Visa requirements for Australian citizens

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An Australian passport

Visa requirements for Australian citizens are visa requirements imposed by other states on entry by Australian citizens who wish to enter into their country using an Australian passport.

In 2015 holders of an Australian passport can visit 168 countries and territories visa-free or with visa on arrival, and Australia is currently ranked 6th in terms of travel freedom, ranked behind Austria, Ireland, Singapore, Switzerland (5th placing, 169 countries) but above Greece and Malta (7th placing, 167 countries) according to the Visa Restrictions Index.[1]

Besides visa requirements, most countries specify other requirements which preclude the entry of Australian and other citizens into their country, for example a prospective entrant has a criminal history, or health issues, evidence of sufficient funds, evidence of ticket for exit, etc.

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Australian passport holders

Reciprocity issues

In 2014 Bulgaria, Cyprus and Romania notified the European Commission that they consider Australia requires a visa for their citizens.[2] Implications are that if the notification is accepted the EU may suspend the visa exemption for certain categories of Australian nationals and at the latest six months after publication of the regulation, the Commission may decide to suspend the visa-free access to all Australian citizens.[3]

Some countries regard the ETA as being equivalent to visa-free travel when deciding whether to grant the same to Australians wishing to enter their territory. The United States, for example, offers their Visa Waiver Program to Australian passport-holders,[4] and one of the conditions for joining this scheme is that "Governments provide reciprocal visa-free travel for U.S. citizens for 90 days for tourism or business purposes".[5] However, United States require from January 2009 similar ETA from citizens of Australia and some more countries. This system is not called visa, but Electronic System for Travel Authorization, therefore the USA still allows visa-free travel for Australians. As of December 1998, Japan has also granted visa-free access to Australians.[6] Other ETA eligible countries and territories Canada,[7] Hong Kong,[8] Malaysia,[9] Singapore,[10] South Korea (90 days)[11] and Taiwan (90 days)[12] also grant visa-free access to Australians while Brunei grants Australians a 30-day visa on arrival.[13]

Visa requirements

Each country has a multitude of visa types, each with its particular purpose and requirements. Rules for short visits by ordinary passport holders are as follows:

Country Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[14]
 Albania Visa not required[15] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[16]
 Andorra Visa not required[17]
 Angola Visa required[18]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[19] 1 month
 Argentina Reciprocity fee in advance[20] 90 days. Reciprocity fee must be paid online in advance (valid for 1 year).[21]
 Armenia Visa on arrival[22] 120 days. Obtainable on arrival at Zvartnots International Airport or prior to travel online.[23]
 Austria Visa not required[24] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Azerbaijan Visa required[25]
 Bahamas Visa not required[26] 3 months
 Bahrain Visa on arrival[27] 14 days
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[28] 30 days. Not available at all entry points.[29]
 Barbados Visa not required[30] 6 months
 Belarus Visa required[31] Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport
if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[32]
 Belgium Visa not required[33] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Belize Visa not required[34] 1 month[35]
 Benin Visa required[36]
 Bhutan Visa required[37]
 Bolivia Visa not required[38] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[39] 90 days within 180 days
 Botswana Visa not required[40] 90 days per year
 Brazil Visa required[41]
 Brunei Visa on arrival[42] 30 days
 Bulgaria Visa not required[43] 90 days within 180 days
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[44] 1 month
 Burundi Visa on arrival[45] 3 months
 Cambodia Visa on arrival[46] 30 days. Visa is also obtainable online.[47]
 Cameroon Visa required[48]
 Canada Visa not required[49] 6 months; eTA required if arriving by air from March 15, 2016.[50]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[51] Not available at all entry points.[52]
 Central African Republic Visa required[53]
 Chad Visa required[54]
 Chile Reciprocity fee on arrival[55] 90 days
 China Visa required[56] 72-hours visa free visit when in transit at Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Guangzhou, Guilin, Shanghai, Shenyang, Xi'an and Wuhan.
 Colombia Visa not required[57] 180 days
 Comoros Visa on arrival[58]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[59]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[60]
 Costa Rica Visa not required[61] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[62] 3 months; eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
 Croatia Visa not required[63] 90 days within 180 days
 Cuba Tourist Card required[64]
 Cyprus Visa not required[65] 90 days within 180 days
 Czech Republic Visa not required[66] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Denmark Visa not required[67] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Djibouti Visa on arrival[68] Not available at all entry points.[69]
 Dominica Visa not required[70] 6 months
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[71] 90 days (10 USD Tourist Card valid for 30 days must be purchased upon arrival)
 Ecuador Visa not required[72] 90 days[35]
 Egypt Visa on arrival[73] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[74] 3 months
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[75]
 Eritrea Visa required[76]
 Estonia Visa not required[77] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Ethiopia Visa on arrival[78] Not available at all entry points.[79]
 Fiji Visa not required[80] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[81] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 France and territories Visa not required[82] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area (in Regions of France)
 Gabon e-Visa[83] Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.
 Gambia Visa not required[84] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[85] 360 days[86]
 Germany Visa not required[87] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Ghana Visa required[88]
 Greece Visa not required[89] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Grenada Visa not required[90] 3 months[35]
 Guatemala Visa not required[91] 90 days
 Guinea Visa required[92]
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[93] 90 days
 Guyana Visa not required[94] 3 months
 Haiti Visa not required[95] 3 months
 Honduras Visa not required[96] 3 months
 Hungary Visa not required[97] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Iceland Visa not required[98] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 India e-Tourist Visa[99] 30 days
 Indonesia Visa on arrival[100] 30 days
 Iran Visa on arrival[101] 30 days[102]
 Iraq Visa required[103]
 Ireland Visa not required[104] 3 months
 Israel Visa not required[105] 3 months
 Italy Visa not required[106] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Jamaica Visa not required[107]
 Japan Visa not required[108] 90 days
 Jordan Visa on arrival[109] Conditions apply.[110] Not available at all entry points.[111]
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[112] 15 days; effective 15 July 2015[113]
 Kenya eVisa[114] 3 months; also visa on arrival until 1 September 2015
 Kiribati Visa not required[115] 30 days
 North Korea Visa required[116]
 South Korea Visa not required[117] 90 days
 Kuwait Visa on arrival[118] 3 months
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[119] 60 days
 Laos Visa on arrival[120] 30 days.[35] Not available at all entry points.[121]
 Latvia Visa not required[122] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Lebanon Visa on arrival[123] 1 month. Not available at all entry points.[124]
 Lesotho Visa not required[125] 14 days[35]
 Liberia Visa required[126]
 Libya Visa required[127]
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[128] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Lithuania Visa not required[129] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Luxembourg Visa not required[130] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Macedonia Visa not required[131] 90 days within 180 days
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[132] 30 days free of charge
 Malawi Visa on arrival[133]
 Malaysia Visa not required[134] 3 months
 Maldives Visa on arrival[135] 30 days[35]
 Mali Visa required[136]
 Malta Visa not required[137] 90 days within 180 days
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[138] 90 days
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[139]
 Mauritius Visa not required[140] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[141] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[142] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[143] 90 days within 180 days
 Monaco Visa not required[144]
 Mongolia Visa required[145]
 Montenegro Visa not required[146] 90 days within 180 days
 Morocco Visa not required[147] 3 months
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[148] 30 days, conditions apply[149]
 Myanmar eVisa[150] 28 days. eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports. 70 Days for eVisa Business Visa and (VOA) Visa On Arrival Business Visa.
 Namibia Visa not required[151] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[152]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[153] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[154] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area (European Netherlands)
 New Zealand Freedom of movement[155] Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement
 Nicaragua Visa not required[156] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[157]
 Nigeria Visa required[158]
 Norway Visa not required[159] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Oman Visa on arrival[160] 30 days[35]
 Pakistan Visa required[161] Visa on arrival when travelling on business valid for 30 days. Conditions apply.[162]
 Palau Visa on arrival[163] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[164] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[165]
 Paraguay Visa on arrival[166] 90 days, only available at Asunción Airport. Reciprocity fee applies.
 Peru Visa not required[167] 183 days
 Philippines Visa not required[168] 30 days
 Poland Visa not required[169] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Portugal Visa not required[170] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Qatar Visa on arrival[171] 1 month. Not available at all entry points.[172]
 Romania Visa not required[173] 90 days within 180 days
 Russia Visa required[174]
 Rwanda Visa on arrival[175] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[176] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[177] 6 weeks
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[178] 1 month
 Samoa Entry Permit on arrival[179] 60 days
 San Marino Visa not required[180]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[181]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[182]
 Senegal Free visa on arrival[183] 3 months
 Serbia Visa not required[184] 90 days within 180 days
 Seychelles Visitor's Permit on arrival[185] 1 month[35]
 Sierra Leone Visa required[186]
 Singapore Visa not required[187] 90 days Reg. 12(7) for Social Visit
 Slovakia Visa not required[188] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Slovenia Visa not required[189] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Solomon Islands Visitor's permit on arrival[190] 3 months
 Somalia Visa on arrival[191] 30 days, provided an invitation letter issued by the sponsor has been submitted
to the Airport Immigration Department at least 2 days before arrival.
 South Africa Visa not required[192] 90 days
 South Sudan Visa required[193]
 Spain Visa not required[194] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Sri Lanka Electronic Travel Authorization[195] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[196]
 Suriname Visa required[197]
 Swaziland Visa not required[198] 30 days[35]
 Sweden Visa not required[199] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
  Switzerland Visa not required[200] 90 days within 180 days in the Schengen area
 Syria Visa required[201]
 Tajikistan Visa on arrival[202] 45 days
 Tanzania Visa on arrival[203]
 Thailand Visa not required[204] 30 days by air, 15 days by land
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[205] 30 days. Not available at all entry points.[206]
 Togo Visa on arrival[207] 7 days
 Tonga Visa on arrival[208] 31 days
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa on arrival[209] 30 days
 Tunisia Visa not required[210][211] 3 months
 Turkey eVisa[212] 3 months.[213] Cruise ship passengers do not require a visa for up to 72 hours.[214] eVisa can be obtained on arrival for a higher fee.
 Turkmenistan Visa required[215]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[216] 1 month[35]
 Uganda Visa on arrival[217] Determined at the port of entry.
 Ukraine Visa required[218] Invitation letter is not required for Australian citizens.[219]
 United Arab Emirates Visa on arrival[220] 30 days
 United Kingdom Visa not required[221] 6 months
 United States Visa Waiver Program[222] 90 days on arrival from overseas; ESTA (valid for 2 years when issued) required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[223]
 Uruguay Visa not required[224] 3 months
 Uzbekistan Visa required[225]
 Vanuatu Visa not required[226] 30 days[35]
 Vatican City Visa not required[227]
 Venezuela Visa not required[228] 90 days
 Vietnam Visa required[229] Pre-arranged visa obtained online through travel agencies available at Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City or Da Nang airports.
Phú Quốc without a visa for up to 30 days.[230]
 Yemen Visa required[231]
 Zambia Visa on arrival[232] 90 days; also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe. eVisa available.
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[233] 3 months. Strictly tourism purposes only. Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia. eVisa available.

Territories

Visa requirements for Australian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[234]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[235][236]
Belarus Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park Visa not required 3 days;[237] must first obtain an electronic pass[238]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa required Visa issued by Russia is required.[239]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[240][241]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[242] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[243]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[244]
 Guernsey Visa not required[245]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[246]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[247] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[248]
 Jersey Visa not required[249]
 Kosovo Visa not required 90 days[250]
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[251][252] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[253]
 Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[254][255]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[256]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[257][258]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[259][260]
Africa
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[261]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[262]
 Ascension Island Entry Permit required Entry Permit must be obtained minimum 28 days in advance (3 months for 20/30 pounds sterling, single/double entry).[263]
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[264]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[265]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[266][267]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[268]
Asia
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
China Hainan Visa not required 15 days[269]
 Hong Kong Visa not required 3 months[270]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh.
Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[271][272][273][274][275][276]
 Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[277]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[278]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[279]
 Macao Visa not required 30 days[280]
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[281]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[282]
 Palestine Visa not required[283] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[284]
 Taiwan Visa not required 90 days - effective from January 1, 2015 for one year.[285]
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[286][287][288]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[289][290][291]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days[292]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[293]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[294]
 Aruba Visa not required 30 days, extendable to 180 days[295][296]
 Bermuda Visa not required Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[297]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 3 months[298][299]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[300]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 6 months[301]
 Curacao Visa not required 3 months[302]
France French Guiana Visa not required 3 months[303]
France French West Indies Visa not required 3 months (French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy)[304]
 Greenland Visa not required[243]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[305]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[306][307]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required 3 months[308][309]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days[310]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa not required Under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[311]
Oceania
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Entry permit required Entry permit is required.[312]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[313]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[314]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[315]
 Guam Visa not required Under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[316]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[317]
 French Polynesia Visa not required 90 days within 180 days[318]
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[319]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[320] Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee 35 USD or tax of 5 USD if not going ashore.[321][322][323]
 Puerto Rico Visa not required Under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.[324]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[325][326][327][328][329][330][331]
South America
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[332]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa not required Visa is not required.[333]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[334][335]
Antarctica Special permits required for Norway Bouvet Island,  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica,
Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands,
Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[336][337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347]

Additional rules

Visa exemptions for Schengen states

A stay in the Schengen Area as a whole of more than three months (but no more than three months in any individual member state)

The Australian Government has signed bilateral visa waiver agreements with a number of the individual countries who are Schengen signatories, which allow Australian citizens to spend up to three months in the relevant country, without reference to time spent in other Schengen signatory states. Since these agreements continue to remain valid despite the implementation of the Schengen agreement, the European Commission has confirmed that in practice if Australians visit Schengen countries which have signed these types of bilateral agreements with Australia, then the terms of these agreements override the conditions normally imposed as a result of the Schengen visa exemption agreement.

Australia has individual bilateral visa waiver agreements with the following Schengen signatories:

Consequently, Australian citizens can visit the above Schengen member states visa-free for periods of up to three months in each country. If, however, an Australian citizen then visits another Schengen state not included in the list above, the restriction of no more than three months out of a six-month period in the Schengen area as a whole applies. Therefore, if an Australian citizen has already spent three months in one or more of the above Schengen countries, any visits to another Schengen country without a bilateral visa waiver agreement with Australia may lead to difficulties with local law enforcement agencies (e.g. being accused of having overstayed upon leaving a Schengen country which is not in the list above).

A stay in the Schengen Area as a whole of up to three months

Australian citizens are classified as 'Annex II' foreign nationals, and so are permitted to stay visa-free in the 26 member states of the Schengen Area as a whole — rather than each country individually — for a period not exceeding 3 months every 6 months.

During the visa exemption period, Australian citizens are permitted to work in Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovenia and Sweden.[350] In addition, Australian citizens intending to stay and work in Estonia for up to 90 days can do so without a visa as long as the employer has completed a 'registration of short-term employment'.[351]

A stay in the Schengen Area as a whole of more than 3 months (and more than 3 months in an individual member state)

In general, any person who is not a European Union, European Economic Area or Swiss citizen and who wishes to stay in a Schengen member state for more than 3 months is required to obtain a national long-stay 'D' visa and/or a residence permit. Australian citizens aged 18–30 (or 18-35 in some cases) are able to obtain a national long-stay 'D' visa and/or a residence permit from some Schengen member states on the basis of a working holiday (see below). Schengen member states also issue national long-stay 'D' visas and residence permits for other reasons to those fulfilling criteria laid out in their national immigration policies (e.g. skilled workers, students, au pair).

In general, the national long-stay 'D' visa/residence permit needs to be obtained in advance through the member state's embassy/consulate. However, some Schengen member states offer exceptions for Australian citizens.

 Austria allows Australian citizens to enter the country without a visa and to apply for a temporary residence permit or a 'Red-White-Red Card' (issued to permanent immigrants) after arrival, rather than in advance through an Austrian embassy/consulate.[352][353]

The  Czech Republic allows Australian citizens to apply for a work visa under a special scheme known as a 'Green Card' (rather than a 'Blue Card' or work permit which is required by most non-EU citizens). The application for a Green Card can be lodged at any Czech embassy/consulate (or, in some circumstances, within the Czech Republic if the applicant is already resident there) and is usually processed within 60 days.[354] Note that 'Green Cards' are no longer issued after 24 June 2014.[355]

 Germany permits Australian citizens intending to stay in the country for over 3 months to enter without a visa and to apply for a residence permit after arrival (whilst for many other non-EEA and Swiss citizens, a residence permit and visa for a stay over 3 months must be applied for in advance at a German foreign mission).[356][357]

 Estonia permits Australian citizens to stay and work in Estonia for more than 90 days but less than 6 months as long as they obtain a category 'D' long-stay visa at a cost of €80 in advance at an Estonian foreign mission after the employer has completed a 'registration of short-term employment'.[358] Australian citizens intending to stay and work in Estonia for more than 6 months can apply for a temporary residence permit for employment after arrival in the country.[359]

 Hungary allows Australian citizens who wish to stay for more than 90 days in the country to apply for a residence card from the regional directorate of the Office of Immigration and Nationality within 90 days of arrival and do not need to obtain a residence permit prior to arrival in Hungary (unlike most other non-EEA and Swiss foreign nationals).[360]

 Latvia permits Australian citizens intending to stay in the country for over 3 months as self-employed persons or as businesspersons to enter Latvia without a visa and to apply for a residence permit after arrival (whilst for many non-EEA and Swiss citizens, an application for a residence permit must be lodged in advance at a Latvian foreign mission).[361]

 Netherlands exempts Australian citizens from the requirement to obtain a Schengen category "D" visa (the visa issued for long term stays in The Netherlands of over 90 days, known in Dutch as the "MVV" visa) - an exemption which goes beyond the visa waiver afforded to most other non-EEA and non-Swiss foreign nationals who are usually only given a visa waiver of up to 90 days in a 180-day period.[362]

 Norway permits Australian citizens who have qualifications as a skilled worker to stay in the country without a visa for up to 6 months to seek employment as a skilled worker or a specialist (except as a religious leader/teacher or an ethnic cook), as long as they register with the police within 3 months of arriving in Norway.[363]

Visa exemptions and requirements for the United Kingdom

Australian citizens are able to visit the United Kingdom for up to 6 months (or 3 months if they enter from the Republic of Ireland) without the need to apply for a visa as long as they fulfil all of the following criteria:

  • they do not work during their stay in the UK
  • they must not register a marriage or register a civil partnership during their stay in the UK
  • they can present evidence of sufficient money to fund their stay in the UK (if requested by the border inspection officer)
  • they intend to leave the UK at the end of their visit and can meet the cost of the return/onward journey
  • they have completed a landing card and submitted it at passport control unless in direct transit to a destination outside the Common Travel Area[364]
  • if under the age of 18, they can demonstrate evidence of suitable care arrangements and parental (or guardian's) consent for their stay in the UK[365]

However, even though, strictly speaking, he or she is not required to apply for a visa if he or she satisfies all of the above criteria, an Australian citizen who falls into any of the following categories has been strongly advised by the UK Border Agency (replaced by UK Visas and Immigration) to apply for a visa prior to travelling to the UK:

  • he/she has any unspent criminal convictions in any country
  • he/she has previously been refused or breached the terms of any entry to the UK, or been deported or otherwise removed from the UK
  • he/she has previously applied for a visa and been refused one
  • he/she has been warned by a UK official that he/she should obtain a visa before travelling to the UK

Australian citizens who were born before 1983 [citation needed] and qualify for the right of abode are able to live and work in the United Kingdom indefinitely.

Australian citizens with a grandparent born either in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands or Isle of Man at any time or in the Republic of Ireland on or before 31 March 1922 can apply for UK Ancestry Entry Clearance, which enables them to work in the UK for five years, after which they can apply to settle indefinitely.

Australian citizens aged 18 to 30 can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa which allows them to pursue a working holiday in the UK for two years.

Visa exemption for New Zealand

By virtue of the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement, Australian citizens are exempt from the requirement to hold a permit on arrival in New Zealand and may reside or work for an indefinite period as long as:[366]

  • they present a valid Australian passport OR hold a foreign passport showing their Australian Citizen Endorsement or Australian Citizen Declaratory Visa (either with a label or a confirmation letter) as evidence of their Australian citizenship
  • they have no criminal convictions
  • they have no untreated tuberculosis
  • they have not been deported, excluded or removed from any country

Travel ban

It is an offence for Australians to travel or remain in Declared Areas. Those are currently parts of northern Iraq and parts of northern Syria.

Vaccination

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination for Yellow Fever. Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area.[367]

Passport validity

Many countries require passport validity of no less than 6 months and one or two blank pages.[368]

Countries requiring passport validity of at least 6 months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Bhutan, Botswana, Brunei, Cambodia, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Guyana, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq (except when arriving at Basra - 3 months and Erbil or Sulaimaniyah - on arrival), Israel, Kenya, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Namibia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Taiwan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, countries requiring passport validity of at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia, Zambia, countries requiring passport validity of at least 3 months on arrival include European Union countries (except Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom), Georgia, Honduras, Iceland, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Nauru, Panama, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and countries requiring passport validity of at least 1 month on arrival include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Macao, South Africa.[369] Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or passport valid throughout the period of intended stay.

Israeli stamps

Visitors with passport stamp of Israel are not allowed to enter a number of countries because of the Arab League boycott of Israel. Israel have since stopped the usage of stamps on passports in general and is now using electronic ticketing system.

Fingerprinting

Several countries including Argentina, Cambodia, Japan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, United States, South Korea demand all passengers to be fingerprinted on arrival.[370][371][372][373][374][375][376]

Furthermore, the UAE conducts retina scanning on visitors, however, that is normally for those who have to apply for a visa.[377]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Global Ranking - Visa Restriction Index 2015" (PDF). Henley & Partners. Retrieved 5 Oct 2015.
  2. ^ "Information from the Commission about notifications by the Member States of cases of non-reciprocity in accordance with Article 1(4)(a) of Council Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 as amended by Regulation (EU) No 1289/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council". European Commission. 12 April 2014. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
  3. ^ EU gives US six months to come clean on visa policy
  4. ^ "Visa Waiver Program (VWP)". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
  5. ^ "Visa Waiver Program - How a Country Qualifies". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
  6. ^ "Visa Free Entry to Japan for Short-term Visitors from Australia". Department of Immigration and Citizenship. 1998-11-05. Archived from the original on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2007-08-31.
  7. ^ "Countries and territories whose citizens do not need a visa (visa exemptions)". Citizenship and Immigration Canada. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  8. ^ "Visit Visa / Entry Permit Requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region". Immigration Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  9. ^ "Visa Requirement by Country". Immigration Department of Malaysia. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  10. ^ "Visa Requirements for Entry into Singapore". High Commission of The Republic of Singapore - London. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  11. ^ "Nationals of countries or regions allowed for visa-free entry". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  12. ^ "Visa-Exempt Entry and Landing Visas". Retrieved 19 January 2015.
  13. ^ "Visa Information". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 25 September 2013.
  14. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  15. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  16. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  17. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  18. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  19. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  20. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  21. ^ [1]
  22. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  23. ^ e-Visa - Republic of Armenia Electronic Visa System
  24. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  25. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  26. ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  27. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  28. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  29. ^ Available at Shahjalal International Airport, Shah Amanat International Airport and Osmani International Airport only.
  30. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  31. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  32. ^ [2]
  33. ^ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  34. ^ Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Extendable length of stay.
  36. ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  37. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  38. ^ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  39. ^ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  40. ^ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  41. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  42. ^ Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  43. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  44. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  46. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  47. ^ [3]
  48. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  49. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. ^ canada.ca/eTA
  51. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  52. ^ Obtainable at Nelson Mandela International Airport, Cesária Évora Airport, Amílcar Cabral International Airport and Aristides Pereira International Airport.
  53. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  54. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  55. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  56. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  57. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  58. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  59. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  60. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  61. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  62. ^ Visa at International Airport Felix Houphouet Boigny in Abidjan
  63. ^ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  64. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  65. ^ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  66. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  67. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  68. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  69. ^ Obtainable at Djibouti–Ambouli International Airport.
  70. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  71. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  72. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  73. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  74. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  75. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  76. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  77. ^ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  78. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  79. ^ Obtainable at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport.
  80. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  81. ^ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  82. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  83. ^ Gabon e-Visa
  84. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  85. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  86. ^ Georgia Restores One-Year Visa-Free Rules
  87. ^ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  88. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  89. ^ Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
  90. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  91. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  92. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  93. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  94. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  95. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  96. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  97. ^ Countries that do not need a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary.
  98. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
  99. ^ e-Tourist Visa
  100. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  101. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  102. ^ Iran extends airport visa validity to 30 days
  103. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  104. ^ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  105. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  106. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  107. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  108. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  109. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  110. ^ "Visa Information". Timatic. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  111. ^ Visa on arrival obtainable at most international ports of entry and at most international land border crossings (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge crossing).
  112. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  113. ^ In Milan, Nazarbayev Announces Extension of Visa Free Regime for 20 Countries
  114. ^ Republic of Kenya - eCitizen portal
  115. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  116. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  117. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  118. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  119. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  120. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  121. ^ Available at international airports Wattay Vientiane, Pakse Savannakhet and Luang Prabang, and at land borders Friendship Bridge, Vientiane and Savannakhet; Nam Heuang Friendship Bridge, Sayabouly Province; and border crossings at Boten-Mohan, Dansavan-Lao Bao, Houaysay-Chiang Khong, Thakhek-Nakhon Phanom, Nong Haet-Nam Kan, Nam Phao-Kao Cheo, Veun Kham-Dong Calor, and Vangtao-Chong Mek as well as Tha Naleng train station in Vientiane, which connects to the train station in Nongkhai, Thailand. Entry points Napao-Chalo, Taichang-Sophoun, Pakxan-Bungkan, and Xiengkok are open only to visa holders.
  122. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  123. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  124. ^ Obtainable at the land border with Syria, the port of Beirut, or Beirut International Airport.
  125. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  126. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  127. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  128. ^ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  129. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  130. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  131. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  132. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  133. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  134. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  135. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  136. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  137. ^ Who requires a visa?, Identity Malta.
  138. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  139. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  140. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  141. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  142. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  143. ^ [4]
  144. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  145. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  146. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  147. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  148. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  149. ^ "Visa Information". Timatic. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  150. ^ Myanmar eVisa
  151. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  152. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  153. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. ^ Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
  155. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  156. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  157. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  158. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  159. ^ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  160. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  161. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  162. ^ [5]
  163. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  164. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  165. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  166. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  167. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  168. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  169. ^ Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  170. ^ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  171. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  172. ^ Available only at Doha International Airport.
  173. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  174. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  175. ^ [6]
  176. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  177. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  178. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  179. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  180. ^ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
  181. ^ http://www.smf.st/virtualvisa/
  182. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  183. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  184. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  185. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  186. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  187. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  188. ^ Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
  189. ^ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
  190. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  191. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  192. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  193. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  194. ^ Entry requirements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain.
  195. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  196. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  197. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  198. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  199. ^ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  200. ^ Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
  201. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  202. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  203. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  204. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  205. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  206. ^ Obtainable at the Presidente Nicolau Lobato International Airport or at the Dili Sea Port.
  207. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  208. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  209. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  210. ^ [7]
  211. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  212. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  213. ^ http://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-applications-at-points-of-entry-to-the-republic-of-turkey-as-of-11-april-2014-and-measures-to-be-taken-during-the-transit.en.mfa
  214. ^ [8]
  215. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  216. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  217. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  218. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  219. ^ [9]
  220. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  221. ^ UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  222. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  223. ^ [10]
  224. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  225. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  226. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  227. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  228. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  229. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  230. ^ [11]
  231. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  232. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  233. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  234. ^ http://mfaapsny.org/aps/council/visa.php
  235. ^ http://www.athosfriends.org/PilgrimsGuide/planning/
  236. ^ http://www.mountathosinfos.gr/pages/agionoros/pilgrims_info.en.html
  237. ^ Visa-free trips to Belovezhskaya Pushcha as from 12 June
  238. ^ VISA-FREE TRAVEL THROUGH THE CHECKPOINT «PEREROV - BIALOWIEZA» FOR FOREIGN CITIZENS
  239. ^ Foreigners Now Need Russian Visa to Visit Crimea
  240. ^ http://www.korinia.com/living-north-cyprus.php
  241. ^ http://www.cypnet.co.uk/ncyprus/tourism/tourist.html
  242. ^ http://www.unficyp.org/nqcontent.cfm?a_id=1608&tt=graphic&lang=l1
  243. ^ a b [12]
  244. ^ Visas and immigration, Government of Gibraltar.
  245. ^ Do I require an entry clearance/ VISA
  246. ^ An overview of Immigration in the Isle of Man
  247. ^ http://www.jan-mayen.no/visit.htm
  248. ^ http://www.lovdata.no/for/sf/jd/xd-19620601-0001.html
  249. ^ Visa and passport requirements for visitors
  250. ^ http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,158
  251. ^ http://www.nkr.am/en/the-procedure-of-foreign-citizens-entry-to-the-nkr/92/
  252. ^ http://www.nkrusa.org/nkr_office/visa_travel.shtml
  253. ^ http://mfa.gov.az/index.php?options=content&id=587
  254. ^ Kiev declares passport control on border with rebel-held regions
  255. ^ Ukraine crisis: Kiev imposes passport control around rebel-held regions
  256. ^ "Russian Federation Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  257. ^ http://mfa-rso.su/node/55
  258. ^ http://mfa-rso.su/en/node/406
  259. ^ http://www.luxlana.net/Transdniestr.html
  260. ^ http://transnistria-tour.com/en/rules-and-tipps
  261. ^ http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory?ta=entryRequirements&pg=4
  262. ^ http://www.eritrea.be/MoT.htm
  263. ^ http://www.ascension-island.gov.ac/services/entry-permits/
  264. ^ http://www.sthelenatourism.com/the-island/useful-info/
  265. ^ http://www.tristandc.com/visitsadmin.php
  266. ^ http://www.lonelyplanet.com/somaliland-puntland-and-somalia/practical-information/visas
  267. ^ http://www.somalilandgov.com/Visa%20Application.htm
  268. ^ "Republic of South Sudan Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  269. ^ Hainan Regulated Visa Waiver Policy, Hainan Tourism Development Commission
  270. ^ Visit visa / entry permit requirements for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Immigration Department of Hong Kong, April 2017. Electronic Services for Visa Application, Immigration Department of Hong Kong.
  271. ^ [13]
  272. ^ http://as.and.nic.in/TourismAND/TCorner/ForeignersNew.htm
  273. ^ http://arunachaltourism.com/entry_formalities.php
  274. ^ http://manipurbhawan.nic.in/entryformalities.htm
  275. ^ http://manipurhub.com/news/manipur/protected-area-permit-requirement-lifted-from-manipur-for-one-year/
  276. ^ http://lakshadweeptourism.nic.in/web9.htm
  277. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  278. ^ "Kazakhstan Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  279. ^ "Iran Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  280. ^ Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao, Macao SAR Government Portal.
  281. ^ "Malaysia Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  282. ^ "Maldives Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  283. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  284. ^ "Israel Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  285. ^ Visa, Bureau of Consular Affairs of Taiwan.
  286. ^ http://www.pamirs.org/visas.htm
  287. ^ http://www.traveltajikistan.com/visas/gbao.html
  288. ^ http://tajiktourism.com/tajikistan-visa/
  289. ^ http://www.xzta.gov.cn/yww/Essential/Notice/4719.shtml
  290. ^ http://www.tibettravel.org/tibet-travel-permit/tibet-permits.html
  291. ^ http://www.tibettravelplanner.com/travel_permit.htm
  292. ^ www.vietseatourist.vn/News/category1/news-57/No-visa-required-for-tourists-to-Phu-Quoc-on-short-stay.html
  293. ^ "Yemen Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  294. ^ Visa requirements for Anguilla, Government of Anguilla, October 2016.
  295. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  296. ^ "Aruba Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  297. ^ Bermuda entry visas, Government of Bermuda.
  298. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  299. ^ "Bonaire, St. Eustatius, and Saba (BES) Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  300. ^ Visas, Tourism Board of the British Virgin Islands.
  301. ^ Visa-free and visa-required countries, Department of Immigration of the Cayman Islands.
  302. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  303. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
  304. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
  305. ^ "Vietnam Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  306. ^ [14]
  307. ^ Countries not requiring a visa, Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  308. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
  309. ^ "Sint Maarten Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  310. ^ Requirements to obtain a Turks and Caicos visitor's visa, Ministry of Border Control and Employment of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
  311. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  312. ^ General information, American Samoa Visitors Bureau.
  313. ^ http://www.environment.gov.au/coasts/mpa/ashmore/activities.html
  314. ^ http://www.clipperton.fr/incagen.html?geopolitique.htm~main
  315. ^ http://www.cook-islands.gov.ck/faq.php
  316. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  317. ^ "Fiji Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  318. ^ Ruling of 29 December 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of French Polynesia, Légifrance (in French).
  319. ^ http://www.niueisland.com/getting-niue
  320. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  321. ^ http://www.visitpitcairn.pn/visitpitcairn/visaslegalinfo/touristinfo/index.html
  322. ^ http://www.government.pn/visaInfo.php
  323. ^ http://www.government.pn/immigration%20ordinance.pdf
  324. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  325. ^ http://www.fws.gov/bakerisland/visit.html
  326. ^ http://www.fws.gov/howlandisland/visit.html
  327. ^ http://www.fws.gov/jarvisisland/
  328. ^ http://www.fws.gov/johnstonisland/visit.html
  329. ^ http://www.fws.gov/kingmanreef/visit.html
  330. ^ http://www.fws.gov/midway/visit.html
  331. ^ http://www.fws.gov/palmyraatoll/visit.html
  332. ^ Sistema de Calificación y Control de Residencia - Consejo de Gobierno de Galápagos
  333. ^ http://www.falklandislands.com/product.php/35/17/entry_and_exit_requirements/abce58e896311945651c12e01c7562dc
  334. ^ http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/south-america/south-georgia-south-sandwich#entryRequirements
  335. ^ http://www.sgisland.gs/index.php/(v)Information_for_Visitors_to_South_Georgia?useskin=vis
  336. ^ http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/about_antarctica/tourism/index.php
  337. ^ http://www.fco.gov.uk/content/en/travel-advice/north-central-south-america/12940285/fco_trv_ca_britishantarcticterr?ta=travelSummary&pg=1
  338. ^ http://britishantarcticterritory.fco.gov.uk/en/tourism/
  339. ^ http://www.taaf.fr/Acces-a-l-Antarctique
  340. ^ http://www.taaf.fr/Acces-aux-iles-australes
  341. ^ http://www.taaf.fr/Acces-aux-iles-Eparses
  342. ^ http://www.dna.gov.ar/DIVULGAC/INDEX.HTM
  343. ^ http://www.antarctica.gov.au/living-and-working/predeparture/expeditioner-engagement-information
  344. ^ http://www.heardisland.aq/about/frequently-asked-questions#visit_heard_island
  345. ^ http://www.npolar.no/en/antarctica/peter-I-oy.html
  346. ^ http://www.npolar.no/en/antarctica/dronning-maud-land.html
  347. ^ http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Foreign-Relations/Antarctica/3-New-Zealand-Procedures-for-Visitors-to-Antarctica/index.php
  348. ^ http://www.nyidanmark.dk/en-us/coming_to_dk/visa/Visa_free_travel.htm
  349. ^ http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/EN/EinreiseUndAufenthalt/StaatenlisteVisumpflicht_node.html
  350. ^ Information pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 listing the third countries whose nationals must be in possession of visas when crossing the external borders and those whose nationals are exempt from that requirement
  351. ^ http://www.politsei.ee/en/teenused/working-in-estonia/registration-of-short-term-employment/
  352. ^ http://www.migration.gv.at/en/types-of-immigration/temporary-residence.html
  353. ^ http://www.migration.gv.at/en/types-of-immigration/permanent-immigration-red-white-red-card/very-highly-qualified-workers.html
  354. ^ http://portal.mpsv.cz/sz/zahr_zam/zelka/ciz#jakziskat
  355. ^ http://www.mvcr.cz/mvcren/article/green-cards.aspx
  356. ^ Table of countries whose citizens require/do not require visas to enter Germany
  357. ^ Studying and working in Germany
  358. ^ http://www.vm.ee/?q=en/node/9232
  359. ^ http://www.politsei.ee/en/teenused/residence-permit/tahtajaline-elamisluba/tootamiseks/oluline-info-tootamiseks-elamisloa-taotlejale.dot#erand
  360. ^ [15]
  361. ^ http://www.pmlp.gov.lv/en/pakalpojumi/residence/documents_submitted.html
  362. ^ [16]
  363. ^ http://www.udi.no/Norwegian-Directorate-of-Immigration/Central-topics/Work-and-residence/Do-I-need-a-residence-permit/#skilled
  364. ^ UK Border Agency: Arriving at the UK border (If one is not a citizen of the EU, EEA or Switzerland)
  365. ^ UK Border Agency: Child visitors
  366. ^ http://www.nzembassy.com/australia/going-new-zealand/visas
  367. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation
  368. ^ "International Travel Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 20 November 2013.
  369. ^ Timatic
  370. ^ Argentina strengthens migratory control
  371. ^ Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move
  372. ^ S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors
  373. ^ Cambodia Country Specific Information
  374. ^ Malaysia Country Specific Information
  375. ^ Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners
  376. ^ Office of Biometric Identity Management
  377. ^ Immigration & visas