EIF-2 kinase

Regulation of translation initiation via phosphorylation of Ser51 in eIF2's α-subunit.^[1]

eIF-2 is a kinase enzyme that phosphorylates eIF-2.^[2]

There are four forms in mammals:

EIF2AK1: heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI)
EIF2AK2: the double-stranded RNA-dependent kinase (PKR)
EIF2AK3: PEK/PERK
EIF2AK4: GCN2

These are all responsible for the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2 at serine 51, one of the best-characterized mechanisms for down-regulating protein synthesis in eukaryotes in response to various cellular stress response's.

References

^ Nika J, Rippel S, Hannig EM (January 2001). "Biochemical analysis of the eIF2beta gamma complex reveals a structural function for eIF2alpha in catalyzed nucleotide exchange". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2): 1051–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007398200. PMID 11042214.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ eIF-2+Kinase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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[pmid11042214-1] Nika J, Rippel S, Hannig EM (January 2001). "Biochemical analysis of the eIF2beta gamma complex reveals a structural function for eIF2alpha in catalyzed nucleotide exchange". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2): 1051–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007398200. PMID 11042214.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[2] IF-2+Kinase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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[2]

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Diffusion-limited enzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor Enzyme activator
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list) EC7 Translocases (list)