson EL, Dryja TP (Dec 1999). "Mutations in RGR, encoding a light-sensitive opsin homologue, in patients with retinitis pigmentosa". Nature Genetics. 23 (4): 393–4. doi:10.1038/70496. PMID 10581022.
Chen P, Lee TD, Fong HK (Jun 2001). "Interaction of 11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase with the chromophore of retinal g protein-coupled receptor opsin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (24): 21098–104. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010441200. PMID 11274198.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Yang M, Fong HK (Feb 2002). "Synthesis of the all-trans-retinal chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin in cultured pigment epithelial cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (5): 3318–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108946200. PMID 11723126.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Bellingham J, Wells DJ, Foster RG (Jan 2003). "In silico characterisation and chromosomal localisation of human RRH (peropsin)--implications for opsin evolution". BMC Genomics. 4 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-4-3. PMC 149353. PMID 12542842.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Tarttelin EE, Bellingham J, Bibb LC, Foster RG, Hankins MW, Gregory-Evans K, Gregory-Evans CY, Wells DJ, Lucas RJ (Mar 2003). "Expression of opsin genes early in ocular development of humans and mice". Experimental Eye Research. 76 (3): 393–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-4835(02)00300-7. PMID 12573668.
Bernal S, Calaf M, Garcia-Hoyos M, Garcia-Sandoval B, Rosell J, Adan A, Ayuso C, Baiget M (Jul 2003). "Study of the involvement of the RGR, CRPB1, and CRB1 genes in the pathogenesis of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa". Journal of Medical Genetics. 40 (7): e89. doi:10.1136/jmg.40.7.e89. PMC 1735523. PMID 12843338.
Zhu L, Imanishi Y, Filipek S, Alekseev A, Jastrzebska B, Sun W, Saperstein DA, Palczewski K (Aug 2006). "Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and E150K mutation in the opsin gene". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (31): 22289–98. doi:10.1074/jbc.M602664200. PMC 1618956. PMID 16737970.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Lin MY, Kochounian H, Moore RE, Lee TD, Rao N, Fong HK (2007). "Deposition of exon-skipping splice isoform of human retinal G protein-coupled receptor from retinal pigment epithelium into Bruch's membrane". Molecular Vision. 13: 1203–14. PMID 17679941.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000148604 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021804 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8641686-5] Chen XN, Korenberg JR, Jiang M, Shen D, Fong HK (Jun 1996). "Localization of the human RGR opsin gene to chromosome 10q23". Human Genetics. 97 (6): 720–2. doi:10.1007/BF02346179. PMID 8641686.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: RGR retinal G protein coupled receptor".

[Jiang_1993-7] Jiang M, Pandey S, Fong HK (Dec 1993). "An opsin homologue in the retina and pigment epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 34 (13): 3669–78. PMID 8258527.

[Shen_1994-8] Shen D, Jiang M, Hao W, Tao L, Salazar M, Fong HK (Nov 1994). "A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein". Biochemistry. 33 (44): 13117–25. doi:10.1021/bi00248a022. PMID 7947717.

[Hao_1999-9] Hao, W; Fong, HK (5 March 1999). "The endogenous chromophore of retinal G protein-coupled receptor opsin from the pigment epithelium". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (10): 6085–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.10.6085. PMID 10037690.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[pmid16189514-10] Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

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Function

Interactions

References

Further reading