Neramexane

Neramexane
Clinical data
ATC code	none;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1,3,3,5,5-pentamethylcyclohexanamine;
CAS Number	219810-59-0 ;
PubChem CID	6433106;
ChemSpider	4938294 ;
UNII	856DX0KJ84;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40176399 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.107.752
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H23N
Molar mass	169.307 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CC1(CC(CC(C1)(C)N)(C)C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C11H23N/c1-9(2)6-10(3,4)8-11(5,12)7-9/h6-8,12H2,1-5H3 ; Key:OGZQTTHDGQBLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Neramexane is a drug related to memantine,^[1] which acts as an NMDA antagonist^[2] and has neuroprotective effects.^[3] It is being developed for various possible applications, including treatment of tinnitus,^[4]^[5] Alzheimer's disease,^[6] drug addiction^[7] and as an analgesic.^[8] Animal studies have also suggested antidepressant^[9] and nootropic^[10] actions, so there are a wide range of potential applications this drug may be used for. It also acts as a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.^[11]

A clinical trial found that doses of 50mg and above safely improved tinnitus scores over 16 weeks.^[12]

References

^ Gilling, K; Jatzke, C; Wollenburg, C; Vanejevs, M; Kauss, V; Jirgensons, A; Parsons, CG (2007). "A novel class of amino-alkylcyclohexanes as uncompetitive, fast, voltage-dependent, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists--in vitro characterization". Journal of Neural Transmission. 114 (12): 1529–37. doi:10.1007/s00702-007-0792-7. PMID 17728997.
^ Danysz, W; Parsons, CG; Jirgensons, A; Kauss, V; Tillner, J (2002). "Amino-alkyl-cyclohexanes as a novel class of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 8 (10): 835–43. doi:10.2174/1381612024607117. PMID 11945134.
^ Danysz, W; Parsons, CG (Mar 2002). "Neuroprotective potential of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists". Neurotoxicity Research. 4 (2): 119–26. doi:10.1080/10298420290015872. PMID 12829411.
^ Clinical trial number NCT00405886 for "Neramexane for Tinnitus" at ClinicalTrials.gov
^ Clinical trial number NCT00739635 for "Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Neramexane in Patients With Subjective Tinnitus" at ClinicalTrials.gov
^ Rammes, G; Schierloh, A (Feb 2006). "Neramexane (merz pharmaceuticals/forest laboratories)". IDrugs. 9 (2): 128–35. PMID 16523403.
^ Kotlinska, J; Biala, G; Rafalski, P; Bochenski, M; Danysz, W (Oct 2004). "Effect of neramexane on ethanol dependence and reinforcement". European Journal of Pharmacology. 503 (1–3): 95–8. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.09.036. PMID 15496302.
^ Klein, T; Magerl, W; Hanschmann, A; Althaus, M; Treede, RD (Jan 2008). "Antihyperalgesic and analgesic properties of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist neramexane in a human surrogate model of neurogenic hyperalgesia". European Journal of Pain. 12 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.02.002. PMID 17449306.
^ Kos, T; Legutko, B; Danysz, W; Samoriski, G; Popik, P (Sep 2006). "Enhancement of antidepressant-like effects but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression by the novel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist neramexane in mice". Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 318 (3): 1128–36. doi:10.1124/jpet.106.103697. PMID 16740621.
^ Zoladz, PR; Campbell, AM; Park, CR; Schaefer, D; Danysz, W; Diamond, DM (Oct 2006). "Enhancement of long-term spatial memory in adult rats by the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists, memantine and neramexane". Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviour. 85 (2): 298–306. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.08.011. PMID 17045636.
^ Plazas PV, Savino J, Kracun S, et al. (July 2007). "Inhibition of the alpha9alpha10 nicotinic cholinergic receptor by neramexane, an open channel blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors". European Journal of Pharmacology. 566 (1–3): 11–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.026.
^ "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neramexane in patients with moderate to severe subjective tinnitus". BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders. 11: 1. Jan 2011. doi:10.1186/1472-6815-11-1. PMID 21223542.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

Template:Nootropics

This drug article relating to the nervous system is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Gilling, K; Jatzke, C; Wollenburg, C; Vanejevs, M; Kauss, V; Jirgensons, A; Parsons, CG (2007). "A novel class of amino-alkylcyclohexanes as uncompetitive, fast, voltage-dependent, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists--in vitro characterization". Journal of Neural Transmission. 114 (12): 1529–37. doi:10.1007/s00702-007-0792-7. PMID 17728997.

[2] Danysz, W; Parsons, CG; Jirgensons, A; Kauss, V; Tillner, J (2002). "Amino-alkyl-cyclohexanes as a novel class of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 8 (10): 835–43. doi:10.2174/1381612024607117. PMID 11945134.

[3] Danysz, W; Parsons, CG (Mar 2002). "Neuroprotective potential of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists". Neurotoxicity Research. 4 (2): 119–26. doi:10.1080/10298420290015872. PMID 12829411.

[4] Clinical trial number NCT00405886 for "Neramexane for Tinnitus" at ClinicalTrials.gov

[5] Clinical trial number NCT00739635 for "Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Neramexane in Patients With Subjective Tinnitus" at ClinicalTrials.gov

[6] Rammes, G; Schierloh, A (Feb 2006). "Neramexane (merz pharmaceuticals/forest laboratories)". IDrugs. 9 (2): 128–35. PMID 16523403.

[7] Kotlinska, J; Biala, G; Rafalski, P; Bochenski, M; Danysz, W (Oct 2004). "Effect of neramexane on ethanol dependence and reinforcement". European Journal of Pharmacology. 503 (1–3): 95–8. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.09.036. PMID 15496302.

[8] Klein, T; Magerl, W; Hanschmann, A; Althaus, M; Treede, RD (Jan 2008). "Antihyperalgesic and analgesic properties of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist neramexane in a human surrogate model of neurogenic hyperalgesia". European Journal of Pain. 12 (1): 17–29. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.02.002. PMID 17449306.

[9] Kos, T; Legutko, B; Danysz, W; Samoriski, G; Popik, P (Sep 2006). "Enhancement of antidepressant-like effects but not brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression by the novel N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist neramexane in mice". Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 318 (3): 1128–36. doi:10.1124/jpet.106.103697. PMID 16740621.

[10] Zoladz, PR; Campbell, AM; Park, CR; Schaefer, D; Danysz, W; Diamond, DM (Oct 2006). "Enhancement of long-term spatial memory in adult rats by the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists, memantine and neramexane". Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviour. 85 (2): 298–306. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.08.011. PMID 17045636.

[pmid-11] Plazas PV, Savino J, Kracun S, et al. (July 2007). "Inhibition of the alpha9alpha10 nicotinic cholinergic receptor by neramexane, an open channel blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors". European Journal of Pharmacology. 566 (1–3): 11–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.03.026.

[12] "A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neramexane in patients with moderate to severe subjective tinnitus". BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders. 11: 1. Jan 2011. doi:10.1186/1472-6815-11-1. PMID 21223542.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

v t e Psychoanaleptics: Anti-dementia agents (ATC code N06D and others)
AChE inhibitor medications	Benzgalantamine Donepezil (+memantine) Galantamine Ipidacrine Rivastigmine Tacrine
Other medications	Aducanumab Bifemelane Donanemab Ginkgo folium Lecanemab Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine) Memantine (+donepezil) Nicergoline
Experimental BACE inhibitors	Lanabecestat Verubecestat

v t e Treatment of drug dependence (N07B)
Nicotine dependence	Bupropion^# Cytisine Lobeline Mecamylamine Varenicline AATooltip Adrenergic agonist (Clonidine)
Alcohol dependence	AD inhibitor Disulfiram Acamprosate Calcium carbimide Hydrogen cyanamide General anesthetics Nitrous oxide Opioid antagonists Naltrexone Nalmefene Topiramate AATooltip Adrenergic agonist (Clonidine) Baclofen Phenibut
Opioid dependence	AATooltip Adrenergic agonist (Clonidine Lofexidine) Ibogaine Opioids Buprenorphine (+naloxone) Levacetylmethadol Methadone Dihydrocodeine Dihydroetorphine Hydromorphone (extended-release) Morphine (extended-release) Opioid antagonists (Naltrexone Nalmefene)
Benzodiazepine dependence	AATooltip Adrenergic agonist (Clonidine) Benzodiazepines (Diazepam Lorazepam Chlordiazepoxide Oxazepam) Barbiturates (Phenobarbital)

See also

References