List of current heads of state and government
This is a list of current heads of state and government, showing heads of state and heads of government where different, mainly in parliamentary systems. Often a leader is both in presidential systems. Some states have semi-presidential systems, where the head of government role (i.e. executive branch) is fulfilled by both the listed head of government and head of state.
The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads who will take office on an appointed date.
Member and observer states of the United Nations
- Legend:
Yellow highlighted cells indicate state leaders whose constitutionally interpreted positions (e.g. de jure) individually administer the governmental executive, legislature
Blue highlighted cells distinguish heads of state or party leaders chiefly regarded as exercising (e.g. de facto) further systemic influence, authority within their system of government
- Names in small font generally denote acting, transitional, temporary leaders, or representatives. Other notes and exceptions are provided at § Notes.
Other states
The following states control their territory and are recognised by at least one UN member state.
The following states/governments control their territory, but are not recognised by any UN member states.
Other governments
These alternative governments are recognised as a sovereign state by at least one UN member.[citation needed]
See also
2
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x In this state, the president is both head of state and government; the office of prime minister may exist in these states, but it does not direct executive power (neither does the Afghan Chief Executive Officer, nor the Burmese State Counsellor, either).
- ^ a b The President of France and the French Co-Prince of Andorra are positions held by the same person.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Constitutionally, Elizabeth is separately and equally monarch of 16 sovereign states (alongside the United Kingdom) known collectively as the Commonwealth realms. In each of these states, with the exception of the UK (where she permanently resides) she is duly represented at the national level by a governor-general.
- ^ The acting three-member Austrian Federal Presidential college (made up of the three Presidents of the National Council) is a collective and temporary head of state.
- ^ The three-member Bosnian presidency is the head of state collectively.
- ^ Temer assumed the Brazilian presidential powers and duties during the course of the suspension of Dilma Rousseff on 12 May. Temer assumed the presidency outright when Rousseff was impeached on 31 August.
- ^ a b The Governor-General of New Zealand and the Governor-General of Niue are positions held by the same person.
- ^ The term "Supreme Leader" is used as a description (for the sake of brevity) rather than being an official title of a single office.
The three actual offices held by Kim are:
- Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea
- Chairman of the State Affairs Commission
- Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army
- ^ The President (otherwise known as Chairman) of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly accepts the credentials of foreign ambassadors, signs treaties, receives visiting heads of state, and represents North Korea on all state visits (ceremonial functions usually performed by heads of state in other states). The president has held these duties since 1998, when the constitution was revised.
- ^ Since 2012, the Grand and General Council of San Marino has held a larger proportion of seats for the Christian Democratic Party than those for the Popular Alliance; it can thus be inferred that the partner belonging to the former party exercises wider legislative capabilities than the latter through its parliamentary superiority, outnumbering the latter party over 4,000 seats.
- ^ The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is head of state and government collectively. As a party to the Council, the president serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- ^ In theory, Erdoğan is barred from wielding political power (with the head of state constitutionally and legislatively bound to act within ceremonial capacity). Despite these legal constraints, Erdoğan has sought to preserve his persona as the paramount strongman of Turkish politics, and is widely perceived by both the Turkish public and media in general as in practice the paramount leader of Turkey itself (notwithstanding his resignation as prime minister and election to the Turkish presidency). Moreover, considering the unconstitutional nature of these circumstances, constitutional experts[who?] have frequently referred to his persistent partisan leverage favouring the Justice and Development Party (AKP), the ruling party he founded and hitherto led, as the extended root of his political capital.
- ^ a b States in free association with New Zealand.
External links
- CIDOB Foundation Template:Es icon—contextualised biographies of world political leaders
- EmilePhaneuf—an archived, partial list of official websites for heads of state
- Portale Storia Template:Es icon—a list of current rulers by country
- Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places
- United Nations—a list of heads of state, heads of government, and foreign ministers
- WorldStatesmen—an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories