CD63
CD63 antigen is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD63 gene.[5] CD63 is mainly associated with membranes of intracellular vesicles, although cell surface expression may be induced.
Function
Allergy diagnosis
CD63 is a good marker for flow cytometric quantification of in vitro activated basophils for diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergy. The test is commonly designated as basophil activation test (BAT).
Research
Initially, deletion and point mutants were used to investigate the role of the C-terminus, which contains a putative lysosomal-targeting/internalisation motif (GYEVM). C-terminal mutants showed increased surface expression and decreased intracellular localisation relative to CD63Wt. Antibody induced internalisation was reduced in C-terminal deletion mutants and abolished in G→A and Y→A mutants, showing the crucial role of these residues in internalisation.
CD63 is extensively and variably glycosylated and the EC2 region contain three potential N-linked glycosylation sites (N130, N150, and N172). Mutants N130A and N150A were similar to hCD63Wt with respect to intracellular localisation and internalisation. However, the hCD63N172A mutant showed a mainly cell surface localisation and low internalisation. Expression of a mutant lacking all three glycosylation sites was very unstable. It was speculated that the reduced internalisation of CD63N172A might be due to changes in its interaction with cell surface molecules. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed some evidence of a protein (100kDa) associating with CD63N172A, but this was not consistent. However, an association between CD63Wt and β2 integrin (CD18) was shown by co-internalisation of these proteins. Interactions with CD63 may therefore affect the trafficking and function of β2 integrins.
A recent investigation showed that expression of CD63 positively correlates with the invasiveness of ovarian cancer.[6]
In cell biology, CD63 is often used as a marker for multivesicular bodies, which are enriched with CD63.[7]
Interactions
CD63 has been shown to interact with CD117[8] and CD82.[9]
See also
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135404 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025351 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CD63 CD63 molecule".
- ^ Kobayashi M (Jan 2014). "Ovarian cancer cell invasiveness is associated with discordant exosomal sequestration of Let-7 miRNA and miR-200". J Transl Med. 12. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-12-4. PMC 3896684. PMID 24393345.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ PMC 2911632
- ^ Anzai, Naoyuki; Lee Younghee; Youn Byung-S; Fukuda Seiji; Kim Young-June; Mantel Charlie; Akashi Makoto; Broxmeyer Hal E (Jun 2002). "C-kit associated with the transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins constitutes a functionally distinct subunit in human hematopoietic progenitors". Blood. 99 (12). United States: 4413–4421. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.12.4413. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 12036870.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|laysummary=,|laydate=, and|laysource=(help) - ^ Hammond, C; Denzin L K; Pan M; Griffith J M; Geuze H J; Cresswell P (Oct 1998). "The tetraspan protein CD82 is a resident of MHC class II compartments where it associates with HLA-DR, -DM, and -DO molecules". J. Immunol. 161 (7). UNITED STATES: 3282–91. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 9759843.
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Gorakh Mal (2012). Investigation of cellular functions of tetraspanin CD63. ISBN 978-3-659-18758-2; Publishers: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (LAP), GmbH & Co., Germany.
Further reading
External links
- CD63+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Human CD63 genome location and CD63 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.