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Visa policy of Russia

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The visa policy of Russia deals with the requirements which a foreign national wishing to enter the Russian Federation must meet to obtain a visa, which is a permit to travel to, enter, and remain in the country. Visa exemptions are based on bilateral or multilateral agreements. Russia has agreements with scores of countries whose citizens are either exempt from visas or can apply for an electronic visa online. Citizens of countries without such an agreement with Russia must obtain a visa in advance from a Russian diplomatic mission or visa centre. Possession of a visa does not guarantee that entry to Russia will be permitted.

Border-crossing points

Foreign citizens may enter into the territory of Russia through the border-crossing points open to international passenger traffic. As of 9 January 2019, Russia had 313 functioning checkpoints on its borders.[1][2]

Land border with Belarus

Citizens of third countries are not allowed to cross the Belarus–Russia land border due to a lack of international border crossing points, because passports must be stamped.[3][4] Visitors are advised to enter mainland Russia via other countries such as Latvia (Terehova–Burachki) and Ukraine (Senkivka–Novye Yurkovichi).[5]

Entry will be allowed through the road checkpoints on the border between Russia and Belarus in 2019:[6]

Land border with Kazakhstan

Residents of the border areas of Kazakhstan who visit the territory of the border areas of Russia up to 3 days can enter Russia through checkpoints, which are specially installed for residents of border areas.[7][8][9]

Visa exemption

  Russia including Crimea[note 1]
  Freedom of movement
  Visa waiver countries and territories
  Visa required for entry to Russia

Ordinary passports

Travelers who are nationals of the following 59 nations are not required to obtain a visa prior to visit Russia as long as the length of their trip is within the visa waiver limit listed below.[11][12]

From 2014, citizens of these countries—except for citizens of Belarus and South Ossetia, who have the right to unlimited visa-free entry to Russia—must not stay longer than 90 days within any 180-day period. Resetting the allowed period by leaving and re-entering the country is no longer allowed. Overstaying up to 180 days is punishable by a three-year entry ban, 180–270 days by a five-year entry ban, and over 270 days by a ten-year entry ban.[13]

Unlimited period

90 days

Non-commercial purposes

60 days for non-commercial purposes

30 days for non-commercial purposes

30 days for holders a letter of guarantee/invitation and a tourist voucher

14 days for non-commercial purposes

ID – May enter with a national ID card
ID(KZ) – May enter with a national ID card if arriving from Kazakhstan
1 – 90 days within any year period
2 – 30 days within any 60-day period

  1. ^ limited recognition state.
  2. ^ On 18 February 2017 the President of Russia has signed the decree "About Recognition of the Documents Issued to the Citizens of Ukraine and Persons Without Citizenship Living in Territories of Certain Districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk Regions of Ukraine". Holders of passports of the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic can carry out entry into the Russian Federation and departure from the Russian Federation without execution of visas. The decree is applied temporarily, for the period before political settlement of a situation in certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine on the basis of the Minsk Agreement.[14]
  3. ^ From 29 December 2018 citizens of Ukraine who residents of the territories of certain districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine can visit visa free for 180 days.[15]
  4. ^ Holders of a Macau Special Administrative Region passport.
  5. ^ Holders of a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport.

Tour groups

Citizens of China may visit Russia without a visa for up to 15 days if traveling as part of a tour group (from 5 to 50 people) that is accompanied by a representative of a tour operator registered in both countries.

Fan ID

FAN ID

In 2018, Russia introduced a visa-free entry program for spectators of the events. 2018 FIFA World Cup ticket holders in possession of a fan-ID could enter the country without a visa from 4 June to 15 July 2018. According to the Border Service of Russia over 633,000 foreign nationals arrived in Russia without a visa with a FanID. These included citizens of China (68,000), USA (52,000), Mexico (44,000), UK (31,000), and Germany (30,000).[67] Russia extended its visa-free travel regime for foreign soccer fans until the end of 2018.[68] Holders of tickets for UEFA Euro 2020 matches in Saint Petersburg will be able to enter Russia without a visa.[69]

Visa-free visits for up to 72 hours for cruise ship and ferry passengers

Since May 2009 international tourists entering by regular ferry via several ports have been able to stay in Russia visa-free for up to 72 hours, provided that they spend the night on-board or in accommodation specifically approved by the travel agency.[70]

In addition tourists entering by tourist cruise ships can leave the ship visa-free on tours organized by any authorized local tour company, when entering Russia through the ports of Anadyr, Kaliningrad, Korsakov, Novorossiysk, Murmansk, Sevastopol, Sochi, Saint Petersburg (Big port Saint Petersburg and Passenger Port of St. Petersburg), Vladivostok, Vyborg, Zarubino.[71][72][73]

Entry to the port of St. Petersburg by regular ferry can be done only from the ports of Tallinn (Estonia) or Helsinki (Finland). It is also possible to travel visa-free for 72 hours from the port of Stockholm with the stop in Helsinki.[74][75]

Visa-free zones

  •  Japan — Group travel to central and southern Kuril Islands for pre-approved lists of the Foreign Ministry. Visits are carried out on the basis of identity cards and inserts.[76] Visa-free for citizens of Japan who visit the burial place of relatives located in the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin Island, by pre-authorized list in the regional Russian-Japanese consultations.[77]
  •  United States — Residents of Alaska who are members of the indigenous population do not require a visa to visit Chukotka Autonomous Okrug if they have relatives (blood relatives, members of the same tribe, native people who have similar language and cultural heritage) in Chukotka. Individuals must be invited by a relative in Chukotka and must leave Chukotka within 90 days. Entry points are in Anadyr, Provideniya, Lavrentiya and Uelen.[78][79] The agreement was signed between USSR and USA on 23 September 1989[80] but came into force on 17 July 2015 after ratification by the United States.[81]

Local border traffic

From 6 June 2013 residents of the border areas of Latvia who have a permit for local border traffic can visit the border areas of Russia without a visa. From 16 December 2018 amendments to the current agreement entered into force. The procedure for obtaining a permit was simplified, total period of stay (within 180 days) was canceled, and the stamping of travel documents at the border crossing was canceled.[84]

  •  Norway — 15 days for holders of border traffic permit[85]

From 29 May 2012 residents of the border areas of Norway who have a permit for local border traffic can visit the border areas of Russia without a visa. From 4 March 2017 the Protocol on amendments to the current agreement entered into force – residents of area of Neiden received the right to receive a permit for local border traffic.[86][87]

  •  Poland — 30 days, for a maximum total stay of 90 days within a 180-day period for holders of border traffic permit[88][89]

From 27 July 2012 residents of the border areas of Poland who have a permit for local border traffic can visit Kaliningrad Oblast without a visa. The agreement was suspended for an indefinite period by Poland from 4 July 2016.[90][91]

Crew members

Visa is not required for crew members of airlines, sea crew, river crew, rail crew that have a bilateral agreement with the Russian government exempting crew members from visa requirements.[92][93]

Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the airline crew: Afghanistan,[94] Algeria,[95] Austria,[96] Belgium,[97] Bulgaria,[98] Canada,[99] China,[100] Croatia,[101][102] Cyprus,[103] Czech Republic,[104] Denmark,[105] Egypt,[106] France,[107] Germany,[108] Greece[109] Iceland,[110] India,[111] Iraq,[112] Italy,[113] Japan,[114] Jordan,[115] North Korea,[116] Lebanon,[117][118] Libya,[119] Lithuania,[120] Malta,[121] Netherlands,[122] North Macedonia,[123] Norway,[124] Oman[125] Poland,[126] Portugal[127] Qatar,[128] Romania[129] Singapore,[130] Spain,[131] Sri Lanka,[132] Sweden,[133] Switzerland,[134] Turkmenistan,[135] United Arab Emirates,[136] United Kingdom[137] Vietnam.[138]

Agreements signed with Finland,[139] Italy[140] and Luxembourg[141] and are yet to be ratified.

Russian Government has instructed the Foreign Ministry to sign an agreement with Georgia[142] and Tunisia.[143]

Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the sea crew: Bulgaria,[98] China,1 [100] Croatia,[101][102] Cyprus,[103] DR Congo,[144] Egypt,[145] France,[107] Iran,[146] Iraq[147] North Korea,[116] Lithuania,1 [120] Poland,[126] Tunisia,[148] Turkey, Turkmenistan,1 [149] Vietnam.[138]

1 - including riverboats crew

Citizens of following countries may visit Russia without a visa if they are travelling as part of the railway crew: China,[100] North Korea,[150] Turkmenistan.[151]

Visa-free transit

Direct airside transit

Passengers travelling through international airports do not need a visa for a transit of less than 24 hours in most circumstances,[152] provided a confirmed onward ticket is held and the traveller remains in the international transit area (without clearing regular passport control).[153]

A transit visa is needed when transiting Russia to/from Belarus

The following international Russian airports do not have international transit areas, meaning a transit visa is required to connect there:

Saimaa canal

In accordance with a treaty between Russia and Finland, though there are passport controls at borders, a visa is not required for just passing through the Russian part of the Saimaa canal without leaving the vessel.[154]

Värska–Ulitina road

The road from Värska to Ulitina in Estonia, traditionally the only road to the Ulitina area, goes through Russian territory for one kilometre (0.6 mi) of its length, an area called Saatse Boot. This road has no border control, but there is no connection to any other road in Russia. It is not permitted to stop or walk along the road. This area is a part of Russia but is also a de facto part of the Schengen area.

Common visa

Visa-free entry will be available for holders of a valid visa or residence permit of Belarus in 2019.[155]

Diplomatic and service category passports

  Russia including Crimea[note 1]
  Visa-free for holders of diplomatic and service category passports
  Visa-free for holders of diplomatic passports

Under reciprocal agreements, holders of diplomatic or various categories of service passports (official, service, special, consular) issued by the following countries and territories are allowed to enter and remain in Russia for up to 90 days (unless otherwise noted) without a visa:[11][12]

  1. ^ a b limited recognition state.

* – diplomatic passport only (diplomatic and service passports for Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia)
D — diplomatic passports
S — service passports
O — official passports
Sp — special passports
C — consular passports

1 – unlimited
2 – 3 months
3 – 90 days within any 180-day period
4 – 90 days within any one-year period
5 – 60 days
6 – 30 days
7 – 14 days
8 – excluding Ireland and the United Kingdom
9 – only for employees of Zimbabwe official institutions in Russia

Among nationals of countries whose citizens are normally visa-exempt, only holders of diplomatic or service category passports of Israel and service passport of UAE require a visa.

APEC Business Travel Card

Holders of passports issued by the following countries who possess an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) containing the "RUS" code on the reverse that it is valid for travel to Russia can enter visa-free for business trips for up to 90 days within any 180-day period.[12][156][157]

ABTCs are issued to nationals of:[158]

E-visa to visit certain regions

From 8 August 2017, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia started to implement the eVisa Program.

  Russia including Crimea[note 1]
  Visa-free access for all regions of Russia
  Eligible for Russian Far East, Saint Petersburg, Leningrad Region and Kaliningrad Region e-visa
  Eligible for Russian Far East e-visa only
  Eligible for Saint Petersburg, Leningrad Region and Kaliningrad Region e-visa

Conditions for issuing:

  • E-visa is a single-entry visa and issued for 30 calendar days from the date of its issuance. The permitted stay in Russia with an e-visa is up to 8 days starting from the date of entry, within its validity period
  • E-visa validity and/or the permitted stay under it cannot be extended
  • An e-visa is free of charge
  • Invitations, hotel booking confirmations or any other documents that confirm the purpose of your journey to Russia are not required for an e-visa
  • The time period for issuing an e-visa is no longer than 4 calendar days from the date of submission of the complete application
  • E-visas can be of the following categories only: ordinary business visa (purpose of journey is business), ordinary tourist visa (purpose of journey is tourism), and ordinary humanitarian visa (purposes of journey are sports, cultural, scientific and technological ties)
  • Foreign nationals will have the right to freedom of movement within the territory of the region near the point of entry with the exception of territories, organizations and facilities, to enter which a special permission is required in accordance with federal laws of the Russian Federation.
  • Foreign citizens who have arrived to Russia with e-visas have the right to freedom of movement within the territory of the constituent entity of Russia which they entered, with the exception of territories, organizations and facilities, to enter which a special permission is required in accordance with federal laws of Russia.
  • Foreign citizens should leave the territory of Russia only through checkpoints of the constituent entity of Russia which they entered
  • Application form for an e-visa can be filled not earlier than 20 days and no later than 4 days before the intended date of entry into Russia
  • Passport must be valid for at least 6 months from the date of application
  • Foreign citizens are required to have a medical insurance

Russian Far East

Russian e-visa for the Far East regions
1 - Primorsky Krai
2 - Kamchatka Krai
3 - Sakhalin Oblast
4 - Amur Oblast
5 - Khabarovsk Krai
6 - Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
7 - Zabaykalsky Krai
8 - Buryatia

Citizens of the following 18 countries can apply for a single-entry eVisa to visit to regions in the Russian Far East for less than 8 days.[159][160]

Kaliningrad Region

Kaliningrad Region (dark green)

Citizens of the following 53 countries may obtain an eVisa for Kaliningrad Region.[164][165]

Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast

In July 2019, it was announced that from 1 October 2019, free electronic visas will become valid for Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast.[166][167]

Citizens of the following 53 countries (the list is identical with the Kaliningrad e-visa) are eligible for this visa:[168]

There is currently no train border crossing points where the visa could be used.[170] It is planned that the electronic visa could be used when travelling with a train to Vyborg and taking another train between Vyborg and Saint Petersburg would be allowed. This is because the border control for passengers exiting the train at Vyborg takes place in the station due to the station being close to the border, while the other border controls take place on trains.[171] The train between Riga and Saint Petersburg travels outside the Leningrad oblast in Russia. Therefore electronic visas will be allowed for passengers only when the target area expands to other oblasts.

Closed cities

Several closed cities in Russia require special authorization.[172]

Areas requiring special permits

Due to the Government Decree of 1992, 19 areas of the Russian Federation are closed to foreigners without special permits.[173] This restriction does not apply to Russian citizens.

A full list of such areas:

Crimea

As of 2014 the disputed territory of Crimea is under Russian control and Russia enforces its visa policy there.[174] However, Ukraine requires that foreigners should comply with Ukrainian visa regime including obtaining a Ukrainian visa if one is necessary. Otherwise, Ukraine may impose sanctions for "support of the temporary occupation of the Ukrainian territory".[175]

Future changes

The Russian Government has instructed the Foreign Ministry to sign an agreement on visa waiver with the following countries:

  •  Andorra – 90 days within 365 day-period for all passports[176]
  •  China – 21 days for tourist groups from 3 to 50 people[177]
  •  Eritrea – 90 days within 180 day-period for diplomatic and service passports[178]
  •  Ghana – 90 days within 180 day-period for diplomatic and service passports[179]
  •  Palestine – 90 days within 180 day-period for diplomatic passports[180]

Visa waiver agreements have already been signed with the following countries but are not yet ratified or applied:

There is a plan to introduce electronic visas from 1 January 2021. 16-day single entry visa will be available to citizens of the EU, China, Japan and others. At the first stage, e-visa will be applied in Moscow, St.Petersburg, Kazan, Sochi. E-visa will cost $ 50 and will be used for tourist, business, humanitarian purposes, as well as for guest visits.[195]

There is a plan for mutual recognition of visas with Belarus allowing for visa-free entry for holders of a valid visa or residence permit of Belarus.[196]

Agreements

The Russian Federation has visa waiver agreements with 138 jurisdictions. In the table, red indicates agreements signed but not ratified or temporarily not applied.

Russia has concluded agreements that facilitate procedures for issuing visas to both Russian citizens and citizens of the partner jurisdiction on a reciprocal basis. Such agreements are in force with the following countries or political associations:

Russia has agreements on cancellation of consular fees, for execution of visas, with the following countries: Algeria (1965),[408] Angola (15 Apr 1985),[409] Cambodia (26 Sep 1983),[410] Iran (15 Feb 1966),[411] Japan (1 Apr 1965),[412] Mauritania (1967),[413] New Zealand (1 Apr 1962).[414] Agreements were denounced in 2017–2018 with Bangladesh[415][416] and Pakistan.[417][418]

Visa waiver agreements which ceased to apply

Visa

The Russian visa is a machine-readable document, which is placed in the holder's passport. All fields are indicated in both Russian and English, but are filled out only in Russian. The holder's name appears in both the Roman and Cyrillic alphabets.

The name that appears in the machine-readable zone at the bottom of the visa represents the holder's Cyrillic name mapped into the Roman alphabet. This allows Russian computer systems to read the Cyrillic name, despite the machine readers only being able to read Roman alphabet letters. As a result, the spelling of a name in the machine-readable zone does not necessarily reflect its spelling in the visa's name field. For example, the name “Christoph” would appear in the field as “Kpиcтoф/Christoph”, but the MRZ would contain the name “Kristof”.

Contrary to guidelines for machine-readable documents, the issuing country's ISO code (RUS) is not shown at positions 3-5 (i.e. V<RUS). Instead, the first line is formatted as: VSURNAME<<GIVEN<NAMES.

While not necessarily printed on the visa (depending on the embassy), a photo is required in the visa application. The visa application form may be filled online and submitted to the diplomatic mission.[450]

Types of visa

Russian transit visa with entry and exit stamps in a Swedish passport
Entry stamp in the Russian federation issued at Sheremetyevo Airport

Depending on the purpose of entry into the Russian Federation and the purposes of stay, visas are categorized as:

  • Private
  • Business
  • Tourist
  • Educational
  • Working
  • Humanitarian
  • Entry (for receiving shelter or to obtain citizenship in Russia)[451]
Diplomatic visa

A diplomatic visa may be issued to a foreign citizen holding a diplomatic passport. A diplomatic visa is issued:

  • to foreign heads of state, foreign heads of government, members of the foreign official delegations, family members traveling with them or accompanying them - for a period of up to one year.
  • to diplomatic agents of diplomatic missions and consular officials of consular establishments, the staff of representations of the international organizations in the Russian Federation which have the diplomatic status in the Russian Federation, and to family members of specified people for a period of up to one year.
  • to foreign diplomatic and consular couriers for the term of business trip.
  • to officials of the foreign states who have the official status in the Russian Federation have the right to a diplomatic visa and who come for a working visit to diplomatic missions or consular establishments of the foreign states in the Russian Federation or to the international organizations or their representations in the Russian Federation, for a period of up to one year.
Service visa

A service visa is issued to the foreign citizen having service (consular, official, special) passport.
A service visa is issued:

  • to members of foreign official delegations and their family members traveling with them, for a period of up to one year.
  • to administrative and technical and service personnel of diplomatic missions, consular employees and service personnel of consular establishments of the foreign states in the Russian Federation, representations of the international organizations in the Russian Federation and to family members for a period of up to one year.
  • to military personnel of armed forces of the foreign states and their family members for a period of up to one year. Extension of term of stay in the Russian Federation by issuance of the multiple entry visa for a period of validity of the foreign trade contract registered in accordance with the established procedure, but no more than for five years is allowed to the military personnel of armed forces of the foreign states driving to the Russian Federation for implementation of international treaties of the Russian Federation and (or) decisions of public authorities of the Russian Federation in the field of military and technical cooperation, and family members.
  • to foreign state officials who have the official status in the Russian Federation have the right to be issued a service visa and those who travel for a working visit to diplomatic missions or consular establishments of the foreign states in the Russian Federation or in the international organizations or their representations in the Russian Federation, for a period of up to one year.
Ordinary visa

Depending on the purpose of entry of the foreign citizen into the Russian Federation and the purpose of his stay in the Russian Federation ordinary visas are subdivided on private, business, tourist, educational, working, humanitarian and entry visas to the Russian Federation for temporary residence or citizenship ceremony:

  1. An ordinary private visa is issued for a period of up to three months or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity for a period of up to one year to foreign citizens traveling to Russia for a short visit on the basis of an invitation letter.
  2. An ordinary business visa is issued for a period of up to one year to foreign citizens traveling to Russia for a business trip.
  3. An ordinary tourist visa is issued for a period of up to one month or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity for a period of up to six months to foreign citizens traveling to Russia as tourists, if holding an invitation letter by a Russian tour operator. Invitations can be issued by many hotels on request (sometimes for a fee) or through various online services associated with Russian tour operators.
    An ordinary tourist group visa is issued for a period of up to one month to foreign citizens traveling to Russia as a tourist in an organized tourist group (not less than five people), of holding a confirmation by an organization in the unified federal register of tour operators.
  4. An ordinary student visa is issued for a period of up to one year to foreign citizens traveling to Russia for training in the educational institution.
  5. An ordinary work visa is issued to foreign citizens visiting Russia for work purposes for a period of validity of the employment contract or civil contract for performance of work (rendering services), but no more than for one year.
  6. An ordinary humanitarian visa is issued for a period of up to one year or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity for a period of up to five years to foreign citizens visiting Russia for a scientific, cultural, political or a sport visit, religious communication and contacts, pilgrimage, charity, delivery of humanitarian aid.
  7. An ordinary entry visa to Russia for receiving a shelter is issued to foreign citizens for a period of up to three months if holding a decision of the federal executive authority authorized on implementation of functions on control and supervision in the sphere of migration on recognition of this foreign citizen as a refugee on the territory of Russia.
  8. An ordinary entry visa to Russia to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation is issued to foreign citizens for a period of up to one year if holding a decision on recognition of such foreign citizen as a native speaker of Russian.
  9. An ordinary entry visa to Russia to obtain permission for temporary resident is issued to foreign citizens for a period of up to four months.
Transit visa

A Transit visa is issued for a period of up to ten days to the foreign citizen for transit through the territory of Russia.

Visa of temporary living person

A visa of temporarily living person is issued for four months to the foreign citizen to whom entry into Russia is allowed for temporary residence, within a quota of delivery of permissions to temporary residence.

Applying for visa

Entry and exit passport stamps issued at Saint Petersburg seaport

All types of Russian entry visas are received through Russian embassies and consulates. Provided all the documents are ready, the process usually takes no more than 3-10 workdays for Russian travel visa.[452]

Russian Tourist Visa requirements:[453]

  • Original passport
  • One photo (colour, passport size photo)
  • Tourist invitation
  • Russian Consulate Application Form

The Russian Consulate requires the visa application form to be printed on A4 paper with right and bottom margins of 5mm. A failure to meet these requirements invalidates the form.

Exit

Russia requires that an alien who needs a visa on entry be in possession of a valid visa upon exit. To satisfy this formal requirement, exit visas sometimes need to be issued. Russia requires an exit visa if a visitor stays well past the expiration date of their visa. They must then extend their visa or apply for an exit visa and are not allowed to leave the country until they show a valid visa or have a permissible excuse for overstaying their visa (e.g., a note from a doctor or a hospital explaining an illness, missed flight, lost or stolen visa). In some cases, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs can issue a Return-Home certificate that is valid for ten days from the embassy of the visitor's native country, thus eliminating the need for an exit visa.[454][455][456]

A foreign citizen granted a temporary residence permit in Russia needs a temporary resident visa to take a trip abroad (valid for both exit and return). It is also colloquially called an exit visa.

Costs for visa

Almost all Russian embassies and consulates, require visa applications to be submitted to semi-private visa processing centers instead of directly to the consular section of the embassy. Costs differ.

Fingerprinting

From January 2015 visa applicants from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Myanmar and Namibia will be obliged to provide fingerprint scans. After a trial period it will be decided whether to expand this to other countries as well.[457]

Russia plans to require, from 1 July 2019, fingerprinting and photographing of all foreign citizens entering the Russian Federation without a visa and staying for more than 30 days.[458]

Statistics

Visitor statistics

According to the Border Service of the Federal Security Service and the Federal State Statistics Service, most visitors arriving to Russia were from the following countries of nationality:[459][460]

Nationality Total (includes all types of purposes of visits)
2018 2017 2016
 Ukraine Decrease 9,177,272 Increase 9,817,008 Decrease 9,737,405
 Kazakhstan Increase 4,241,244 Decrease 4,137,613 Decrease 4,686,059
 Uzbekistan Increase 2,354,642 Increase 2,350,007 Decrease 2,116,480
 China Increase 2,030,319 Increase 1,780,200 Increase 1,565,524
 Tajikistan Decrease 1,340,975 Increase 1,350,356 Increase 1,293,270
 Azerbaijan Increase 1,145,327 Decrease 1,143,243 Increase 1,156,703
 Finland Decrease 994,098 Decrease 1,063,348 Decrease 1,376,646
 Kyrgyzstan Increase 859,735 Increase 836,946 Decrease 792,042
 Armenia Decrease 825,200 Increase 857,212 Decrease 833,577
 Poland Decrease 728,546 Decrease 765,544 Decrease 1,056,013
 Germany Increase 701,576 Increase 629,082 Increase 613,370
 Moldova Decrease 698,027 Increase 803,916 Decrease 699,112
 Estonia Increase 496,582 Decrease 432,803 Increase 433,926
 Abkhazia Increase 492,310 Increase 436,368 Decrease 415,606
 Belarus Increase 403,597 Increase 382,022 Decrease 320,372
 Mongolia Decrease 401,485 Decrease 416,293 Increase 542,196
 South Korea Increase 386,413 Increase 276,560 Increase 181,024
 Latvia Increase 355,641 Decrease 330,266 Increase 360,603
 United States Increase 337,395 Increase 293,011 Increase 248,990
Stateless persons Increase 327,613 Decrease 318,393 Decrease 321,383
 Lithuania Decrease 243,190 Decrease 256,009 Increase 281,168
 France Increase 236,583 Increase 211,673 Increase 201,260
 Israel Increase 228,530 Increase 185,426 Increase 182,438
 Italy Increase 225,776 Decrease 206,860 Increase 208,689
 United Kingdom Increase 216,029 Increase 193,522 Decrease 190,278
 Turkey Increase 196,061 Increase 181,285 Decrease 120,035
 Philippines Increase 179,672 Increase 172,278 Decrease 160,734
 India Increase 159,865 Increase 130,400 Increase 108,498
 South Ossetia Increase 143,501 Increase 137,427 Decrease 115,382
 Georgia Increase 123,732 Increase 117,204 Decrease 65,378
 Spain Increase 123,652 Increase 118,642 Increase 116,032
 Japan Increase 119,240 Increase 114,207 Increase 95,675
 Serbia Increase 96,730 Increase 87,899 Increase 79,575
 Vietnam Increase 84,612 Increase 77,391 Increase 66,939
 Turkmenistan Increase 82,675 Increase 65,749 Increase 56,258
 Netherlands Increase 80,540 Increase 73,729 Increase 68,017
 Brazil Increase 73,965 Increase 38,344 Decrease 29,704
 Australia Increase 68,552 Increase 49,259 Increase 43,940
 Mexico Increase 65,020 Increase 27,713 Decrease 21,071
 Thailand Increase 64,898 Increase 52,697 Increase 32,222
 Austria Increase 64,500 Increase 59,501 Decrease 56,663
 Canada Increase 61,899 Increase 53,890 Decrease 43,158
 Iran Decrease 61,007 Increase 91,862 Increase 75,203
 Argentina Increase 61,006 Increase 25,892 Increase 19,944
  Switzerland Increase 59,828 Increase 53,167 Increase 52,656
 Sweden Increase 55,329 Decrease 32,095 Decrease 39,153
 Czech Republic Increase 53,739 Increase 49,232 Increase 47,288
 Norway Decrease 51,003 Increase 53,197 Decrease 46,631
 Belgium Increase 48,270 Increase 38,868 Increase 37,492
 Greece Increase 42,967 Decrease 41,205 Increase 46,730
 Bulgaria Increase 40,836 Decrease 39,191 Increase 41,290
 Colombia Increase 40,711
 Egypt Increase 39,402
 Croatia Increase 36,045
 Hungary Increase 32,998 Increase 25,659 Increase 25,313
 Indonesia Increase 31,695 Increase 25,425 Increase 20,211
 Peru Increase 31,652
 Denmark Increase 31,308
 Romania Increase 29,920 Increase 26,330 Decrease 23,684
 Cuba Decrease 27,882 Increase 30,711 Increase 26,667
 Slovakia Increase 26,863 Increase 25,213 Increase 23,555
 Portugal Increase 25,301 Increase 20,347 Increase 17,729
Total Increase32,550,677 Increase32,035,443 Decrease 31,466,538
Visa statistics

Most visas were issued in the following countries:[461][462]

Location Number of visas issued in
2018 2017 2016 2015
 China 406,831 371,489 339,030 357,040
 Germany 360,582 336,423 324,959 299,791
 France 146,491 145,576 131,229 119,314
 Italy 139,797 129,124 129,038 117,123
 Finland 105,157 108,792 116,462 112,655
 United States 98,936 95,630 94,682 85,974
 Estonia 92,450 89,982 89,036 77,953
 United Kingdom 88,290 96,246 93,169 87,863
 Turkey 81,177 79,898 45,209 33,698
 Latvia 79,082 74,382 77,574 70,328
Total 2,758,893 2,687,146 2,505,457 2,283,850

History

Main article: Visa history of Russia

General Rules

Visa policy of the Russian Federation
  Russia
  Visa free access

The law "On the legal status of foreign citizens in the USSR" was used by the Russian Federation. Action extended from 1 January 1993. Chapter III of the law "entry into the USSR and exit from the USSR Foreign citizens" was replaced adopted the Federal Law No.114-FZ 1996 "On the Order of Exit from the Russian Federation". The law was repealed with the adoption of the Federal Law 115-FZ on 25 Jul 2002 On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation. The laws establishes that as a general rule all foreign citizens and stateless persons need visas for entry and exit from the territory of Russia and the period of temporary stay (90 days within any 180 days). It also establishes a number of exceptions addressing certain groups of travelers. The basis of the legal status of foreign citizens and stateless persons are secured primarily by the Constitution of the Russian Federation 1993 - Art. 62 and Art. 63.[463]

According to the Russian Constitution, international treaties of Russia override the domestic legislation. Russia has concluded a number of bilateral or multilateral treaties on visa abolishing or simplification and is seeking to negotiate new such treaties. The visa policy Russia applies the principle of reciprocity, the principle of specular.

Visa-free 72-hour transit

In September, 2013 the president of Russia has sent the bill of introduction of 72-hour visa-free transit to parliament. The list of the airports and the list of the states which citizens will be able to use visa-free transit in the tourist purposes, will be approved by the Government of the Russian Federation after ratification. In 2014 the parliament has suspended ratification of the bill for an indefinite term.[464]

Crimea

In April 2014 Crimea's Tourism Minister proposed a visa-free regime for foreign tourists staying at Crimean resorts for up to 12 days and a 72-hour visa-free stay for cruise passengers.[465] Visa-free access for Chinese citizens was proposed in June 2014.[466] Visa-free entrance in cruise courts to Sevastopol began to be carried out from September 2015[72] Other of the proposals has been not realized.

International events

Art events

Participants and members of delegations coming to participate in the musical events are either provided with a simplified visa regime (e.g. Eurovision Song Contest 2009) or the right of visa-free entry (e.g. International Tchaikovsky Competition 2015).[467]
Currently (September 2015) the law providing permanent visa abolition for participants and jury members of art competitions is being planned by the Government of Russia. The focus of this regulation will be on the International Tchaikovsky Competition.[468]

Economic events

Participants of the 1st Eastern Economic Forum in Vladivostok did not require a visa. Entrance was allowed with passport and the accreditation certificate only.[469]

Participants of East Economic Forum in Vladivostok can visit an event without visas from 8 to 15 September 2018.[470]

Sporting events

Prior to the adoption of a special law, participants and members of delegations arriving to sporting events, could count on a visa-free entry or visa facilitation (determined by law for each event which has to pass ratification in parliament and to be signed by the president). For the 2008 Champions League Final held in Moscow, also spectators were given such visa-free entry. On 13 May 2013 the presidential decree on the abolition of visas for athletes, coaches, team leaders and members of foreign official delegations, as well as judges from the international sports competitions came into effect. It envisages entry on the basis of passport and accreditation certificate.[471] The order of the President or the Government of Russia is sufficient for visa abolition or simplification of registration of visas.
Visas were abolished for participants of the 2013 Summer Universiade,[472] the 2014 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Moscow, the 2014 World Judo Championships in Chelyabinsk and the 16th FINA World Championships in Kazan.[473] Participants of the XVI World Aquatics Championships in the Masters category were exempted from visa fees.[474]

The right to enter Russia without a visa was also given to visitors during the 2014 Winter Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi if they were in a possession of tickets for the event.[475] Players of 2016 IIHF World Championship were able to obtain visas on arrival, for the fans were simplified procedure for issuing visas.[476]
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup holders of tickets for matches of the championship could enter Russia without a visa with personalized card of viewer (also known as the passport of a fan or fan-ID) and national passport from 7 June to 12 July 2017, if holding a laminated FIFA FAN ID card; from 14 June to 2 July 2017, if holding a printed FIFA FAN ID electronic format card. The foreign citizens could use their FAN IDs for multiple visa-free entry into and exit from the Russian Federation.[477]

Holders of match tickets for the 2018 FIFA World Cup were able to enter Russia without a visa using a fan-ID and national passport from 4 June to 25 July 2018. Foreigners participating in events and athletes included in the lists of FIFA required visas, but these were issued within 3 working days from the date of filing and without consular fees. This procedure applied until 31 December 2018.[478]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c The Crimean Peninsula, claimed and de facto administered by Russia, is recognized as territory of Ukraine by a majority of UN member nations.[10]

References

  1. ^ Road crossings - 108
    Railway crossings - 56
    Air border crossing points - 82
    Sea crossings - 56
    Mixed checkpoints - 7
    River crossing points - 3
    Pedestrian crossing points - 1
  2. ^ "Пункты пропуска через государственную границу Российской Федерации". 9 January 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  3. ^ "РСТ: иностранные туристы не смогут въехать в Россию через пропускной пункт под Смоленском". Tourism.interfax.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  4. ^ http://www.dw.com/ru/почему-граждане-ес-больше-не-могут-въехать-в-россию-через-беларусь/a-36007927
  5. ^ "Crossing Russia-Belarus border". Polish Embassy in Belarus. 2016-08-25.
  6. ^ Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 12.12.2018 № 2744-р "О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Беларусь о взаимном признании виз и по иным вопросам, связанным с въездом иностранных граждан и лиц без гражданства на территории государств - участников Договора о создании Союзного государства". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  7. ^ Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Казахстан о порядке пересечения российско-казахстанской государственной границы жителями приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Республики Казахстан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  8. ^ Протокол о внесении изменений и дополнений в Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Казахстан о порядке пересечения российско-казахстанской государственной границы жителями приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Республики Казахстан от 3 октября 2006 года. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  9. ^ Протокол о внесении изменений в Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Казахстан о порядке пересечения российско-казахстанской государственной границы жителями приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Республики Казахстан от 3 октября 2006 года. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  10. ^ Taylor, Adam (March 22, 2014). "Crimea has joined the ranks of the world's 'gray areas.' Here are the others on that list". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 27, 2014.
  11. ^ a b "Условия въезда граждан иностранных государств в Российскую Федерацию по дипломатическим, служебным (официальным, специальным), общегражданским паспортам". Консульский Департамент МИД России. January 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  12. ^ a b c "Country information (visa section)". Timatic. International Air Transport Association (IATA) through Olympic Air. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
  13. ^ "Федеральный закон "О внесении изменений в статью 27 Федерального закона "О порядке выезда из Российской Федерации и въезда в Российскую Федерацию" от 31.12.2014 N 524-ФЗ (действующая редакция, 2016) / КонсультантПлюс". Consultant.ru. 2014-12-31. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  14. ^ Указ о признании документов, выданных гражданам Украины и лицам без гражданства, проживающим на территориях отдельных районов Донецкой и Луганской областей Украины [The decree on recognition of the documents issued to the citizens of Ukraine and persons without citizenship living in territories of certain districts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine]. Kremlin.ru (in Russian). Официальный сайт Президента России / Official site of the President of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  15. ^ Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 29.12.2018 № 1744 "Об увеличении срока временного пребывания на территории Российской Федерации граждан Украины, постоянно проживающих на территориях отдельных районов Донецкой и Луганской областей Украины". pravo.gov.ru (in Russian). Официальное опубликование правовых актов России. Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  16. ^ Previous visa-free agreements under different terms were applied in period 1981-1985 and 1985-1994. 30 days from 29 Jul 1994 to 21 December 2018; 90 days within 180 days period from 21 December 2018.
  17. ^ Previous visa-free agreement was applied in period 1990-2008.
  18. ^ Previous visa-free agreement under different terms was applied in period 1990-2008.
  19. ^ Previous visa-free agreement under different terms were applied in period 1965 (on duty)/1967 (for tourism)-1990 as Yugoslavia and 1990-2009.
  20. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Никарагуа об отмене визовых требований при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Никарагуа [About entry into force of the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Nicaragua on the abolition of visa requirements for mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Nicaragua]. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России / The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  21. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Чили об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Чили [About entry into force of the Agreement Between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Chile on the conditions of waiver of visa formalities for mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Chile]. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России / The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  22. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Колумбии об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Колумбии. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  23. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Южная Осетия о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан Российской Федерации и Республики Южная Осетия. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  24. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Абхазия о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан Российской Федерации и Республики Абхазия. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  25. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Перу об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Перу. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  26. ^ О предстоящем вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Восточной Республики Уругвай об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Восточной Республики Уругвай. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  27. ^ О вступлении в силу соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан России и Гватемалы. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  28. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-эквадорского Соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  29. ^ Previous visa-free agreements under different terms were applied in period 1990-2008 and 2008-2013.
  30. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Советом министров Боснии и Герцеговины об условиях взаимных поездок граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Боснии и Герцеговины. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  31. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Корея о взаимной отмене визовых требований. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  32. ^ Между Россией и Парагваем с 20 октября вводится безвизовый режим. Tourism.interfax.ru (in Russian). Интерфакс. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  33. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-монгольского Соглашения об условиях взаимных поездок граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  34. ^ О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Панама об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан двух стран. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  35. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-науруанского Соглашения о взаимной отмене визовых требований. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  36. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-гондурасского Соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  37. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-гайанского Соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  38. ^ "Россия и Сейшелы взаимно отменили визы". Tourism.interfax.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  39. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-маврикийского соглашения о взаимной отмене визовых требований. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  40. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-сальвадорского Соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  41. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-боливийского Соглашения о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  42. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-южноафриканского Протокола о взаимной отмене визовых требований. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  43. ^ О вступлении в силу российско-самоанского Соглашения о взаимной отмене визовых требований для граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Независимого Государства Самоа. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  44. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Российской Федерацией и Федерацией Сент-Китс и Невис от 21 сентября 2017 года о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  45. ^ О Соглашении между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Лаосской Народно-Демократической Республики о взаимной отмене визовых требований для владельцев заграничных паспортов. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  46. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Гренады от 20 сентября 2017 года о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. Mid.ru (in Russian). Министерство Иностранных Дел России/The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  47. ^ О Соглашении между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Палау о взаимной отмене визовых требований для граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Палау. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  48. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Сент-Винсента и Гренадин о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  49. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Содружества Доминики о взаимных безвизовых поездках граждан от 28 сентября 2018 года. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  50. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Объединенных Арабских Эмиратов о взаимной отмене визовых требований для граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Объединенных Арабских Эмиратов. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2 February 2019.
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  53. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Антигуа и Барбуды об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Антигуа и Барбуды. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  54. ^ Visa-free agreements were applied in period 1970-1979, 1979-1990
  55. ^ Except «citizens of the former USSR permanently residing in the territory of the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia who have not received citizenship of these States».
  56. ^ "Постановление Совета Министров - Правительства РФ от 13.04.1993 N 309 "О введении визового (разрешительного) порядка въезда граждан Латвийской Республики и Эстонской Республики на территорию Российской Федерации"". base.garant.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  57. ^ Was applied from 14 August 1982.
  58. ^ "Постановление Правительства РФ от 29.03.1994 N 241 "О введении визового (разрешительного) порядка въезда граждан Литовской Республики на территорию Российской Федерации"". base.garant.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  59. ^ Was applied from 23 May 1971.
  60. ^ Was applied from 22 January 1986.
  61. ^ a b Was applied as Yugoslavia from 26 April 1990.
  62. ^ Visa-free agreements under different terms were applied in period 1962-1965, 1965-1969, 1969-1982, 1982-1995 as Czechoslovakia and 1995-2000.
  63. ^ "Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 22.10.1999 N 1702-р О продлении срока безвизового порядка въезда в РФ и выезда из РФ для граждан бывшего СССР, постоянно проживающих на территории Литвы и Эстонии и не получивших гражданства этих государств, Российской Федерации или третьего государства (прекратило действие) - ГАРАНТ". base.garant.ru. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  64. ^ Visa-free agreements under different terms were applied in period 1962-1965, 1965-1969, 1969-1982, 1982-1994 as Czechoslovakia and 1994-1995, 1995-2001.
  65. ^ Was applied from 15 June 1995.
  66. ^ Was applied from 16 April 2011.
  67. ^ "Минкомсвязь России подвела итоги проекта FAN ID для ЧМ-2018" (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  68. ^ "Путин подписал закон о безвизовом въезде в Россию для обладателей FAN ID" [Putin signs law on visa-free entry to Russia for FAN ID holders] (in Russian). RIA News. 3 August 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  69. ^ "Комиссия по законопроектной деятельности одобрила законопроекты о подготовке и проведении в России матчей чемпионата Европы по футболу UEFA 2020 года" [The legislative activity commission approved bills on the preparation and holding of matches in Russia for the UEFA European Football Championship 2020]. Russian Government – Legislative Activity (in Russian). 3 September 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  70. ^ "Постановление Правительства РФ N 397 О порядке пребывания на территории РФ иностранных граждан и лиц без гражданства, прибывающих в Российскую Федерацию в туристических целях на паромах". Travel.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  71. ^ "Information For Cruise Ship Passengers". Petersburg CITY. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  72. ^ a b "Sevastopol included into list of ports for visa-free entry of ferry passengers". En.portnews.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
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  76. ^ The intergovernmental agreement on visa-free exchanges between the USSR and Japan (in Russian)
  77. ^ "Министерство инвестиций и внешних связей Сахалинской области". Mininvest.admsakhalin.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  78. ^ "Безвизовый режим введен для коренных жителей Чукотки и Аляски | РИА Новости - события в России и мире: темы дня, фото, видео, инфографика, радио". Ria.ru. 2015-07-23. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  79. ^ http://чукотка.рф/en/authorities/visa-registration/
  80. ^ "Соглашение между Правительством Союза Советских  Социалистических Республик и Правительством Соединенных Штатов Америки о взаимных поездках жителей района Берингова пролива" (doc). Retrieved 6 January 2019.
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  83. ^ "Home". Liia.lv. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  84. ^ О вступлении в силу Соглашения о внесении изменений в Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Латвийской Республики об упрощении взаимных поездок жителей приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Латвийской Республики от 20 декабря 2010 года. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  85. ^ "Visa-free zone between Norway and Russia". Visahouse.com. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  86. ^ a b Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Королевства Норвегия об упрощении порядка взаимных поездок жителей приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Королевства Норвегия. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  87. ^ Протокол о внесении изменений в приложение к Соглашению между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Королевства Норвегия об упрощении порядка взаимных поездок жителей приграничных территорий Российской Федерации и Королевства Норвегия от 2 ноября 2010 г.. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 January 2019.
  88. ^ "EU makes visa exception for Kaliningrad". Barentsobserver.com. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  89. ^ a b Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Польша о порядке местного приграничного передвижения. mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 7 January 2019.
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  91. ^ @[2]
  92. ^ УСЛОВИЯ ВЪЕЗДА ГРАЖДАН ИНОСТРАННЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВ В РОССИЙСКУЮ ФЕДЕРАЦИЮ ПО ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКИМ, СЛУЖЕБНЫМ (ОФИЦИАЛЬНЫМ, СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫМ), ОБЩЕГРАЖДАНСКИМ ПАСПОРТАМ (in Russian). August 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  93. ^ See Agreement section
  94. ^ From 1968 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Afghanistan (in Russian)
  95. ^ From 1974 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Algeria (in Russian)
  96. ^ From 1 Jul 1990; for Austrian Airlines from 1986 Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Austrian Federal Government on a simplified procedure of entry, departure and temporary stay of members of crews of aircraft of the Soviet and Austrian airlines (in Russian)
  97. ^ From 28 Apr 2014 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium on simplified rules of entry, stay, departure of the first crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Belgium (in Russian)
  98. ^ a b From 7 May 2002 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and Government of the Republic of Bulgaria on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  99. ^ From 20 Dec 1989 Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Government of Canada on a simplified procedure of entry and departure of crew members of aircraft of Aeroflot and Canadian Airlines International Ltd. (in Russian)
  100. ^ a b c From 26 Apr 2014 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the government of the people's Republic of China about simplification of trips of citizens (in Russian)
  101. ^ a b From 31 Mar 2013
  102. ^ a b c d Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Croatia on mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Croatia (in Russian)
  103. ^ a b From 20 Jan 2006 Agreement Between the Government of the Russian Federation and Government of the Republic of Cyprus on conditions of trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and Citizens of the Republic of Cyprus (in Russian)
  104. ^ From 21 Jul 2014 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Czech Republic about the simplified rules of entry, stay and exit the territory of their States members of crews of aircraft of airlines of the Russian Federation and the Czech Republic (in Russian)
  105. ^ From 1 Jan 1993 Agreement between the government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark on the establishment of a simplified procedure of entry and departure of crew members of airlines of Russia and Denmark (in Russian)
  106. ^ From 1997 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Egypt (in Russian)
  107. ^ a b From 1 May 2005 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the French Republic to facilitate on a mutual basis of conditions of entrance, trips and departure of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the French Republic (in Russian)
  108. ^ From 14 July 1993 [3] (in Russian)
  109. ^ From 15 Jun 2017 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Hellenic Republic about the simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Hellenic Republic (in Russian)
  110. ^ From 5 Jun 2013 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Iceland on simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and Iceland (scan copy, in Russian)
  111. ^ "Двусторонние договоры". Mid.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  112. ^ From 1972 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Iraq (in Russian)
  113. ^ From 29 Jan 1990, for Alitalia only Agreement between the Government of the USSR and the Government of the Italian Republic on visa issues (in Russian)
  114. ^ From 22 Jun 1969, 25 Dec 1996, for Japan Airlines only The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Japan (in Russian)
  115. ^ From 8 Apr 2014 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan on simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (in Russian)
  116. ^ a b From 22 May 1997 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and Government of Democratic People's Republic of Korea on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  117. ^ From 1987
  118. ^ The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Lebanon (in Russian)
  119. ^ From 1980, for Libyan Airlines, for Tripoli-Moscow line only The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Libya (in Russian)
  120. ^ a b From 1 Jan 2003 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Lithuania on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  121. ^ From 23 May 1985; 19 March 1987; for Air Malta[4] (in Russian)
  122. ^ From 30 Jul 2009 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, on simplifying the rules of entry and exit for crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of the Netherlands (in Russian)
  123. ^ From 31 Oct 2008 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Macedonia on the conditions of mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Macedonia (in Russian)
  124. ^ From 1 Jan 1993 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway on the facilitation of entry and exit of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of Russia and Norway (in Russian)
  125. ^ "Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Султаната Оман об упрощенных правилах въезда, пребывания и выезда для членов экипажей воздушных судов авиапредприятий Российской Федерации и Султаната Оман (заключено путем обмена нотами от 15 июля 2013 года и 3 июля 2017 года, вступило в силу 28 марта 2018 года)". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  126. ^ a b From 1 Oct 2003 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and Government of the Republic of Poland on conditions of mutual trips of citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Poland (in Russian)
  127. ^ From 24 May 2015 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Portuguese Republic about the simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Portuguese Republic (scan copy, in Russian)
  128. ^ From 2 Dec 2009 [5] (in Russian)
  129. ^ From 1 Mar 2004 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and government of Romania on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  130. ^ From 1996 [6] (in Russian)
  131. ^ From 13 July 2015; for Iberia from 26 Oct 1990 The Memorandum between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Kingdom of Spain on the procedure of issuing visas (in Russian) Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Spain on amending the Memorandum between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Kingdom of Spain on the procedure of issuing visas on 26 October 1990 (in Russian)
  132. ^ From 4 Dec 2012 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka on simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (in Russian)
  133. ^ From 3 Jan 1993 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Sweden on the establishment of the simplified order of entrance and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of Russia and Sweden (in Russian)
  134. ^ From 1 Jan 1990; for Swissair [7] (in Russian)
  135. ^ From 17 Jul 1999 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Turkmenistan on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  136. ^ From 13 May 2004 [8] (in Russian)
  137. ^ From 28 Dec 1990 Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the Entry and Exit Procedures for Aircraft Crews on Flights between the USSR and the UK
  138. ^ a b From 20 Feb 1994 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam about conditions of mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  139. ^ "Двусторонние договоры". Mid.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  140. ^ Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation the government of the Italian Republic about the simplified rules of entry, stay and departure of crew members of aircraft of the airlines of the Russian Federation and the Italian Republic (in Russian)
  141. ^ "Двусторонние договоры". Mid.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  142. ^ "Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  143. ^ "Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  144. ^ From 19 May 1979 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Democratic Republic of Congo (in Russian) Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Executive Council of the Republic of Zaire on the shipping industry (in Russian)
  145. ^ From 1975 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Egypt (in Russian)
  146. ^ From 6 Feb 2016 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran on simplification of conditions of mutual trips of certain categories of citizens of the Russian Federation and the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Russian)
  147. ^ From 1974 The regulatory framework of bilateral consular relations with Iraq (in Russian)
  148. ^ From 24 Sep 1984 Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the government of the Tunisian Republic on Maritime navigation (in Russian)
  149. ^ From 17 Jul 1999Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Turkmenistan on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  150. ^ From 22 May 1997Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and Government of Democratic People's Republic of Korea on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian)
  151. ^ Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Turkmenistan on mutual trips of citizens (in Russian) From 17 Jul 1999
  152. ^ "Transit Visas". Embassy of the Russian Federation, The Netherlands. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  153. ^ [9]
  154. ^ Treaty between the Russian Federation and the Finnish Republic on leasing to the Finnish Republic of the Russian part of Saimaa canal and adjoining territory and on the conditions of navigation through Saimaa canal, article 6, paragraph 3.
  155. ^ "Иностранцы смогут въезжать в РФ по белорусской визе". Interfax.ru. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  156. ^ "Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  157. ^ "Law onб═entry into Russia ofб═foreign nationals holders ofб═APEC Business Travel Cards Б─╒ President ofб═Russia". En.kremlin.ru. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
  158. ^ "ABTC Summary - APEC Business Travel Card". travel.apec.org. Archived from the original on 19 October 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  159. ^ "E-visa". electronic-visa.kdmid.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  160. ^ "О начале выдачи электронных виз иностранным гражданам для посещения свободного порта Владивосток". Mid.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  161. ^ "Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  162. ^ "Система выдачи электронных виз заработает в новых субъектах ДФО с июня 2019 года". ТАСС. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  163. ^ https://regnum.ru/news/2533298.html
  164. ^ E-visa Kaliningrad, Consular portal of the Consular Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
  165. ^ Processing of an E-visa, Consular department of MFA of Russia
  166. ^ Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 18 июля 2019 г. N 347 "О порядке въезда в Российскую Федерацию и выезда из Российской Федерации иностранных граждан через пункты пропуска через государственную границу Российской Федерации, расположенные на территориях г. Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области". rg.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  167. ^ Sinha, Saurabh. "From October 1, enter Russia on free e-visa for up to 8 days from St Petersburg - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  168. ^ http://static.government.ru/media/files/lrXI9upLDNwuAhCPEDATuP5tRvWu4J2Q.pdf
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  170. ^ https://pass.rzd.ru/main-pass/public/en (accessed September 24, 2019)
  171. ^ https://www.is.fi/ulkomaat/art-2000006242075.html (September 17, 2019)
  172. ^ "Russian Federation Country Specific Information - Entry/Exit Requirements for U.S. Citizens". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  173. ^ "Постановление Правительства РФ от 04.07.1992 N 470 "Об утверждении Перечня территорий Российской Федерации с регламентированным посещением для иностранных граждан" (с изменениями и дополнениями)". base.garant.ru. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  174. ^ "Foreigners need visas to travel to Crimea - Apr. 01, 2014". Kyivpost.com. 1 April 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  175. ^ "Ukraine insists on right of issuing Crimean visa". News.xinhanet.com. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  176. ^ doc Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 10.07.2019 № 1507-р "О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Княжества Андорра об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Княжества Андорра". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  177. ^ Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 13.06.2019 № 1274-р "О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Китайской Народной Республики о безвизовых групповых туристических поездках". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  178. ^ doc Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 17.08.2019 № 1843-р "О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Государства Эритрея о безвизовых поездках владельцев дипломатических или служебных паспортов". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 August 2019.
  179. ^ doc Распоряжение Правительства Российской Федерации от 22.10.2019 № 2489-р "О подписании Соглашения между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Гана о безвизовых поездках владельцев дипломатических или служебных паспортов". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  180. ^ http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&link_id=0&nd=102604193
  181. ^ a b Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Кабо-Верде о взаимной отмене визовых требо