Records of members of parliament of the United Kingdom
This article about records of members of parliament of the United Kingdom includes a variety of lists of MP by age, period and other circumstances of service, familiar sets, ethnic or religious minorities, physical attributes, and circumstances of their deaths.
Age
Youngest
The Parliamentary Elections Act 1695 established 21 as the minimum age,[1] but until the Reform Act 1832 underage MPs were seldom unseated. For example, Charles James Fox became an MP aged 19 in 1768,[2] and Robert Jocelyn, Viscount Jocelyn became an MP aged 18 in 1806.[3][4]
Before the general election of 2015, the youngest MP since the Reform Act of 1832[5] was James Dickson who was elected as a Liberal at a by-election for the Borough of Dungannon on 25 June 1880. He was born on 19 April 1859 and so was aged 21 years 67 days. The youngest female MP was Bernadette Devlin, elected on 17 April 1969 from Mid Ulster aged 21 years 359 days. Both records are now jointly held by Mhairi Black, who was aged 20 years and 237 days old at the time of her election to the seat of Paisley and Renfrewshire South in the 2015 general election. She becomes the Baby of the House, the youngest sitting MP, replacing Pamela Nash, who was 25 years and 11 months old when she was elected to Parliament in the May 2010 general election.
Oldest
The oldest MP whose exact dates are known was Samuel Young (1822–1918) who was MP for East Cavan from 1892 (when aged 70) until his death at the age of 96 years 63 days.[6]
The oldest ever woman MP was Irene Ward, member for Tynemouth, who was a few days short of 79 when she retired at the February 1974 general election.
Following the death of John Freeman on 20 December 2014, the oldest former MP still living is Ronald Atkins, born 13 June 1916 and the only one currently a centenarian.[7] The oldest former woman MP, following the death of Mildred Gordon on 8 April 2016, is Mary Holt, born 31 July 1924. The latter was ironically MP for Preston North between 1970–74, between defeating and then being defeated by Atkins at successive general elections for the same seat.
Oldest debuts
Perhaps the oldest parliamentary debut of all time was that of Warren Lisle, believed born in 1695, who was elected on 7 September 1780 during that year's General Election as MP for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis as locum tenens, aged reportedly 85. He stood down on 21 November to allow his kinsman, Gabriel Steward, to stand for the seat after completing his own term as mayor of the borough (when he had been the local returning officer). He died in July 1788 aged reportedly 93.[8]
Since compulsory birth registration, the oldest debut where a confirmed birth date is known was made by Sir Robert Pullar (born 18 February 1828) who was elected at an unopposed by-election for Perth on 12 February 1907 aged 78 years and 359 days. He retired at the January 1910 General Election.
The oldest woman at first entry to the Commons was Dr Ethel Bentham (born 5 January 1861) who was elected MP for Islington East at the 1929 General Election aged 68 years and 145 days. She died in office, the first woman so to do, in 1931.
The oldest debut at the 2015 General Election was possibly Marie Rimmer (born 27 April 1947) who was elected MP for St Helens South and Whiston ten days after her 68th birthday.
List of oldest sitting MPs since 1945
Name | Born | Became oldest MP | Left House | Age on leaving | Died | Political Party | Highest Office Held |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sir Murdoch Macdonald | 6 May 1866 | 1945 | 1950 | 83 2 | 24 April 1957 | Liberal Party | |
David Logan | 22 November 1871 | 1950 | Feb 1964 | 92 1 | 25 February 1964 | Labour Party | |
Sir Winston Churchill KG OM CH TD PC FRS F | 30 November 1874 | Feb 1964 | Sep 1964 | 89 2 | 24 January 1965 | Conservative | Prime Minister of the United Kingdom |
S. O. Davies | probably 9 November 1879 | 1970 | 1972 | 92 1[9] | 25 February 1972 | Labour Party | |
Emanuel Shinwell, Baron Shinwell | 18 October 1884 | Sep 1964 | 1970 | 85 2 | 8 May 1986 | Labour Party | Minister of Defence |
John Rankin | 1 February 1890 | 1972 | 1973 | 83 1 | 8 October 1973 | Labour Party | |
Irene Ward, Baroness Ward of North Tyneside CH, DBE | 23 February 1895 | 1973 | Feb 1974 | 79 2 | 26 April 1980 | Conservative | |
David Weitzman | 18 June 1898 | Feb 1974 | 1979 | 80 2 | 6 May 1987 | Labour Party | |
Robert Edwards | 16 January 1905 | 1979 | 1987 | 82 2 | 4 June 1990 | Labour Party | |
Michael Foot | 23 July 1913 | 1987 | 1992 | 78 2 | 3 March 2010 | Labour Party | Leader of the Opposition |
Sir Edward Heath KG MBE TD F | 9 July 1916 | 1992 | 2001 | 84 2 | 17 July 2005 | Conservative | Prime Minister of the United Kingdom |
Piara Khabra | 20 November 1921 | 2001 | 2007 | 85 1 | 21 June 2007 | Labour Party | |
Ian Paisley, Baron Bannside | 6 April 1926 | 2007 | 2010 | 84 2 | 12 September 2014 | Democratic Unionist Party | First Minister of Northern Ireland |
Sir Peter Tapsell F | 1 February 1930 | 2010 | 2015 | 85 2 | living | Conservative | |
Sir Gerald Kaufman F | 21 June 1930 | 2015 | living | Labour Party | Shadow Foreign Secretary |
Notes:
- F Also Father of the House (not necessarily contemporaneous with seniority)
- 1 Died in office
- 2 Retired
Longest-lived ex-MP
The longest-lived former-MP was Theodore Cooke Taylor, member for Radcliffe cum Farnworth between 1900 and 1918, who lived to be 102.[6] Other ex-MPs who have reached their centenary are Bert Hazell, Manny Shinwell, Hartley Shawcross, Sir George Ernest Schuster, Sir Harry Brittain, John Oldfield (who outlived his parliamentary service by 68 years), Nathaniel Micklem, Edgar Granville and Ronald Atkins (born 13 June 1916) who is the only centenarian ex MP currently living.[7]
Frank James, who was elected MP for Walsall at the 1892 general election, but unseated on petition in November that year, achieved a slightly greater age than Theodore Cooke Taylor, at 102 years 135 days.[10]
The longest-lived woman MP was Norah Runge who died aged 93 in 1978.
Shortest-lived MPs
One known contender for this record for whom both birth and death dates are known, in the Parliament of England, was James Wriothesley, Lord Wriothesley, who while still a minor was MP for Callington in 1621–22, and for Winchester from early in 1624 until his death from illness on military service in the Netherlands on 1 November 1624 aged 19 years and 251 days.
Based only on evidence from his university entrance records,[11] Peter Legh, MP for Newton from 1640, may have been aged 19 or younger when he died after a duel on 2 February 1642, but his precise birthdate is not known.
Geoffrey Palmer, MP for Ludgershall from March 1660, died in office on 31 October 1661 aged 19 years and at least 245 days, based on his baptism registration (28 February 1642).[12]
Since the setting of the youngest election age at 21, the youngest MP to die in office was George Charles Grey who was elected MP for Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1941 and was killed in action on 30 July 1944 aged 25 years 240 days. Throughout this period he was the Baby of the House.
The shortest-lived woman MP, Lady Cynthia Mosley, MP for Stoke 1929–31, died in 1933 aged 34.
Period of service
Longest
Sir Francis Knollys (also the oldest ever sitting MP) was first elected as MP for Oxford in 1575 at the age of around 25 and was MP for Reading at the time of his death in 1648, a period spanning 73 years,[6] although there were eight periods of 27 entire years (1590–92, 1594–96, 1599-1600, 1602–03, 1605–13, 1615–19, 1627 and 1630–39) in which the Parliament of England did not meet, and his period of service totalled little more than 23 years.[13]
The longest span of service of an MP since the start of the 20th century was Winston Churchill who was first elected on 1 October 1900 and left the House of Commons on 25 September 1964, a period of 63 years 360 days. His service was not continuous, as he was not an MP for a spell in 1908 and between 1922 and 1924. Charles Pelham Villiers was the longest continuously serving MP. He was elected in 1835 and remained an MP continuously for over 62 years until his death on 16 January 1898, aged 96 years 13 days.
The longest continuous service and longest total service records for a female MP were held by Gwyneth Dunwoody, at over 34 years and 38 years respectively. The longest span of service for a woman was 42 years and 4 months for Irene Ward, first elected in 1931 and an MP until 1974 although she did not hold a seat between 1945 and 1950.
Shortest
There are cases of MPs being elected posthumously; Edward Legge (1710–47) was elected unopposed as MP for Portsmouth on 15 December 1747, four days before news arrived that he had died 87 days previously in the West Indies. In 1780 John Kirkman was elected as MP for the City of London despite passing away before polls closed.[6]
In more recent times, members have died after polling, but before the declaration of the results. In 1906, Thomas Higgins was declared elected for the seat of North Galway, even though he had died earlier that morning, after polling day. More recently, in 1945 Sir Edward Taswell Campbell at Bromley and Leslie Pym at Monmouth died after polling, but nine days before the declaration of the results. Both were declared elected posthumously, and both had been MPs for a number of years. Noel Skelton is another example in 1935.
The shortest non-posthumous service was that of Alfred Dobbs, who was declared elected MP for Smethwick on 26 July 1945 and was killed the following day in a car accident on the way to take his seat.[14]
The shortest service for women MPs has been 92 days in the case of both Ruth Dalton, who was MP for Bishop Auckland from by-election on 7 May 1929 to dissolution of Parliament on 10 May 1929 prior to that year's general election, and Margo MacDonald, who was MP for Glasgow Govan from by-election on 8 November 1973 until the dissolution of Parliament on 8 February 1974 prior to the coming general election.
Shortest total service since 1900
For a comprehensive list of MPs since 1900 with less than 365 days total service See
Members who never took their seats
- Mickey Brady, 2015 -
- Francie Molloy, 2013-
- Paul Maskey, 2011–
- Conor Murphy, 2005–2015
- Michelle Gildernew, 2001–2015
- Pat Doherty, 2001–
- Martin McGuinness, 1997–2013
- Gerry Adams, 1983–92, 1997–2011
- Owen Carron, 1981–83
- Bobby Sands, 1981
- Philip Clarke, 1955
- Tom Mitchell, 1955
- Alfred Dobbs, 1945
- Joseph Bell, 1922
- Harry Wrightson, 1918–19
- 69 Sinn Féin Members elected at the 1918 General Election (including 6 first elected in by-elections 1917–18)
- James Annand, 1906
- Thomas Higgins, 1906
- Henry Compton, 1905-6 (shortest serving MP - 46 days - whose tenure was not ended by his death)
- Joseph Andrews, 1905-6
MPs who never won an election
On rare occasions the election winner may be disqualified, either by an election court or by the House of Commons, and the seat awarded to the runner-up.
- Malcolm St. Clair: Bristol South-East, 1961–63
- Charles Beattie: Mid-Ulster, 1955–56
MPs elected to two or more constituencies simultaneously
- Richard Hazleton: from 9 December 1910 until 23 February 1911, when he was unseated on a petition from the second seat, he was MP for North Galway and North Louth.
MPs who have sat for three or more different constituencies
In modern times, it is unusual for an MP to represent more than one or two constituencies during their career, although before the 20th century it was quite common. MPs whose seats were altered purely by boundary changes are not listed.
- George Galloway: Glasgow Hillhead/Kelvin 4; Bethnal Green and Bow 4; Bradford West
- Michael Ancram: Berwick and East Lothian 1; Edinburgh South 1; Devizes
- Kenneth Baker: Acton 1; St. Marylebone 2; Mole Valley
- William Clark: Nottingham South 1; East Surrey 4; Croydon South
- Roy Jenkins: Southwark Central 2; Birmingham Stechford 3; Glasgow Hillhead
- Shirley Williams: Hitchin 2; Hertford and Stevenage 1; Crosby 1
- Fergus Montgomery: Newcastle East 1; Brierley Hill 2; Altrincham and Sale
- Geoffrey de Freitas: Nottingham Central 4; Lincoln 3; Kettering
- Arthur Palmer: Wimbledon 1; Cleveland 1; Bristol Central
- Frank Markham: Chatham 5; Nottingham South 1; Buckingham
- Geoffrey Lloyd: Birmingham Ladywood 1; Birmingham King's Norton 2; Sutton Coldfield
- Ray Gunter: South-East Essex 2; Doncaster 1; Southwark
- Frank Soskice: Birkenhead East 2; Sheffield Neepsend 2; Newport
- Charles Simmons: Birmingham Erdington1; Birmingham West 2; Brierley Hill
- Charles MacAndrew: Kilmarnock 1; Glasgow Partick 4; Bute and North Ayrshire
- Richard Kidston Law: Hull South West 1; Kensington South 2; Haltemprice
- Hyacinth Morgan: Camberwell North West 5; Rochdale 4; Warrington
- Roger Conant: Chesterfield 1; Bewdley 2; Rutland and Stamford
- Ralph Assheton: Rushcliffe 1; City of London 2; Blackburn West
- John Wilmot: Fulham East 1; Kennington 4; Deptford
- Austin Hudson: Islington East 1; Hackney North 1; Lewisham North
- Joseph Braithwaite: Hillsborough 1; Holderness 2; Bristol North West
- Walter Elliot: Lanark1; Kelvingrove1; Combined Scottish Universities 2; Kelvingrove
- Walter Ayles: Bristol North1; Southall 4; Hayes and Harlington
- William Jowitt: Hartlepool 1; Preston 4; Ashton-under-Lyne
- Leonard Lyle: Stratford 1; Epping 5; Bournemouth
- Arthur Henderson: Barnard Castle 4; Widnes 1; Newcastle East 1; Burnley 1; Clay Cross
- Ramsay MacDonald: Leicester 2; Aberavon 4; Seaham 1; Combined Scottish Universities
- Harcourt Johnstone Willesden West 1; South Shields 1; Middlesbrough West
- Wilfred Paling: Doncaster 1; Wentworth 2; Dearne Valley
- Edward Hemmerde: East Denbighshire 4; North West Norfolk 2; Crewe 5
- Winston Churchill: Oldham4; Manchester North West1; Dundee1; Epping/Woodford5
- Arthur Griffith-Boscawen: Tunbridge 1; Dudley 1; Taunton 1
- John Fletcher Moulton: Clapham 1 South Hackney 1, Launceston 5
- Arthur Balfour: Hertford 4; Manchester East 1; City of London 1
- Lord John Manners: Newark 1; Colchester 4; North Leicestershire 4; Melton 6
- Benjamin Disraeli: Maidstone 4;Shrewsbury 4; Buckinghamshire 6
- William Ewart Gladstone: Newark 1; Oxford University 1; South Lancashire 2; Greenwich 4; Midlothian 5
- James Patrick Mahon: Clare 8; Ennis 1; County Carlow 10
- Earl Gower (later 2nd Duke of Sutherland): St Mawes 4; Newcastle-Under-Lyme 4; Staffordshire 5
- James, Lord Brudenell: Marlborough; Fowey 2; North Northamptonshire 6
- Sir Robert Peel: Cashel 4; Chippenham 4; Oxford University 4; Westbury 4; Tamworth
- Thomas Graves: Okehampton 4; Windsor 4; Milborne Port 5
- Sir Joseph Yorke: Reigate 7; Saint Germans 3; Sandwich 4
- John Calcraft (the younger): Wareham 4; Rochester 4; Dorset
- Sir Manasseh Masseh Lopes: New Romney 3; Evesham 9; Barnstaple9, Westbury3
- Sir George Hay: Stockbridge 1; Calne 4; Sandwich 1
Notes:
- 1 defeated
- 2 seat abolished
- 3 resigned
- 4 sought another constituency
- 5 retired
- 6 inherited/raised to peerage
- 7 resigned but returned to constituency at later date
- 8 unseated on petition; elected at a later date, then retired
- 9 unseated for bribery
- 10 died
MPs who have made more than one comeback
In modern times, it is unusual for an MP who has been defeated (or retired e.g. due to their seat being abolished) to achieve more than one comeback to the House of Commons after a period of absence. In the UK Parliament, William Vesey-FitzGerald, Lord Charles Beresford and Arthur Henderson were exceptional in achieving it on no fewer than four occasions: Vesey-FitzGerald over a span of 18 years through three by-elections and one general election, Beresford over a span of 25 years after voluntarily resigning or retiring from the House at stages of his naval career, Henderson invariably after serial general election defeats in previous seats, in the shorter span of 14 years.
- William McCrea: 2000 b, 2005
- Michael Ancram: 1979, 1992
- Fergus Montgomery: 1967 b, October 1974
- Tony Benn: 1963 b, 1984 b
- Arthur Palmer: 1952 b, 1964
- Alec Douglas-Home: 1950, 1963 b
- Frank Soskice: 1950 b, 1956 b
- Richard Law: 1945 b, 1951
- Frank Markham: 1935, 1951
- Sir Herbert Williams: 1932 b, 1950
- Cahir Healy: 1931 b, 1950
- Harold Macmillan: 1931, 1945 b
- Ian Fraser: 1931, 1940 b
- Harcourt Johnstone: 1931, 1940 b
- Cuthbert Headlam: 1931, 1940 b
- Gwilym Lloyd George: 1929, 1951
- Walter Ayles: 1929, 1945
- Somerville Hastings: 1929, 1945
- George Isaacs: 1929, 1939 b
- William Jowitt: 1929, 1939 b
- James Chuter Ede: 1929, 1935
- Herbert Morrison: 1929, 1935
- Robert Richards: 1929, 1935
- Arthur Henderson, Jr.: 1929, 1935
- Benjamin Walter Gardner: 1929, 1934 b
- Tom Smith: 1929, 1933 b
- William Wedgwood Benn: 1928 b, 1937 b
- Manny Shinwell: 1928 b, 1935
- Austin Hudson: 1924, 1950
- Walter Elliot: 1924, 1946 b
- Edward Cadogan: 1924, 1940 b
- Lord Erskine: 1924, 1940 b
- Tom Johnston: 1924 b, 1935
- Andrew MacLaren: 1924, 1935
- Alec Cunningham-Reid: 1924, 1932b
- Archibald Boyd-Carpenter: 1924, 1931
- Sir Geoffrey Ellis: 1924, 1931
- Arthur Evans, 1924, 1931
- Park Goff, 1924, 1931
- Vivian Henderson: 1924, 1931
- Frank Sanderson: 1924, 1931
- Wilfred Sugden: 1924, 1931
- Charles Lyle: 1923, 1940 b
- Thomas Ellis Naylor: 1923, 1935
- Francis Dyke Acland: 1923, 1932 b
- Walter Rea: 1923, 1931
- John Edmund Mills: 1923, 1929
- Walter Robert Smith: 1923, 1929
- Henry Guest: 1922, 1937 b
- Ramsay MacDonald: 1922, 1936 b
- Charles Roden Buxton: 1922, 1929
- Fred Jowett: 1922, 1929
- Hastings Lees-Smith: 1922, 1924, 1935
- Arthur Henderson, Sr.: 1919 b, 1923 b, 1924 b, 1933 b
- Edward Hemmerde: 1912 b, 1922
- Geoffrey Howard: 1911 b, 1923
- Charles Masterman: 1911 b, 1923
- Sir James Millar: 1911 b, 1922, 1929
- Sir Donald Maclean: December 1910, 1929
- Edward Anthony Strauss: December 1910, 1927 b, 1931
- Sir Hamar Greenwood: December 1910, 1924
- Frederick Guest: December 1910, 1923, 1931
- Leif Jones: December 1910, 1923, 1929
- William Mitchell-Thomson: December 1910, 1923
- Arthur Griffith-Boscawen: December 1910, 1921 b
- J.E.B. Seely: 1910 b, 1923
- Sir Harry Foster: January 1910, 1924
- Henry Duke: January 1910, 1911 [15]
- Winston Churchill: 1908 b, 1924
- Frederick Leverton Harris: 1907 b, 1914 b
- Thomas Bramsdon: 1906, 1918
- Havelock Wilson: 1906, 1918
- John Scurrah Randles: 1906 b, 1912 b
- Andrew Bonar Law: 1906 b, 1911 b
- James Rowlands: 1906, 1910
- Harry Levy-Lawson: 1905 b, 1910
- Walter Runciman: 1902 b, 1924
- Charles Cripps: 1901 b, 1910
- Alfred Billson: 1897 b, 1906
- Sir Francis Evans: 1896 b, 1901 b
- Lord Henry Cavendish-Bentinck: 1895, 1910
- Sir Robert Finlay: 1895, January 1910
- Robert Hermon-Hodge: 1895, 1909 b, 1917 b
- John Fletcher Moulton: 1894 b, 1898 b
- Philip Stanhope: 1893 b, 1904b
- William Grenfell: 1892 b, 1900
- Eugene Wason: 1892, 1899 b
- Michael Davitt: 1892, 1893 b, 1895
- William Mather: 1889 b, 1900 b
- Edmund Leamy: 1888 b, 1900
- Thomas Buchanan: 1888 b, 1892 b, 1903 b
- Tim Healy: 1887 b, 1911 b
- William O'Brien: 1887 b, 1900, January 1910
- William Sproston Caine: 1886 b, 1892, 1900
- James Agg-Gardner: 1885, 1900, 1911 b
- Lord Charles Beresford: 1885, 1898, 1902 b, 1910
- Sir William Ingram: 1885, 1892
- Henry Meysey-Thompson: 1885, 1892
- James Lowther: 1881 b, 1888 b
- John Aloysius Blake: 1880, 1886 b
- Sir Thomas Lea: 1880, 1886
- Samuel Danks Waddy: 1879b, 1882b, 1886
- Jacob Bright:1876 b, 1886
- John Philip Nolan: 1874b, 1900
- Sir George Elliot: 1874 b, 1881 b, 1886
- Arthur Hayter: 1873 b, 1893 b, 1900
- Sir Julian Goldsmid: 1870 b, 1885
- Thomas Salt: 1869 b, 1881 b, 1886
- Lord Claud Hamilton: 1869 b, 1880 b, January 1910
- Sir Wilfrid Lawson: 1868, 1886, 1903 b
- Edward Brydges Williams: 1868, 1880
- Ralph Bernal Osborne: 1866, 1870
- William Henry Leatham: 1865, 1880
- Arthur Otway: 1865, 1878 b
- Abel Smith: 1859, 1866 b
- Sir William Fraser: 1857, 1863 b, 1874 b
- George Peacocke: 1854 b, 1859, 1874
- James Patrick Mahon: 1847, 1879 b, 1887 b
- William Ewart Gladstone: 1847, 1865 b
- Sir James Fergusson: 1859, 1885
- Robert Aglionby Slaney: 1837, 1847, 1857
- Anthony Lefroy: 1833, 1842, 1858
- Daniel O'Connell: 1832, 1837
- William Lascelles: 1831, 1837, 1842 b
- William Vesey-FitzGerald: 1813 b, 1829 b, 1830 b, 1831
- Sir Manasseh Masseh Lopes: 1807, 1812, 1820
Notes:
- b indicates a by-election
Longest delay before making a comeback
In absolute terms two 17th-century members of the English Parliament had 35-year intervals outside the House of Commons:
- Edward Mainwaring, 35 years and 269 days from serving as MP for Newcastle-under-Lyme in the parliament that closed on 12 August 1625, to returning for the same seat at start of the Cavalier Parliament on 8 May 1661,[16]
- Sir William Killigrew who was out of the Commons 35 years and 30 days from the close of the 1628 parliament on 10 March 1629 when he served as MP for Penryn, Cornwall, until returning as MP for Richmond, Yorkshire on 9 April 1664[17]
Note that intervals of more than a decade between service in the Commons were more commonplace in the 17th than in later centuries due to factors such as:
- -years when no parliaments were held, such as Charles I's rule without parliament covering 1630–39,
- -Royalist MPs expelled during the English Civil Wars sitting again after the restoration of Charles II (1660),
- -the Cavalier Parliament of 1661–79 which met without general elections in meantime.
- -former Civil War and Commonwealth era Roundhead MPs returning to the Commons in the 1670s and 1680s under the Whig Party.
Since the establishment of regular parliamentary government at the end of the 17th century and the creation of the United Kingdom Parliament in 1801, possibly the longest gap between sitting was faced by Henry Drummond (1786–1860), of nearly 35 years between the dissolution of his first parliament on 29 September 1812 and returning to his next at the General Election held in July–August 1847.
Others:
- John Angerstein, 33 years (1802–1835)
- Sir George Sondes, 32 years (1629–1661)
- The Honourable Richard Spencer, 32 years (1629–1661)
- Sir William Ayscough, 32 years (1648–1681)
- Walter Hungerford, 32 years (1701–1734)
- Henry Bulwer, 31 years (1837–1868)
- William Allen, 31 years (1900–1931)
- Richard Winwood, 30 years (1648–1679)
- Sir William Whitelock, 30 years (1659–1689)
- Sir Thomas Hanmer, 29 years (1640–1669)
- Sir John Gell, 29 years (1659–1689)
- Richard Beke, 29 years (1659–1689)
- Charles Boscawen, 29 years (1659–1689)
- Sir Jonathan Jennings, 29 years (1659–1689)
- John Manley, 29 years (1659–1689)
- John Buller, 29 years (1796–1826)
- Edward Herle, 28 years (second comeback) (1660–1689)
- Thomas Lascelles, 28 years (1660–1689)
- Sir William Scott, 28 years (1830–1859)
- William John Evelyn, 28 years (1857–1885)
- Sir Alfred Hopkinson, 28 years (1898–1926)
- Robert Hyde, 27 years (1586–1614)
- Samuel Trehawke Kekewich, 27 years (1830–1858)
- Sir Edward East, 26 years (1796–1833)
- Lord Edward Thynne, 26 years (1832–1859)
- Sir Sidney Montagu, 26 years (1614–1640)
- James Patrick Mahon, 26 years (second comeback) (1852–1879)
- Sir William Monson, 24 years (1601–1626)
- Robert Ferguson, 24 years (1807–1831)
- Richard Spooner, 24 years (1820–1844)
- Charles Tottenham (1807–1886), 24 years (1831–1856)
- Philip Pleydell-Bouverie, 24 years (1832–1857)
- Sir William Morton, 23 years (1640–1663)
- Vincent Denne, 23 years (1658–1681)
- Henry Luttrell, 2nd Earl of Carhampton, 23 years (1794–1817)
- William Peachy, 23 years (1802–1826)
- Henry Tufton, 23 years (1802–1826)
- William Ormsby-Gore, 23 years (1807–1830)
- Edward Southwell Ruthven, 23 years (1807–1830)
- John Arthur Wynne, 23 years (1832–1856)
- Sir Abel Barker, 22 years (1656–1679)
- James Wentworth Buller, 22 years (1834–1857)
- Sir Charles Berkeley, 21 years (1640–1661)
- Sir William Fleetwood, 21 years (1640–1661)
- Sir Richard Lloyd, 21 years (1640–1661)
- Sir Robert Long, 21 years (1640–1661)
- Sir Philip Mainwaring, 21 years (1640–1661)
- Sir James Thynne, 21 years (1643–1664)
- Robert Carden, 21 years (1859–1880)
- Lord Claud Hamilton, 21 years (1888–1910)
- Thomas Gewen, 20 years (1626–1647)
- Sir Francis Wyndham, 20 years (1640–1660)
- Sir Nicholas Crispe, 20 years (1641–1661)
- William Sandys, 20 years (1641–1661)
- Edmund Wyndham, 20 years (1641–1661)
- Samuel Ashe, 20 years (1659–1679)
- Sir Cecil Bishopp, 20 years (1734–1755)
- Francis Leigh, 20 years (1801–1821)
- John Cressett-Pelham, 20 years (1802–1822)
- Walter Boyd, 20 years (1802–1823)
- Duncombe Pleydell-Bouverie, 20 years (1807–1828)
- Lord William Cholmondeley, 20 years (1832–1852)
- Sir John Shelley, 20 years (1832–1852)
- Sackville Stopford-Sackville, 20 years (1880–1900)
- Moss Turner-Samuels, 20 years (1924–1945)
- Sir Francis Darcy, 19 years (1601–1621)
- Sir Fulke Greville, 19 years (1601–1621)
- Sir Henry Herbert, 19 years (1642–1661)
- John Frederick Cheetham, 19 years (1885–1905)
- Ernest Bennett, 19 years (1910–1929)
- Edward Herle, 18 years (first comeback) (1640–1659)
- Sir John Stawell, 18 years (1642–1661)
- Sir John Banks, 18 years (1659–1678)
- Robert Beake, 18 years (1660–1679)
- Sir Thomas Acland, 18 years (1868-1885)
- Edward Brocklehurst Fielden, 18 years (1906-1924)
- Fenner Brockway, 18 years (1931–1950)
- Thomas Onley, 17 years (1554–1572)
- Sir Thomas Littleton, 17 years (1644–1661)
- Jonathan Rashleigh, 17 years (1644–1661)
- Sir Ralph Assheton, 17 years (1662–1679)
- Richard Watson, 17 years (1835–1852)
- Sir James Fergusson, 17 years (1868–1885)
- John Henry Maden, 17 years (1900–1917)
- Paul Tyler, 17 years (1974–1992)
- James Patrick Mahon, 16 years (first comeback) (1830–1847)
- Hugh Lucas-Tooth, 16 years (1929–1945)
- Ian Horobin, 16 years (1935–1951)
The longest interval between parliamentary service for women MPs was 13 years in the case of Jennie Lee, Leah Manning and Lucy Noel-Buxton, Baroness Noel-Buxton who lost their first seats at the General Election of October 1931 then gained their second at that of July 1945.
MPs who resigned without completing at least one full parliament (or five years service)
- Mark Reckless, 2014 (resigned to re-contest, after defecting to UKIP)
- Louise Mensch, 2012
- Jim Nicholson, 1985 (resigned to re-contest but was defeated)
- Frank Cousins, 1966
- Malcolm St. Clair, 1963 (honoured a pledge to stand down)
- Sidney Schofield, 1953
- John Belcher, 1949 (scandal)
- Tom Williamson, 1948
- Noel Mason-Macfarlane, 1946
- John Boyd Orr, 1946
- Clarice Shaw, 1946 (terminally ill)
Former and future Commonwealth heads of government
Several former heads of government have settled in Britain after their service and served in one of the Houses.
- Australia:
- Sir Robert Torrens, Premier of South Australia (September 1857); MP for Cambridge 1868–74
- Sir George Reid, Prime Minister of Australia (1904–05), previously Premier of New South Wales (1894–99); MP for St George, Hanover Square 1916–18
- Sir Newton Moore, Premier of Western Australia (1906–10); MP for St George, Hanover Square October–December 1918, Islington North 1918–23, and Richmond upon Thames 1924–32
- Stanley Melbourne Bruce, 1st Viscount Bruce of Melbourne, Prime Minister of Australia (1923–29); in House of Lords 1947–67
- Canada:
- Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, Prime Minister of Canada (1930–35); in House of Lords 1941–47
- Northern Ireland:
Several Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland when it had its own parliamentary government between 1921 and 1972 while remaining in the UK came to serve in Westminster as follows:
- James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1921–40, MP for East Down 1906–18 and Mid Down 1918–21; in House of Lords 1927–40.
- Basil Brooke, 1st Viscount Brookeborough, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1943–63; in House of Lords 1952–73
- Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1963–69; in House of Lords 1970–90
- James Chichester-Clark, Baron Moyola, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1969–71; in House of Lords 1971–2002
- Brian Faulkner, Baron Faulkner of Downpatrick, Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1971–72; in House of Lords 1977
Several United Kingdom MPs have become a prime minister in another part of the Commonwealth:
- Australia:
- Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, Premier of Victoria (1871–72), had been MP for New Ross in Ireland in 1852–56
- Sir Bryan O'Loghlen, Premier of Victoria (1881–83), had been MP for County Clare, Ireland in 1877–79 (but did not sit)[18]
- Irish Free State (within Commonwealth to 1948 - subsequently seceded as the Republic of Ireland):
- W. T. Cosgrave, President of the Executive Council (1922–32), had been the last MP for Kilkenny City in 1917–18 although never sat at Westminster because of imprisonment.
- Éamon de Valera, President of the Executive Council (Taoiseach) (1932–48) while the Irish Free State was within the Commonwealth. (Later Taoiseach in the Republic of Ireland government in 1951–54 and 1957–59, and President of the Republic 1959–73.) He had been MP for East Clare 1917–22 and East Mayo 1918–22, although never sat at Westminster.
- Malta:
- Gerald Strickland, 1st Baron Strickland, Prime Minister of Malta (1927–32), had been MP for Lancaster 1924–28; also sat in the House of Lords 1928–40.
Women
The first woman elected to the House of Commons was Constance Markievicz who was elected on 14 December 1918 to the constituency of Dublin St Patrick's, but she refused to take her seat as she was a member of Sinn Féin.
The first woman to take her seat as an MP was Conservative Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, elected 28 November 1919.[19]
The first woman MP to become a cabinet minister was Margaret Bondfield who was appointed Minister of Labour in 1929.
The only female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom was Margaret Thatcher who served as PM from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. Thatcher is the only woman to have held either post and is currently one of only three women ever to be the Leader of one of the three major political parties in the UK, Margaret Beckett and Harriet Harman having each briefly assumed the leadership of the Labour Party following the death of John Smith and the resignation of Gordon Brown respectively. Margaret Thatcher was also the first woman to hold one of the Great Offices of State.
Mother-daughter sets of MPs
These are rarer than father-son sets:
- Edith Summerskill, MP for Fulham West 1938–55 and Warrington 1955–61, was mother of Shirley Summerskill, MP for Halifax 1964–83. Their consecutive service in the Commons totaled 43 years and spans 45 years.
- Winnie Ewing, MP for Hamilton 1967–70 and Moray and Nairn 1974–79 was mother of Annabelle Ewing, MP for Perth 2001–05.
Sister sets
Mrs Sylvia Heal, MP for Mid Staffordshire 1990–92 and Halesowen and Rowley Regis 1997–2010 and Mrs Ann Keen, MP for Brentford and Isleworth 1997–2010.
Angela Eagle, MP for Wallasey since 1992, and Maria Eagle, MP for Liverpool Garston 1997–2010 and Garston and Halewood since 2010, have the distinction of being the first twin siblings to sit in the Commons and, as of 2016, are the only set of sisters currently serving.
Constituency representation
Most women representing:
Halifax (in 1964-83 and since 1987) and Erewash (continuously since 1992) have both, since 2015 been represented by a fourth woman to sit for their constituencies.
Longest period represented by women MPs:
Birmingham Edgbaston has been represented by 3 women MPs in continuous succession since a by-election on 2 July 1953, a period of more than 62 years, apart from a vacancy interval of 63 days between the death of Dame Edith Pitt on 27 January 1966 and the election of her successor Dame Jill Knight at the general election that year.
Husband-Wife sets of MPs
First couples to serve as MPs
- Successively - Waldorf Astor (later 2nd Viscount Astor), who was MP for Plymouth December 1910-December 1918 and Plymouth Sutton December 1918-October 1919 (on succession to hereditary peerage), and Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, who succeeded him as MP for the latter seat, becoming the first woman to take her seat in the Commons, from by-election in November 1919 until July 1945.
- Concurrently - Walter Runciman, MP for Swansea West 1924–29 and Hilda Runciman, MP for St Ives 1928–29. She relinquished the latter seat at the 1929 general election, enabling him to hold the seat until 1937. (He was also, previously, MP for Oldham 1899–1900 and Dewsbury 1902–18.)
First widow elected to succeed deceased husband as MP
Margaret Wintringham who became MP for Louth, Lincolnshire in 1921 at by-election following death of her husband Thomas Wintringham, who had only served since June 1920 and had died in August 1921. She lost the seat at the 1924 general election. She was the second woman to take her seat in the Commons.
Longest concurrent Commons service as married couple
Nicholas Winterton and Ann Winterton - 27 years, from the latter's election in 1983 for Congleton until both retired at the 2010 general election. The former had commenced serving as MP for Macclesfield from 1971. They are also contenders for the record of couple with highest collective years of service in the Commons, totaling 66 years.
Longest span of couple's service in the Commons
- (Consecutive) - Noel Buxton, MP for Whitby from by-election in May 1905 to 1906, and for Norfolk North 1910 to 1918 and 1922 to 1930 when he was raised to peerage as Baron Noel-Buxton, following which his wife Lucy, Baroness Noel-Buxton served as MP for Norfolk North from 1930 to the 1931 general election, and for Norwich from 1945 to 1950, making a span of nearly 45 years.
- (Concurrent) -Aneurin Bevan was MP for Ebbw Vale from 1929 (until his death in 1960), while his wife Jennie Lee, served from 1945 to 1970 as MP for Cannock, making a span of 41 years and 18 days.[20] The latter had been MP for North Lanarkshire from 1929 to 1931, prior to their marriage in 1934.
Representation of a constituency by a couple
The establishment of single-member seats by the 20th century as the norm for parliamentary constituencies means there have been no concurrent representations of a constituency by a couple but successive representations by one spouse after the other has died or relinquished the seat have been relatively commonplace in parliament.
Hemel Hempstead was represented the longest, for nearly 39 years, by John Davidson from a by-election in November 1920 until he was elevated to the House of Lords as Viscount Davidson in 1937, when the seat was represented by his wife Frances Davidson, Viscountess Davidson from the subsequent by-election until her retirement at the October 1959 general election.
Louth, Lincolnshire was represented for the shortest time, a total of 4 years and 3 months, by Thomas Wintringham from June 1920 to his death in August 1921, then by his widow, Margaret, from the by-election in September 1921 to the general election in October 1924.
Couples who served separately as MPs before marriage but not together after
- Campbell Stephen, MP for Glasgow Camlachie 1922–31 and 1935 to his death in 1947, who married in 1945 Dorothy Jewson, who had been MP for Norwich in 1923–24.
- Nigel Fisher, MP for Hitchin 1950–55 and Surbiton 1955–83, who married in 1956 Patricia Ford who had been MP for North Down from 1953 to 1955.
- Jim Sillars, MP for South Ayrshire 1970–79 and Glasgow Govan 1988–92, who married in 1981 Margo MacDonald who had been MP for Glasgow Govan in 1973–74
- Sir Alan Beith, MP for Berwick-upon-Tweed 1973–2015, who married in 2001 Diana Maddock, Baroness Maddock, who had been MP for Christchurch from 1993 to 1997.
Couples who married serving as MPs
- Andrew MacKay, MP for Birmingham Stechford 1977–79, East Berkshire 1983–97 and Bracknell 1997–2010, who married in August 1997, Julie Kirkbride, MP for Bromsgrove 1997–2010, when both had been returned in the general election in May 1997.
- Frank Doran, MP for Aberdeen South 1987–92, Aberdeen Central 1997–2005, and Aberdeen North 2005–15, who married in 2010 Dame Joan Ruddock, MP for Lewisham Deptford 1987–2015.
- Duncan Hames, MP for Chippenham 2010–15, who married in 2011 Jo Swinson, MP for East Dunbartonshire 2005–15.
- Nick Raynsford, MP for Fulham 1983–87, Greenwich 1992–97 and Greenwich & Woolwich 1997–2015, who married in 2012 Alison Seabeck, MP for Plymouth Devonport 2005–10 and Plymouth Moor View 2010–15.
- Mark Lancaster, MP for North East Milton Keynes 2005–10 and Milton Keynes North since 2010, who married in 2014 Caroline Dinenage, MP for Gosport since 2010.
Couple who divorced before one partner became an MP
Shirley Summerskill, MP for Halifax 1964–83, who divorced in 1971 from her husband John Ryman, who later became MP for Blyth 1974–83, and Blyth Valley 1983–87.
Couple who divorced when one partner had ceased to be an MP
John Dunwoody, MP for Falmouth and Camborne 1966–70, and Gwyneth Dunwoody, MP for Exeter 1966–70 and Crewe 1974–83 and Crewe and Nantwich 1983–2008, who divorced in 1975.
Couple who divorced while serving as MPs
Gordon Prentice, MP for Pendle 1992–2010 and Bridget Prentice, MP for Lewisham East 1992–2010, who divorced in 2000. They were married to each other when both were returned at the same 1992 general election.
Currently serving MP couples
- Harriet Harman, MP for Peckham 1982–97 and Camberwell and Peckham since 1997, married since 1982 to Jack Dromey, MP for Birmingham Erdington since 2010.
- Mark Lancaster, MP for North East Milton Keynes 2005–10 and Milton Keynes North since 2010, married since 2014 to Caroline Dinenage, MP for Gosport since 2010.
- Nick Smith, MP for Blaenau Gwent since 2015, married since 2014 to Jenny Chapman, MP for Darlington since 2010.
Couples with one spouse still serving in the Commons
- Sir Peter Bottomley, MP for Woolwich West 1975–83, Eltham 1983–97, and Worthing West since 1997, whose wife Virginia (now Baroness Bottomley) was MP for South West Surrey 1984–2005
- Yvette Cooper, MP for Pontefract and Castleford 1997–2010, and for Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford since 2010, whose husband Ed Balls was MP for Normanton 2005–10 and Morley and Outwood 2010–15
First UK MP married to a foreign head of government
Stephen Kinnock, MP for Aberavon since May 2015, is married to Helle Thorning-Schmidt, member of the Danish Parliament since 2005 and Prime Minister of Denmark from 2011 until 2015 (resigning shortly after Kinnock's election).
Mother- and child-in-law sets
(Not as commonplace as those of fathers- and children-in-law.)
- Gwendolen Guinness, Countess of Iveagh, MP for Southend 1927–35, was mother-in-law to two sons-in-law serving as MPs in her lifetime:
- Sir Henry Channon, MP for Southend 1935–50 and Southend West 1950–58
- Alan Lennox-Boyd, MP for Mid Bedfordshire 1931–60
- Edith Summerskill, MP for Fulham West 1938–55 and Warrington 1955–61, was mother-in-law (prior to his divorce from her daughter Shirley) to John Ryman, MP for Blyth 1974–83 and Blyth Valley 1983–87
- Patricia Ford, MP for North Down 1953–55, was mother-in-law to Sir Michael Grylls, MP for Chertsey 1970–74 and North West Surrey 1974–97
- Winnie Ewing, MP for Hamilton 1967–70 and Moray and Nairn 1974–79, was mother-in-law to Margaret Ewing, MP for East Dunbartonshire 1974–79 and Moray 1987–2001
Parents and children sets - unusual records
Children elected before parents
This is not as commonplace as children following parents into the Commons.
- Raymond Greene, elected in 1895, and father Sir Edward Greene, Bt, elected in 1900.
- Walter Runciman, elected in 1899, and father Sir Walter Runciman, Bt, elected in 1914.
Children serving alongside parents
It is rarer for parents and children to serve in the Commons simultaneously than consecutively (frequent cause of latter being death, retirement or promotion to House of Lords of the father). In most cases given below the sons entered parliament in latter stages of the father's service.
- David Mitchell, MP between 1964 and 1997, and son Andrew Mitchell, MP 1987–97 and since 2001.
- Tony Benn, MP 1950–2001, and son Hilary Benn, MP since 1999.
- Thomas Galbraith, MP between 1940 and 65, and son Tam, MP 1948–82.
- Harold Macmillan, MP 1924–64, and son Maurice Macmillan, MP 1955–83.
- Arthur Greenwood, MP 1922–54, and son Tony Greenwood, MP 1946–70.
- Isaac Foot, MP 1922–35, and son Dingle, MP 1931–70.
- William Adamson, MP 1910–31, and son William Murdoch Adamson, MP 1922–45.
- Stanley Baldwin, MP 1908–37, and son Oliver, MP 1929–47.
- Sir Francis Acland, MP 1906–39, and son Richard, MP 1935–55.
- Ramsay MacDonald, MP 1906–37 and son Malcolm MacDonald, MP 1929–45.
- Arthur Henderson, MP 1903–35, and sons Arthur, junior, MP 1923–66 and William, MP 1923–31.
- Winston Churchill, MP 1900–64, and son Randolph, MP 1940–45.
- Sir Edward Greene, 1st Baronet, MP 1900–06, and son Sir Raymond Greene, 2nd Baronet, MP 1895–1923.
- John Fitazalan Hope, MP 1900-29, and son Arthur, MP 1924-39.
- Sir Walter Runciman, MP 1914–18, and son Walter, MP 1899–1937.
- Wentworth Beaumont, MP 1895–1907, and son Hubert, MP 1906–10.
- John Benn, MP 1892–1910, and son William Wedgwood Benn, MP 1906–42. (Latter father of Tony Benn.)
- David Lloyd George, MP 1890–1945, son Gwilym Lloyd George, MP 1922–57, and daughter Megan Lloyd George, MP 1929–51 and 1957–66.
- Justin McCarthy (1830–1912), MP 1879–1900, and son Justin Huntly McCarthy, MP 1884–92.
- Joseph Chamberlain, MP 1876–1914, and son Austen, MP 1892–1937.
- William Vernon Harcourt, MP 1868–1904, and son Lewis, MP 1904–17 (the latter was elected in March 1904, before his father died serving in October same year).
- Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, 1st Baronet, MP 1865–1903, and sons Sir Alfred Edward Pease, 2nd Baronet, MP 1885–1902, and Joseph Albert Pease, MP 1892–1916.
- George Goschen, MP 1863–1900, and his son George Goschen, jnr, MP 1895–1900.
- Sir Bernhard Samuelson, MP 1859–95, and son Henry, MP 1868–85.
- Abel Smith (1829–1898), MP 1854–98, and son Abel Henry Smith, MP 1892–1910.
- Samuel Whitbread, MP 1852–95, and son Samuel Howard Whitbread, MP 1892–1910.
- Michael Thomas Bass, MP 1848–83, and sons Michael, MP 1865–86, and Hamar Alfred Bass, MP 1878–98.
- John Bright, MP 1843–89, and son William, MP 1885–90.
- Walter Long, MP 1835–65 and son Richard, MP 1859–68.
- Lionel de Rothschild, MP 1847–74, and his son Nathan Rothschild, MP 1865–85.
- Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, 11th Baronet, MP 1837-86, and sons Thomas, MP 1882-92, and Anthony, MP 1885-99.
- William Ewart Gladstone, MP 1832–95, and sons William Henry, MP 1865–85, and Herbert, MP 1880–1910.
- Thomas Langlois Lefroy, MP 1830–41, and son Anthony, MP 1830–70.
- Daniel O'Connell, MP 1828–46, and sons John, MP 1832–57, Maurice, MP 1832–53, and Morgan, MP 1832–40.
- Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 5th Baronet, MP 1820–56, and son Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 6th Baronet, MP 1852–67.
- Hussey Vivian, MP 1820–41, and son Charles Vivian, MP 1835–42.
- Ralph Bernal, MP 1818–52, and son Ralph Bernal Osborne, MP 1841–74.
- Henry Lowther, MP 1812–67, and son Henry, jnr, MP 1847–72.
- Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis, MP 1812–55, and son George Cornewall Lewis, MP 1847–63.
- Sir George Philips, 1st Baronet, MP 1812–35, and son Sir George Philips, 2nd Baronet, MP 1818–52.
- Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, MP 1809–50, and son Frederick Peel, MP 1849–65.
- William Ormsby-Gore, MP 1806–57, and son John, MP 1837–76.
- Henry Grattan, MP 1803–20, and son James, MP 1817–29.
- Robert Haldane Bradshaw, MP 1802–32, and son James, MP 1825–32. (They represented the same, two-member seat, of Brackley.)
- John Smith, MP 1802–35, and son John Abel Smith, MP 1830–59.
- Charles Grant, MP 1802–18, and son Charles, jnr, MP 1811–35.
- John Blackburne (1754–1833), MP 1801–31, and son John Ireland Blackburne (1783–1874), MP 1807–47.
- Sir William Lemon, 1st Baronet, MP 1801–24, and son Sir Charles Lemon, 2nd Baronet, MP 1807–57.
- Andrew Foley, MP 1801–18, and son Thomas, MP 1805–22.
- Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 4th Baronet, MP 1801–41, and son Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 5th Baronet, MP 1820–56.
- Sir Robert Peel, 1st Baronet, MP 1801–20, and sons Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, MP 1809–50, and William Yates Peel, MP 1817–47.
- Samuel Smith (1754–1834), MP 1801–32, and son Abel Smith (1788–1859), MP 1810–47. (On two occasions they sat together for the same two-member seat, Wendover, in 1812–18 and 1830–32.)
- Sir Matthew White Ridley, MP 1801-12, and son Nicholas Ridley-Colborne, MP 1805-37.
- John Beresford, MP 1801–05, and son John Claudius Beresford, MP 1801–11.
Brother sets of MPs
Largest set
Six brother sets:
- Francis Seymour-Conway, Viscount Beauchamp (later 2nd Marquess of Hertford) served 1766–94; Lord George Seymour-Conway 1784–90 and 1796–1801; The Honourable Henry-Seymour-Conway (later Lord Henry Seymour) 1766–84; Lord Robert Seymour 1771–90 and 1794–1820; Lord William Seymour 1783–84 and 1785–96; and Lord Hugh Seymour 1784–86 and 1788 to his death in 1801. All began serving in the pre-1801 Parliament of Great Britain and their service in the Commons totaled 126 years.
- Henry Paget, Lord Paget (later 1st Marquess of Anglesey) served 1790–1804 and 1806–10; The Honourable Arthur Paget 1794–1807; The Honourable Berkeley Paget 1807–26; Sir Charles Paget 1804–26 and 1831–33 and 1833–34; Sir Edward Paget, 1796–1806 and 1810–20; and The Honourable William Paget 1790 to his death in 1794. Four of the brothers began serving under the pre-1801 Parliament of Great Britain and their service in the Commons totaled 79 years.
Longest span of service in the Commons by brothers
Probably the longest (though not continuous) all time span of service by brothers in the Commons, in the Parliament of England, was 85 years from 1562, when Sir Henry Knollys was elected MP for Reading, until the death in 1648 of his brother Sir Francis Knollys (above, aged reputedly 97) also representing Reading, although there were intervals of years when parliament did not meet. They were part of another set of six brothers who all sat at various times.
Since regular parliamentary government was established by the start of the UK Parliament, contenders for longest span of continuous service include the four brothers Sir Robert Peel (also twice Prime Minister), William Yates Peel, Jonathan Peel and Edmund Peel, with a span of 59 years from Robert's by-election return on 15 April 1809 as MP for Cashel, to the retirement of Jonathan at the 1868 general election as MP for Huntingdon. Their collective service totaled 115 years and all four were simultaneously in Parliament when Edmund was sitting in 1831–32 and 1835–37 for Newcastle-under-Lyme. Another 59 year service span was enjoyed by two brothers, William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale (when Viscount Lowther before entering the House of Lords in 1841) and Henry Cecil Lowther, from the former's election as MP for Cockermouth in 1808 until the death of the latter as MP for Westmorland (which he had represented since 1812) and Father of the House on 4 December 1867.
Thomas Hyde Villiers and his brother Charles Pelham Villiers (above) had a span of nearly 72 years service from the former's first election as MP in 1826 to the latter's death as a serving MP and Father of the House in 1898, but this was broken by an interval when the former was out of parliament in 1831, and the gap between Thomas' death on 3 December 1832 and Charles' first election in 1835. Their consecutive service thus totaled 69 years.
Representation of same constituency by brothers
Where seats were in the patronage of territorial magnates, it was commonplace into the 19th century for brothers in (usually landowning) families to hold seats successively or (before the advent of single member seats) even concurrently, before the system of choosing candidates by local party associations became organised on a competitive selection basis. Two brothers successively represented North Derbyshire for a total span of nearly 48 years. Lord Cavendish of Keighley was MP from the 1832 general election until succeeding his father and going to the House of Lords as Earl of Burlington in 1834. He was succeeded by Lord George Henry Cavendish from 1834 until the latter's death on 23 September 1880.
The last set of brothers to represent the same constituency were Frederick and Henry Guest, who did so in connection with two successive constituencies:
- East Dorset. Frederick was first elected at the January 1910 General Election but was unable to take his seat due to irregularity by an election agent, causing a by-election in June 1910 when he stepped aside in favour of Henry, who held the seat until the December 1910 General Election when Henry in turn stepped aside in favour of Frederick who was elected, to hold the seat until the 1922 General Election.
- Plymouth Drake, of which Frederick was MP from 1931 to his death in 1937 when Henry succeeded him at the by-election and held the seat until the 1945 General Election.
Currently serving brother sets
- Complete set - Boris Johnson, MP for Henley 2001–08 and Uxbridge and South Ruislip from May 2015, and Jo Johnson, MP for Orpington from 2010.
- Set with one brother still serving - David Miliband, MP for South Shields 2001–13, and Ed Miliband, MP for Doncaster North from 2005.
Brother-sister sets of MPs
- The Honourable Gwilym Lloyd George (later 1st Viscount Tenby), MP for Pembrokeshire 1922–24 and 1929–50 and Newcastle upon Tyne North 1951–57, and sister Lady Megan Lloyd George, MP for Anglesey 1929–51 and Carmarthen 1957–66.
- Victor Cazalet, MP for Chippenham 1924–43 and his sister Thelma Cazalet-Keir, MP for Islington East 1931–45.
Currently serving brother-sister set
- Keith Vaz, MP for Leicester East from 1987, and sister Valerie Vaz, MP for Walsall South from 2010.
Ethnic minorities
First general election victors by religious affiliation
When the UK Parliament was established in 1801, non-Anglicans were prevented from taking their seats as MPs under the Test Act 1672. However, Methodists took communion at Anglican churches until 1795, and some continued to do so, and many Presbyterians were prepared to accept Anglican communion, thus ensuring that members of these creeds were represented in the Parliament.[21] Some Unitarians were also elected.
The first Roman Catholic general election victors in the UK Parliament were at the 1830 general election. They included Daniel O'Connell and James Patrick Mahon in Clare.
The first Quaker general election victor was Joseph Pease, at the 1832 general election.
Lionel de Rothschild was the first Jewish general election victor, at the 1847 general election. He was not permitted to take his seat until 1858.
The first declared atheist to win a general election was Charles Bradlaugh at the 1880 general election. He was not permitted to take the oath until January 1886, although he sat briefly in 1880–81 when permitted to affirm allegiance; a legal action later held that affirmation had no effect.
Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Parsi general election victor at the 1892 general election.
Piara Khabra became the first Sikh general election victor, at the 1992 general election.
Terry Rooney became the first Mormon general election victor at the 1992 general election, after being initially elected for his seat at a by-election in 1990.
The first Muslim general election victor was Mohammad Sarwar at the 1997 general election.
The first Hindu general election victor was Shailesh Vara at the 2005 general election.
Physical attributes
Heaviest
The heaviest MP of all time is believed to be Sir Cyril Smith, MP for Rochdale between 1972 and 1992, who weighed 189.6 kg (nearly 30 stone) at his peak in 1976.
Tallest
The tallest MP of all time is believed to be Daniel Kawczynski at 6 feet 8½ inches (204 cm) in 2007,[22] later stated to be 6 feet 9 inches (2.06 m) in 2014.[23] Before Kawczynski's election for Shrewsbury and Atcham in 2005, the record was held by Louis Gluckstein, MP for Nottingham East between 1931 and 1945, who measured 2.02m (6' 7.5").
Among pre-20th-century MPs, Sir John Cheyne (c. 1442 – 1499), known among contemporaries as the "Vigorous Knight" and MP for Wiltshire between 1471 and 1481, has been estimated to have been 6 feet 8 inches (2.03 m) tall, based on analysis of his thighbone (measuring 21 inches) found in his tomb.[24]
Shortest
Not counting MPs who served as minors, adult contenders for this record in modern times include Sarah Teather, MP for Brent East 2003–10 and Brent Central 2010–2015, who in 2014 was held to be the shortest MP then sitting, at 4 feet 10 inches (1.47m).[23] Hazel Blears, MP for Salford 1997–2010 and Salford and Eccles 2010–15 was also reportedly (2014) the same height.[25]
Physically disabled MPs
The following were all known to be disabled when serving as MPs:
Sir Francis Bryan, MP for Buckinghamshire in 1529, 1539, 1542 and 1545, who lost an eye in a tournament in 1526.
William Page, MP for Bridport in 1559, Oxford 1562–67, and Saltash 1571–81, who had a hand cut off in lieu of execution for distributing a political pamphlet in 1579.
John Stubbs or Stubbe, MP for Great Yarmouth 1588–89, who also had right hand cut off in lieu of execution for publication of the same pamphlet in 1579.
Hugh Bethell, MP for East Riding of Yorkshire 1654–56 and Hedon 1660–79, who lost an eye at the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644.
John Hewson, MP for Guildford 1656–58, who lost an eye in action in Ireland in 1650.
Sir Frescheville Holles, MP for Grimsby 1667–72, who lost an arm in a sea battle in 1666.
Thomas Erle, MP for Wareham 1679–98 and 1701–18, and Portsmouth 1698–1702 and 1708, who lost his right hand (by some reports) at Battle of Almanza in 1707.
Sackville Tufton, MP for Appleby 1681–89, who lost some use of his right hand after being wounded at the Battle of Schooneveld in 1673.
Sir James Lowther, MP for Carlisle 1694–1702, Appleby 1723–27, and Cumberland 1708–22 and 1727–55, who had his right leg amputated due to gout in 1750.
John Richmond Webb, MP for Ludgershall 1695–98, 1699–1705, 1706–13 and 1715–24, and for Newport, Isle of Wight 1713–15, who was lame after being severely wounded at the Battle of Malplaquet in 1709.
John Mordaunt, Viscount Mordaunt, MP for Chippenham 1701–05 and 1705–08, who lost his left arm at the Battle of Blenheim in 1704.
George Clarke, MP for Winchelsea 1702–05, East Looe 1705–08, Launceston 1711–13, and Oxford University 1717–36, who by 1734 lost his left eye and was losing sight in the other.
Galfridus Walpole, MP for Lostwithiel 1715–21, who lost his right arm by a sea battle in 1711.
William Windham, MP for Sudbury 1720–27 and Aldeburgh 1727–30, who lost a leg at the Battle of Blenheim.
Charles Stewart, MP for Malmesbury 1723–27 and Portsmouth 1737–41, who lost his right hand in a sea battle in 1697.
Frederick North, Lord North, MP for Banbury 1754–90, and Prime Minister 1770–82, who was increasingly blind from 1786.
Isaac Barré, MP for Wycombe 1761–74 and Calne 1774–90, who became blind in one eye at the Battle of Quebec in 1759 and totally blind in 1784.
John Sawbridge, MP for Hythe 1768–74 and City of London 1774–95, who was paralysed from about 1792.
James Murray, MP for Perthshire 1773–94, who was permanently disabled in 1761 by a battle wound that left him unable to lie down.
Pinckney Wilkinson, MP for Old Sarum 1774–84, who was incapacitated by a stroke from 1782.
Sir William Middleton, MP for Northumberland 1774–95, who was lame for life after severe wounding at Battle of Minden in 1759.[26]
Brook Watson, MP for the City of London 1784–93, who lost his right leg after a shark attack while swimming at Havana in 1749.
Francis Mackenzie, MP for Ross-shire 1784–90 and 1794–96, who became deaf and almost dumb from scarlet fever at about age of 12.
Sir John Call, MP for Callington 1784–1801, who became blind in about 1794.
Banastre Tarleton, MP for Liverpool 1790–1806 and 1807–12, who sustained a crippled right hand, losing two fingers, in action during the American War of Independence in 1781.
John Theophilus Rawdon, MP for Appleby 1791–96, and Launceston 1796–1802, who lost a leg at the Battle of Brandywine during the American War of Independence in 1777.
Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, MP for Beaumaris 1794–96 and Denbighshire 1796–1840, who became deaf after contracting erysipelas in 1826, and had a large tongue which impeded speech.[27]
Alexander Hope, MP for Dumfries Burghs 1796–1800 and Linlithgowshire 1800–34, who lost an arm and was left permanently lame after being wounded in the Flanders Campaign in 1795.
Sir Robert Abercromby, MP for Clackmannanshire 1798–1802, who became increasingly blind in office due to an eye disease contracted in India by 1797.
John Horne Tooke, MP for Old Sarum 1801–02, who lost sight of right eye in a boyhood fight and was reportedly "lame" when he took his seat.
Robert Haldane Bradshaw, MP for Brackley 1802–32, who lost use of his left limbs after a stroke in 1831.
Mervyn Archdall, MP for County Fermanagh 1802–34, who lost his right arm in battle in Egypt in 1801.
James Paull, MP for Newtown (Isle of Wight) 1805–06, who was left disabled in his right arm from a duel in 1795.
Sir William Maxwell, MP for Wigtownshire 1805–12 and 1822–30, who lost his left arm at the Battle of Corunna and was badly wounded in the knee in the Walcheren Expedition in 1809.
James Mingay, MP for Thetford 1806–07, who lost his right hand in childhood accident at a mill.
Sir Samuel Hood, MP for Westminster 1806–07 and Bridport 1807–12, who lost an arm in action at sea in 1806.
Thomas Thompson, MP for Rochester 1807–18, who lost a leg at the Battle of Copenhagen (1801).
Fulk Greville Howard, MP for Castle Rising 1808–32, who lost the sight of one eye during the Helder Expedition in 1799.
William Beresford, MP for County Waterford 1811–14, who was blinded in one eye by an accident with a musket on military service in 1786.
Coningsby Waldo-Sibthorpe, MP for Lincoln 1814–22, who was left paralysed in his lower back in carriage accident in 1821.
Lord Fitzroy Somerset, MP for Truro 1818–20 and 1826–29, who lost his right arm at the Battle of Waterloo.
Thomas Henry Hastings Davies, MP for Worcester 1818–34 and 1837–41, who became increasingly paralysed since a carriage accident while contesting the 1835 general election.
Sir Henry Hardinge, MP for Durham 1820–30, St Germans 1830–31, Newport (Cornwall) 1831–32, and Launceston 1832–44, who lost his left hand at the Battle of Ligny in 1815.
Lord John Hay, MP for Haddingtonshire 1826–31 and Windsor 1847–50, who lost his left arm in a sea battle in 1807.
Lord William Lennox, MP for King's Lynn 1831–34, who lost the sight of one eye in a horse riding accident in 1815.
William Ewart Gladstone, MP for Newark 1832–45, Oxford University 1847–65, South Lancashire 1865–68, Greenwich 1868–80, and Midlothian 1880–95, four times Prime Minister between 1868 and 1894, who lost the forefinger of his left hand in a shotgun accident in 1842.
George Julius Poulett Scrope, MP for Stroud 1833–67, who became increasingly blind later in office.
Admiral Sir Charles Napier, MP for Marylebone 1841–47 and Southwark 1855–60, who walked with a limp and stoop due to leg and neck wounds received in the Napoleonic Wars.
Henry Fawcett, MP for Brighton 1865–74 and Hackney 1874–84, who was blind since a field shooting accident when he was 25.
Arthur MacMorrough Kavanagh, MP for County Wexford 1866–68 and County Carlow 1868–80, who was born with rudimentary limbs without hands and feet.
Joseph Chamberlain, MP for Birmingham 1876–85 and Birmingham West 1885–1914, whose sight, speech and use of right hand were impaired by a stroke in 1906.
Arthur Elliot, MP for Roxburghshire 1880–92 and City of Durham 1898–1906, who had a leg amputated at age of four after a fall.
Michael Davitt, MP for Meath in 1882, North Meath in 1892, North East Cork in 1893, and South Mayo 1895–99, who lost his right arm in an industrial accident at a textile mill in 1857 aged 11.
Sir William Tindal Robertson, MP for Brighton 1886–89, who became blind from glaucoma in 1873.
William Archibald Macdonald, MP for Queen's County Ossory 1886–92, who was totally blind from age of 13.
Sir William Hornby, MP for Blackburn 1886–1910, who became deaf in 1908.
Sir Winston Churchill, MP for Oldham 1900–06, Manchester North West 1906–08, Dundee 1908–22, Epping 1924–45 and Woodford 1945–64, twice Prime Minister between 1940 and 1955, who became increasingly deaf from 1949 and a wheelchair user after a series of strokes towards the end of his service.
Joseph Patrick Nannetti, MP for Dublin College Green 1900–15, who was paralysed by illness from 1913.
Daniel Desmond Sheehan, MP for Mid-Cork 1901–18, who became deaf due to shellfire and ill-health while serving in World War I by 1917.
Philip Snowden, MP for Blackburn 1906–18 and Colne Valley 1922–31, who was paralysed by illness from waist down in 1891 and walked with aid of sticks.
Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, MP for Ripon 1910–25, who was born with a withered left arm and without a left hand.
Duncan Frederick Campbell, MP for North Ayrshire 1911–16, who lost his left arm at the First Battle of Ypres in 1914.
Aubrey Herbert, MP for South Somerset 1911–18 and Yeovil 1918–23, who was near blind from youth, becoming totally blind in his last year of life and service.
Cathal Brugha, MP for County Waterford 1918–22, who was left with a permanent limp after being wounded in the Easter Rising 1916.
Dan Irving, MP for Burnley 1918–24, who had lost a leg in an industrial accident as a railway worker.
Sir Oswald Mosley, MP for Harrow 1918–24 and Smethwick 1926–31, who was left with a permanent limp after fracturing his right leg in a plane crash during World War I.
Jack Cohen, MP for Liverpool Fairfield 1918–31, who lost both legs at the Third Battle of Ypres.
Frederick Martin, MP for Aberdeen and Kincardine East 1922–24, who was blinded during military training in 1915.
Douglas Pielou, MP for Stourbridge 1922–27, who was severely disabled by wounds at the Battle of Loos in 1915.
John Jacob Astor V, MP for Dover 1922–45, who lost his right leg in battle in World War I in 1918.
Herbert Morrison, MP for Hackney South 1923–24, 1929–31 and 1935–45, Lewisham East 1945–50 and Lewisham South 1950–59, who lost sight of his right eye due to babyhood infection.
Ian Fraser, MP for St. Pancras North 1924–29, 1931–37 and for Lonsdale 1940–58, who was blinded at the Battle of the Somme.
Robert Bourne, MP for Oxford 1924–38, who lost sight of one eye in schooldays game of rounders and sustained a crippled hand at Suvla Bay during World War I.
Harold Macmillan, MP for Stockton-on-Tees 1924–29 and 1931–45 and for Bromley 1945–64, Prime Minister 1957–63, who was left with a slight limp and weak right hand, affecting handwriting, by a series of wounds in World War I.
Charles Simmons, MP for Birmingham Erdington 1929–31, Birmingham West 1945–50 and Brierley Hill 1950–59, who lost a leg at the Battle of Vimy Ridge in 1917.
Richard Austen Butler, MP for Saffron Walden 1929–65, who was left with a poorly functioning right hand after a childhood riding accident.
Joseph Leckie, MP for Walsall 1931–38, who became increasingly deaf in office.
Cecil Manning, MP for Camberwell North 1944–50, who lost his right arm serving in World War I.
Michael Foot, MP for Plymouth Devonport 1945–55, Ebbw Vale 1960–83 and Blaenau Gwent 1983–92, who walked with aid of a stick since car crash injuries in 1963 and was blinded in one eye by an attack of shingles in 1976.
Geoffrey Stevens, MP for Portsmouth Langstone 1950–64, who became increasingly deaf from 1962.
Iain Macleod, MP for Enfield West 1950–70, who permanently limped due to a Second World War wound in 1940 and later ankylosing spondylitis.
Richard Wood, MP for Bridlington 1950–79, who lost both legs in battle in the Middle East in World War II.
William Rupert Rees-Davies, MP for Isle of Thanet 1953–74 and Thanet West 1974–83, who lost his right arm in action in World War II.
William Yates, MP for The Wrekin 1955–66, who lost a leg at the knee in the First Battle of El Alamein.
John Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith, MP for Edinburgh North 1960–73, who was left paralysed chest down after a fox hunting accident in 1971.
Jack Ashley, MP for Stoke-on-Trent South 1966–92, who became profoundly deaf in 1967 after a routine operation.
Roland Boyes, MP for Houghton and Washington 1983-97, who suffered from Alzheimer's disease from 1993.
Terry Dicks, MP for Hayes and Harlington 1983–97, who has cerebral palsy.
Gordon Brown MP for Dunfermline East 1983–2005 and Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath 2005–15, Prime Minister 2007–10. Blind in left eye since a rugby accident in 1967.
David Maclean, MP for Penrith and The Borders 1983–2010, who has had multiple sclerosis since 1996 (own account).[28]
Emma Nicholson, MP for Devon West and Torridge 1987–97, who has been deaf since age 16.
David Blunkett, MP for Sheffield Brightside 1987–2010 and Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough 2010–15, who has been blind since birth.
Anne Begg, MP for Aberdeen South 1997–2015, who has used a wheelchair since 1984 due to a degenerative disease.
Fiona Mactaggart, MP for Slough since 1997, who suffered from multiple sclerosis as early as 2006.
Stephen Lloyd, MP for Eastbourne 2010–15, who is deaf in one ear and has partial hearing in another since measles at age of six.
Robert Halfon, MP for Harlow since 2010, who has cerebral palsy.
Paul Maynard, MP for Blackpool North and Cleveleys since 2010, who has cerebral palsy and a congenital speech defect.
Alec Shelbrooke, MP for Elmet and Rothwell since 2010, who is partially deaf.
Members of Parliament who died on wartime active service
Pre-World Wars
Rank in Military | Name | Born | Killed/Died | Where/How | Political Party | MP's Seat | Honours |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sir Peter de Montfort | 1215 | 1265 | Killed at the Battle of Evesham | Baronial Forces | Unknown | 1st Speaker of the House of Commons | |
Sir Richard de Caverswall | c. 1255 | 1297 | Believed killed at Battle of Falkirk[29] | Staffordshire (1295) | |||
Sir Robert de Mauveysin | c. 1295 | 1346/47 | Died during Siege of Calais in the Hundred Years War[30] | Staffordshire (1336) | |||
Sir Robert de Swynnerton | c. 1355 | 1386 | Died during attack on Brest during Hundred Years War[31] | Staffordshire (1378) | |||
Sir Thomas Blenkinsop | c. 1336 | By April 1388 | Died a war prisoner in Scotland | Cumberland (1383), Westmorland (February 1388-death) | |||
Sir Robert Whitney | 1402 | Killed at Battle of Bryn Glas during Glyndŵr Rising | Herefordshire (1377–80, 1391) | High Sheriff of Herefordshire 1377 | |||
Sir Kynard de la Bere | 1402 | Killed at Battle of Bryn Glas | Herefordshire (1384, 1386, 1390, 1399) | High Sheriff of Herefordshire 1387, 1396, 1401 | |||
Sir Walter Devereux | c. 1361 | 1402 | Mortally wounded at Battle of Bryn Glas | Herefordshire 1401 | High Sheriff of Herefordshire 1401 | ||
Royal Standard Bearer of England | Sir Walter Blount | 1403 | Killed on royal side at the Battle of Shrewsbury | Derbyshire (1399–1400) | |||
Sir Nicholas Burdon | 1403 | Killed on royal side at Battle of Shrewsbury | Nottinghamshire (1395) | ||||
Sir John Calveley | 1403 | Killed on royal side at Battle of Shrewsbury | Rutland (1383, 1390), Leicestershire (1385, 1397) | Sheriff of Rutland 1384, 1389; Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire 1389, 1402 | |||
Sir John Clifton | 1403 | Killed on royal side at Battle of Shrewsbury | Nottinghamshire (1402) | Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, 1402-death | |||
Sir Hugh Shirley | c. 1362 | 1403 | Killed on royal side at Battle of Shrewsbury | Leicestershire (1393) | |||
Sir Thomas Wensley | c. 1343 | 1403 | Killed on royal side at Battle of Shrewsbury | Lancastrian | Derbyshire (1382, 1384, 1386, 1390, 1394) | ||
Sir Hugh Browe | 1346 | 1403 | Believed to have died fighting on rebel Henry Percy (Hotspur)'s side at Battle of Shrewsbury[32] | Rutland (1388 and 1390) | |||
Sir Reynold Braybrooke | c. 1356 | 1405 | Died of wound during expedition to Flanders | Kent (1404-death) | |||
Sir William Boteler | 1415 | Died during Siege of Harfleur in Hundred Years War | Lancashire (1406) | ||||
Sir Thomas Clinton | 1415 | Died of disease during Siege of Harfleur | Warwickshire (1397), Kent (1404, 1406 and 1414) | ||||
Sir Nicholas Longford | before 1373 | 1415 | Killed or died of disease during Siege of Harfleur | Derbyshire (1404) | Sheriff of Lancashire 1414 | ||
Sir John Phelip | 1415 | Died of fever during Siege of Harfleur | Worcestershire (1413) | English Ambassador to France 1414–15 | |||
Nicholas Broomford | c. 1362 | 1415 | Died after invaliding home after Siege of Harfleur | Cornwall (1406), Barnstaple (1411) | Coroner of Cornwall 1411 | ||
William Brokesby | 1416 | Believed to have died of effects of service Agincourt-Harfleur campaign | Leicestershire (1404) | Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire 1404 and 1409 | |||
Sir Richard Arches | 1417 | Died on service in Normandy during Hundred Years War | Buckinghamshire (1402) | ||||
Ralph Green | c. 1379 | 1417 | Believed to have died on service in Normandy during Hundred Years War | Northamptonshire (1404, 1410) | Sheriff of Northamptonshire 1404, 1407 and 1414; Sheriff of Wiltshire 1406; son of Sir Henry Green (executed). | ||
Sir John Greyndore | c. 1356 | 1417 | Believed to have died at Harfleur during Hundred Years War | Herefordshire (1401, 1404) | Sheriff of Glamorganshire 1404, 1405 and 1411; Justice Itinerary in South Wales 1415 | ||
Marshal | Sir James Haryngton | 1417 | Killed in siege of Caen in Hundred Years War | Lancashire (1404) | Constable of Liverpool Castle 1404-death, Ambassador in Scotland 1415 | ||
Sir Brian Stapleton | 1417 | Killed in advance on Alençon in Hundred Years War | Yorkshire (1416) | ||||
Sir Edmund Thorpe | 1418 | Died at siege of Louviers in Hundred Years War | Norfolk (1397, 1407) | Mayor of Bordeaux 1400–02 | |||
Sir Robert Plumpton | 1383 | 1421 | Believed killed at Siege of Meaux in Hundred Years War | Yorkshire (1411 and 1416), Nottinghamshire (1414) | |||
Sir Robert Poynings | c. 1419 | 1461 | Killed during Second Battle of St Albans | Yorkist | Sussex (1450, 1451) | ||
Sir William Bonville, later 1st Baron Bonville | c. 1392/93 | 1461 | Beheaded after capture in Second Battle of St Albans | Yorkist | Somerset (1421), Devon (1422, 1425, 1427) | KG, High Sheriff of Devon (1423) | |
Sir John Wenlock, later 1st Baron Wenlock | 1471 | Killed during Battle of Tewkesbury | Lancastrian | Bedfordshire (1433–55) | KG, Speaker of the House of Commons in 1459 | ||
Sir Gervase Clifton | 1471 | Beheaded after capture in Battle of Tewkesbury | Lancastrian | Kent (1455) | Treasurer of the Household and Treasurer of Calais (1450–60), High Sheriff of Kent 1439, 1450, 1458 | ||
Sir John Delves | c. 1418 | 1471 | Beheaded after capture in Battle of Tewkesbury | Lancastrian[33] | Staffordshire (1467–68) | Joint Warden of the Mint 1471 | |
Sir Thomas Tresham | 1471 | Beheaded after capture at Battle of Barnet | Lancastrian | Buckinghamshire (1447–49), Huntingdonshire (1449), Northamptonshire (1453–59) | Speaker of the House of Commons in 1455 | ||
Walter Devereux, later 7th Baron Ferrers of Chartley | c. 1431 | 1485 | Killed at Battle of Bosworth | Yorkist | Herefordshire (1450–55) | KG | |
John Howard, later 1st Duke of Norfolk | c.1425 | 1485 | Killed at Battle of Bosworth | Yorkist | Suffolk (1449–67) | KG; Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 1461, Treasurer of the Royal Household (1468–70),Earl Marshal and Lord Admiral of England (1483-death) | |
Sir William Catesby | 1450 | 1485 | Beheaded after capture at Battle of Bosworth | Yorkist | Northamptonshire (1484-death) | Speaker of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1484 | |
Sir Edward Bayntun | 1480 | 1544 | Died of wounds in France during the Italian War of 1542–46 | Wiltshire (1529, 1539–42), Wilton (1542-death) | Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen Consort | ||
Sir Ralph Eure | by 1510 | 1545 | Killed at Battle of Ancrum Moor in War of the Rough Wooing | Scarborough (1542–44) | Warden of the Middle Marches (1542-death) | ||
Vice-Admiral | Sir George Carew | c. 1504 | 1545 | Lost in sinking of the Mary Rose off Spithead during the Italian War | Devon 1529 | ||
Marshal of the Army in France | Sir Ralph Ellerker | 1546 | Killed in battle at Boulogne during Italian War | Yorkshire (1542–45) | |||
Vice-Admiral | Sir John Clere | c. 1511 | 1557 | Drowned in sea battle in command of English naval expedition against the Scots in Orkney Islands[34] | Bramber (1542–44, 1545–47), Thetford (1553), Norfolk (1555) | ||
Sir William Courtenay, de jure 8th Earl of Devon | 1529/30 | 1557 | Died of disease after Siege of St Quentin, France | Plympton Erle (1555) | |||
Captain (British Army) | The Honourable Francis Somerset | By 1532 | 1571 | Killed in attack on Le Havre | Monmouthshire (1558) | Son of Henry Somerset, 2nd Earl of Worcester hence Honourable | |
Captain | William Norreys | c. 1545 | 1579 | Died of fever on arrival in Ireland | Berkshire (1576-death) | ||
Henry Knollys | c. 1542 | 1582 | Died of wounds or disease in Netherlands during Eighty Years' War | Reading (1562–72), Oxfordshire (1572-death) | |||
William Thomas | 1551 | 1586 | Killed at Battle of Zutphen during Eighty Years' War | Caernarvonshire (1572-death) | High Sheriff of Anglesey 1578 and Caernarvonshire 1580 | ||
General | Sir Philip Sidney | 1554 | 1586 | Died from wound received at Battle of Zutphen | Shrewsbury (1572–84), Kent (1584–85) | Governor of Flushing (1585–death) | |
Admiral | Sir Richard Grenville | 1542 | 1591 | Died of wounds received in Battle of Flores during Anglo–Spanish War | Cornwall left Commons 1586 | ||
Admiral | Sir John Hawkins | 1532 | 1595 | Died of sickness off Puerto Rico during Anglo–Spanish War | Plymouth (1571–84) | Treasurer of the Navy (1578-death) | |
Vice-Admiral | Sir Francis Drake | c. 1540 | 1596 | Died of dysentery at sea off Panama, on same expedition as Hawkins. | Bossiney (1584–85), Plymouth (1593) | ||
Colonel | Sir John Wingfield | 1596 | Killed in attack on Cadiz during Anglo-Spanish War | Lichfield (1593-death) | |||
General | Sir Thomas Baskerville | 1597 | Died of fever on expedition in Picardy | Carmarthen borough (1593-death) | |||
General | Sir John Norreys | c. 1547 | 1597 | Died of wounds received in Ireland | Oxfordshire (1589) | President of Munster; brother of Captain William Norreys | |
Marshal of the Army in Ireland | Sir Henry Bagenal | c. 1556 | 1598 | Killed at the Battle of the Yellow Ford | Anglesey (1586–88) | Chief Commissioner for Ulster, PC | |
Sergeant-Major-General | Sir Conyers Clifford | 1599 | Killed in Battle of Curlew Pass | Pembroke (1593–97) | President of Connaught (1597-death) | ||
Colonel-General | Sir Henry Norreys | c. 1554 | 1599 | Mortally wounded at Finniterstown in Ireland | Berkshire (1589 and 1597–98) | KG; brother of William and Sir John Norreys, also died in Ireland | |
Captain | The Honourable James, Lord Wriothesley | 1605 | 5 November 1624 | Died of fever in Netherlands during Eighty Years' War | Callington (1621–22), Winchester (February 1624-death) | Eldest son of Earl of Southampton, hence Lord; KB | |
Colonel | Sir John Ratcliffe | 1582 | 1627 | Killed in France in Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré | Tewkesbury (1614), Lancashire (1621–26), Tavistock (1626) | ||
Robert Pooley | c. 1600 | 1627 | Killed in France in Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré | Queenborough (1624–25 and 1626-death) | |||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Sir Edward Vere | 1581 | 1629 | Died of wounds at siege of 's-Hertogenbosch during Thirty Years War | Newcastle-under-Lyme (February–April 1624) | ||
Sir Arthur Tyringham | c. 1585 | 1642 | Died of disease or wounds received commanding defence of Lisburn during Irish rebellion | Brackley (1614) | Also Member of Parliament of Ireland, PC (Ire), Governor of Newry, Custos Rotulorum of Anglesey 1640-death | ||
Royal Standard-Bearer of England | Sir Edmund Verney | 1590/1596 | 1642 | Killed during the Battle of Edgehill during the Civil War | Royalist | Buckingham (1624–25), New Romney (1625–26), Aylesbury (1629), Wycombe (1640-death) | Knight Marshal |
Lieutenant Colonel | William Herbert | 1642 | Killed during the Battle of Edgehill | Royalist | Cardiff (1640-death) | ||
Colonel | Sir Oliver St John, later 5th Baron St John of Bletso | 1603 | 1642 | Died of wounds after Battle of Edgehill | Civil War Roundhead | Bedfordshire (1624–29) | KB |
Sir Richard Buller | 1578 | 1642 | Died after retreat from Launceston in Civil War | Roundhead | St Germans (1621), Saltash (1625–29), Cornwall (1640), Fowey (1640-death) | High Sheriff of Cornwall 1637 | |
Colonel | Thomas Smith or Smyth | 1609 | 1642 | Died while serving with Royalist army at Cardiff | Royalist | Bridgwater (1628–29 and 1640-August 1642), Somerset (1640) | |
General | Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke | 1607 | 1643 | Killed by a sniper in Lichfield during the Civil War | Roundhead | Warwick (1628) | |
General | Spencer Compton, Lord Compton, later 2nd Earl of Northampton | 1601 | 1643 | Killed during Battle of Hopton Heath during the Civil War | Royalist | Ludlow (1621–29) | KB; Master of the Robes to Prince of Wales Charles II |
Lieutenant-General | Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull | 1584 | 1643 | Captured by Roundheads at Gainsborough, then killed by friendly fire when boat transporting him to Hull was fired on by Royalist artillery | Civil War Royalist | Nottinghamshire (1601–04) | High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire 1613 |
Colonel | Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland | 1610 | 1643 | Killed during the First Battle of Newbury during the Civil War along with The Earl of Carnarvon and the Earl of Sunderland | Parliamentarian, then Royalist from 1642 | Newport (Isle of Wight) (1640–42) | Scottish peer so could sit in English Commons; PC; Secretary of State (1642-death) |
Colonel | William Brooke, 12th Baron Cobham | 1601 | 1643 | Died of wounds received on Roundhead side at First Battle of Newbury | Rochester (1628–29) | KB | |
Colonel | The Hon. Ferdinando Stanhope | 1643 | Killed at Bridgeford during the Civil War | Royalist | Tamworth (1640-death) | ||
Colonel | Sir Bevil Grenville | 1596 | 1643 | Killed during the Battle of Lansdowne during the Civil War | Royalist | Cornwall (1621–25 and 1640–42), Launceston (1625–29 and 1640) | |
Colonel | Nicholas Kendall | c. 1577 | 1643 | Killed at siege of Bristol during the Civil War. | Royalist | Lostwithiel (1625 and 1640) | Recorder of Lostwithiel |
Colonel | Sir Nicholas Slanning | 1606 | 1643 | Killed at siege of Bristol | Royalist | Plympton Erle (1640), Penryn (1640–42) | Governor of Pendennis Castle 1635, Recorder of Plympton St Maurice 1640 |
John Trevanion | 1613 | 1643 | Killed at siege of Bristol | Royalist | Grampound (1640), Lostwithiel (1640-death) | ||
Trooper | Sidney Godolphin | 1610 | 1643 | Killed at Chagford during Civil War | Royalist | Helston (1628–29 and 1640-death) | |
Colonel | John Hampden | c. 1595 | 1643 | Killed at Battle of Chalgrove Field during Civil War | Roundhead | Grampound (1621), Wendover (1624–29), Buckinghamshire (1640-death) | |
Colonel | Henry Bulstrode | 1578 | 1643 | Died serving in Roundhead army in Civil War | Helston (1614), Buckinghamshire (1625) | Governor of Aylesbury and Henley-on-Thames 1643 | |
Colonel | Arthur Goodwin | c. 1593/94 | 1643 | Died of 'camp fever' after campaign in Buckinghamshire in Civil War | Roundhead | High Wycombe (1621–24), Aylesbury (1626), Buckinghamshire (1640-death) | Parliamentary Commander-in-Chief, Buckinghamshire, 1643 |
Colonel | Sir William Pennyman, 1st Baronet | 1607 | 1643 | Died of plague in Oxford during Civil War | Royalist | Richmond, Yorkshire (1640–42) | Governor of Oxford |
Sir Edward Noel, later 2nd Viscount Campden | 1582 | 1643 | Died in the Royalist garrison at Oxford during Civil War | Civil War Royalist | Rutland (1601) | ||
Colonel | John Fenwick | 1644 | Killed during Battle of Marston Moor during the Civil War | Royalist | Morpeth (1640–1644) | ||
Colonel | Sir John Mill | c. 1608 | 1644 | Died after capture by Roundhead forces at Christchurch, Hampshire | Civil War Royalist | Lymington (1625) | |
Sir William Savile, 3rd Baronet | 1612 | 1644 | Killed in action near York during Civil War | Royalist | Yorkshire 1640, Old Sarum 1641–42 | Royalist Governor of Sheffield and York. | |
Michael Warton | 1593 | 1645 | Killed during Great Siege of Scarborough Castle during the Civil War | Royalist | Beverley (1640–1644) | ||
Colonel | Sir Richard Hutton | 1594 | 1645 | Killed as Royalist in battle at Sherburn-in-Elmet during the Civil War | Knaresborough (1626–29) | Governor of Knaresborough Castle 1642 | |
Sir Richard Cave | c. 1593 | 1645 | Killed at Battle of Naseby during Civil War | Royalist | Lichfield (1641–42) | ||
Colonel | Sir Thomas Aston, 1st Baronet | 1600 | 1645 | Struck on head attempting to escape Roundhead captivity in Stafford and died of fever it and other wounds caused in the Civil War | Royalist | Cheshire (1640) | High Sheriff of Cheshire (1635) |
Colonel | Thomas Lowther | 1602 | 1645 | Died of tuberculosis at Newark during the Civil War | Civil War Royalist | Berwick-upon-Tweed (1626–28), Appleby (1628–29) | Governor of Pontefract Castle 1644–45 |
Thomas Leedes | 1645 | Killed at Oxford during the Civil War | Royalist | Steyning (1640–1642) | |||
Sir William Croft | c. 1595 | 1645 | Killed after attempted raid on Stokesay Castle in Civil War | Civil War Royalist | Launceston (1614), Malmesbury (1626–29) | ||
Colonel | Sir Marmaduke Roydon | 1583 | 1646 | Died of illness in command in Berkshire during the Civil War | Civil War Royalist | Aldeburgh (1628–29) | Governor of Faringdon (1645-death) |
Colonel | John Ramsden | 1594 | 1646 | Killed at the Siege of Newark in the Civil War | Royalist | Pontefract (1628, 1640) | |
Colonel | Mr Nicholas Kemeys, later Sir Nicholas, 1st Baronet | by 1593 | 1648 | Killed leading defence of Chepstow Castle in Civil War | Civil War Royalist | Monmouthshire (1628–29) | High Sheriff of Monmouthshire 1631, High Sheriff of Glamorganshire 1638, Royalist Governor of Cardiff. |
Colonel | Sir Francis Thornhagh | 1617 | 1648 | Killed near Chorley after Battle of Preston (1648) during the Civil War | Roundhead | East Retford (1646–death) | |
Colonel | Thomas Rainsborough | 1610 | 1648 | Killed at siege of Pontefract during Civil War | Roundhead | Droitwich (1647-death) | |
Colonel | Ralph Sneyd | 1650 | Shot while fighting on the Isle of Man during Civil War | Royalist | Stafford (1640–1642) | ||
Colonel | John Moore | 1599 | 1650 | Died of fever in Ireland during Irish Confederate Wars | Roundhead | Liverpool (1640-death) | Governor of Dublin 1649-death |
Lieutenant-General the Duke of Hamilton | William Hamilton, Earl of Lanark, later 2nd Duke of Hamilton | 1616 | 1651 | Died of wounds at Battle of Worcester | Royalist | Portsmouth, 1640 | Scottish Peer so could sit in English House of Commons; KG, Secretary of State, Scotland (1641–49) |
General | Henry Ireton | 1611 | 1651 | Died of fever after Siege of Limerick | Roundhead | Appleby (1645-death) | Lord Deputy of Ireland (1651-death) |
General at Sea | Edward Popham | 1610 | 1651 | Died of fever in naval command at Dover during Civil War | Roundhead | Minehead (1645–48) | |
General at Sea | Robert Blake | 1598 | 1657 | Died at sea from wounds received in Anglo-Spanish War en route to Plymouth | Roundhead | Bridgwater (1640, 1645, 1654) Taunton (1656-death) | |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Francis White | 1657 | Lost at sea on Goodwin Sands returning from Flanders | Roundhead | Tewkesbury (1656-death) | ||
Captain (naval) | Charles Berkeley, 1st Viscount Fitzhardinge, later 1st Earl of Falmouth | 1630 | 1665 | Killed during the Battle of Lowestoft along with Earl of Marlborough and the Earl of Portland when a chain shot decapitated them | Royalist | New Romney (1661–1664) | Sat in Commons while Irish peer until created Earl of Falmouth |
Captain-Lieutenant | The Honourable Edward Montagu | c. 1636 | 1665 | Died at Bergen, Norway in Battle of Vågen | Royalist | Sandwich (1661-death) | Son of 2nd Baron Montague of Boughton, hence Honourable; master of horse to the Queen. |
Vice-Admiral | Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich | 1625 | 1672 | Battle of Solebay | Roundhead to 1660, then Royalist | Huntingdonshire (1645–60), Dover (1660) | KG, English Ambassador to Spain (1666); cousin of namesake died at Vagen. |
Captain | Sir Frescheville Holles | 1642 | 1672 | Battle of Solebay | Royalist | Grimsby (1667-death) | FRS, Mayor of Grimsby 1669 |
Admiral | Sir Edward Spragge | 1629 | August 1673 | Fourth Battle of Texel | Royalist | Dover (February 1673-death, but did not sit) | |
Captain | John Trelawny | c. 1646 | 1680 | Killed in Tangier | West Looe (1677-death) | ||
Wadham Strangways | 1646 | 1685 | Killed by rebel musketeer on duty with West Dorset Militia in Bridport during the Monmouth Rebellion | Bridport (1677–79) | Governor of Portland Castle 1679-death | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Charles FitzWilliam | c. 1646 | September 1689 | Died during Williamite War in Ireland | Whig | Peterborough (1685–87 and January 1689-death) | Son of 2nd Earl Fitzwilliam, hence Honourable |
Colonel | Philip Babington | c. 1632 | 1690 | Died of fever during Williamite War in Ireland | Berwick-upon-Tweed (1689) | Governor of Berwick-upon-Tweed 1689-death | |
Colonel | Sir Francis Edwardes, 1st Baronet | 1643 | 1690 | Died during Williamite War in Ireland | Shrewsbury (1685–87 and 1689-death) | Mayor of Shrewsbury 1685 | |
Lieutenant-General | Percy Kirke | c. 1646 | 1691 | Died at Brussels on service during War of the Grand Alliance | Tory | West Looe (1689–90) | Keeper of Whitehall Palace 1687-death |
Lieutenant-General | Thomas Tollemache | c. 1651 | 1694 | Died at Plymouth of wounds received in attack on Brest during War of the Grand Alliance | Malmesbury (1689–90), Chippenham (1692-death) | Governor of Portsmouth (1690-death) | |
Captain | William Bokenham | 1702 | Died at sea after Battle of Vigo Bay during War of the Spanish Succession | Whig | Rochester (1701–02) | ||
Lewis Oglethorpe | 1681 | 1704 | Died of wounds received at Battle of Schellenberg | Haslemere (1702-death) | |||
Colonel | Thomas Stringer | 1660 | 1706 | Died in Flanders during War of the Spanish Succession | Clitheroe (1698-death) | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | George Dashwood | 1669 | 1706 | Died aboard ship at Torbay embarking with his regiment to Spain during War of the Spanish Succession | Tory | Sudbury (1703–05) | |
Admiral of the Fleet | Sir Cloudesley Shovell | 1650 | 1707 | Died at sea in Scilly naval disaster of 1707 returning from the Mediterranean during War of the Spanish Succession (drowned or murdered by civilian robber onshore) | Rochester (1695–1701 and 1705-death) | ||
Brigadier-General | William Nassau de Zuylestein, Viscount Tunbridge, later 2nd Earl of Rochford | 1682 | 1710 | Killed at Battle of Almenara in War of the Spanish Succession | Whig | Steyning (1708–09) | Also Member of the Parliament of Ireland |
Colonel | Lord James Cavendish | 1701 | November 1741 | Died in West Indies during War of Jenkins's Ear. | Whig | Malton (May 1741-death) | Son of 2nd Duke of Devonshire, hence Lord. |
Captain | Lord Augustus Fitzroy | 1716 | 1741 | Died in West Indies during War of Jenkins's Ear | Whig | Thetford (1739-death) | Son of 2nd Duke of Grafton, hence Lord. |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Charles Campbell | c. 1695 | 1741 | Died in Jamaica during War of Jenkins's Ear. | Argyllshire (1736-death) | ||
Captain | James Cornewall | 1698 | 1744 | Killed at Battle of Toulon during War of the Austrian Succession | Weobley (1732–34, 1737–41) | ||
Lieutenant-General | Sir James Campbell | c. 1680 | 1745 | Died of wounds received at Battle of Fontenoy in War of the Austrian Succession | Whig | Ayrshire (1727–41) | KB; Governor of Edinburgh Castle 1738-death |
Colonel | The Honourable Robert Douglas | c. 1703 | 1745 | Killed at Battle of Fontenoy | Whig | Orkney and Shetland (1730-death) | Son of 13th Earl of Morton, hence Honourable |
Captain | Charles Ross | 1721 | 1745 | Killed at Battle of Fontenoy | Ross-shire (1741-death) | ||
Colonel | Sir Robert Munro, 6th Baronet | 1684 | 1746 | Killed at Battle of Falkirk during Jacobite Rebellion | Whig | Tain Burghs (1710–41) | |
Captain | Lord George Graham | 1715 | 1747 | Died of illness contracted at sea during War of the Austrian Succession | Whig | Stirlingshire (1741-death) | Son of 1st Duke of Montrose, hence 'Lord' |
Captain | Thomas Grenville | 1719 | 1747 | Mortally wounded in First Battle of Cape Finisterre (1747) during War of the Austrian Succession | Whig | Bridport (1746-death) | |
Brigadier-General | William Douglas | 1688 | 1747 | Died in Flanders during War of the Austrian Succession | Whig | Kinross-shire (1715–22) | |
Brigadier-General | George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe | 1725 | 1758 | Battle of Carillon | Tory | Nottingham (1747–death) | Irish peer so could sit in the Commons |
Major | John Rutherfurd | 1712 | 1758 | Killed serving with Royal Americans at Battle of Carillon | Roxburghshire (1734–42) | ||
Colonel | Sir John Armytage, 2nd Baronet | 1732 | 1758 | Battle of Saint Cast | Tory | York (1754–death) | |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Henry Pleydell Dawnay, 3rd Viscount Downe | 1727 | 1760 | Wounds received at Battle of Campen | Tory | Yorkshire (1750–death) | Irish peer so could sit in the Commons |
Rear-Admiral | Charles Holmes | 1711 | 1761 | Died in command at Jamaica during Seven Years' War | Newport (Isle of Wight) (1758-death) | ||
Captain | Sir William Peere Williams, 2nd Baronet | c. 1730 | 1761 | Killed in Capture of Belle Île | New Shoreham (1758-death) | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Henry Townshend | 1736 | 1762 | Killed at Battle of Wilhelmsthal | Eye (1758–60, 1760-death) | ||
Captain | Lord William Campbell | 1731 | 1778 | Died from effects of wound received in attack on Fort Moultrie in American War of Independence | Argyllshire (1764–66) | Governor of Nova Scotia (1766–73), Governor of South Carolina (1775) | |
Lieutenant-Colonel | The Honourable John Maitland | 1732 | 1779 | Died of fever after Siege of Savannah in American War of Independence | Haddington Burghs (1774-death) | Son of 6th Earl of Lauderdale, hence Honourable. | |
Colonel | James Dundas | 1721 | 1780 | Died of fever en route to Jamaica | Linlithgowshire (1770–74) | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Sir Alexander Leith, 1st Baronet | 1741 | 3 October 1780 | Died in Jamaica commanding expedition against Nicaragua | Tregony (1774-June 1780) | ||
Major-General | William Phillips | 1731 | 1781 | Died of disease in Virginia during American War of Independence | Boroughbridge (1775–80) | ||
Rear-Admiral | Lord Robert Manners | 1758 | 1782 | Battle of the Saintes | Tory | Cambridgeshire (1780-death) | |
Lieutenant-GeneralRight Honourable | Sir Eyre Coote | 1726 | 1783 | Died of illness at Madras in command during Second Anglo-Mysore War | Leicester (1768–74), Poole (1774–80) | KB, Commander-in-Chief, India (1779-death); previously Member of Parliament of Ireland | |
Captain Right Honourable | Richard Barry, 7th Earl of Barrymore | 1769 | 1793 | Accidentally killed with own gun when escorting French prisoners of war to Dover during French Revolutionary Wars | Heytesbury (1791-death) | Irish peer, so could sit in the Commons. | |
Major-General | Thomas Dundas | 1750 | 1794 | Died of Yellow Fever after capture of Guadeloupe in French Revolutionary Wars | Orkney and Shetland (1771–80) | Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey 1793, Governor of Guadeloupe 1794 | |
Captain | The Honourable William Paget | 1769 | 1794 | Died at sea of reopened wound during French Revolutionary Wars | Whig | Anglesey (1790-death) | |
Brigadier-General | Stephens Howe | 1758 | 1796 | Died of Yellow Fever in Jamaica in French Revolutionary Wars | Great Yarmouth (1795-death) | ||
Major | Alexander Telfer Smollett | c. 1764 | 1799 | Killed at Battle of Alkmaar in French Revolutionary Wars | Dunbartonshire (1797-death) | ||
Lieutenant-General | Sir Ralph Abercromby | 1734 | 1801 | Died of wounds after Battle of Alexandria in French Revolutionary Wars | Clackmannanshire left Commons 1786 | KB Governor of Trinidad 1797 | |
Vice-Admiral | Lord Hugh Seymour | 1759 | 1801 | Died of yellow fever off Jamaica during French Revolutionary Wars. | Newport (Isle of Wight) (1784–86), Tregony (1788–90), Wendover (1790–96), Portsmouth (1796-death) | ||
Rear-Admiral | John Willett Payne | 1752 | 1803 | Died in Greenwich naval hospital of illness sustained at sea during French Revolutionary Wars | Huntingdon (1787–96) | ||
Captain | William Proby, Lord Proby | 1779 | 1804 | Died of yellow fever at Suriname during Napoleonic Wars | Whig | Buckingham (1802-death) | Son of Earl of Carysfort hence Lord Proby. |
Rear-Admiral | Sir Thomas Troubridge | c. 1758 | 1807 | Lost in sinking of HMS Blenheim in cyclone off Madagascar during Napoleonic War | Great Yarmouth left Commons 1806 | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Robert Honyman | c. 1781 | 1808 | Died of Yellow Fever in Jamaica during Napoleonic War | Orkney and Shetland (1806–07) | ||
Major-General | John Randall Mackenzie | c. 1763 | 1809 | Killed at Battle of Talavera during the Peninsular War | Tain Burghs (1806–08), Sutherland (1808-death) | Governor of Alderney 1806 | |
Lieutenant-General | Alexander Mackenzie-Fraser | 1758 | 1809 | Died in London of fever contracted in Walcheren Campaign | Cromartyshire (1802–06), Ross-shire (1806-death) | ||
Lieutenant-General | Sir John Moore | 1761 | 1809 | Fatally wounded at the Battle of Corunna during the Peninsular War | Tory | Lanark Burghs (1784–1790) | KB |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Michael Symes | 1761 | 1809 | Died on homeward voyage after Battle of Corunna | Carlow Borough (1806), Heytesbury (1807) | FRS | |
Major-General | Robert Craufurd | 1764 | 1812 | Mortally wounded at the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo and died four days later | Tory | East Retford (1802–1806) | |
Major | Edward Charles Cocks | 1786 | 1812 | Killed at Siege of Burgos in Peninsular War | Reigate (1806-death) | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Cecil Bisshopp | 1783 | 1813 | Died of wounds received in Raid on Black Rock during Anglo-American War | Newport (Isle of Wight) (1811–12) | ||
Vice-Admiral | Sir Samuel Hood, 1st Baronet | 1762 | 1814 | Died at Madras in command of East Indies Station during Napoleonic War | Westminster (1806–07), Bridport (1807–12) | KB | |
Captain | Sir Peter Parker, 2nd Baronet | 1785 | 1814 | Killed at Battle of Caulk's Field during Anglo-American War | Tory | Wexford Borough (1810–11) | |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Sir Henry Sullivan, 2nd Baronet | 1785 | 1814 | Killed at Battle of Toulouse | Tory | Lincoln (1812-death) | |
Lieutenant-General | Sir Thomas Picton | 1758 | 1815 | Killed at the Battle of Waterloo | Pembroke (1813-death) | GCB Governor of Trinidad (1797–1802) Governor of Tobago (1803) | |
Major-General | The Hon. Sir William Ponsonby | 1772 | 1815 | Killed at the Battle of Waterloo | Tory | Londonderry (1812–death) | KCB |
Admiral of the Fleet | Sir Henry Byam Martin | 1773 | 1854 | Died in command at Portsmouth during Crimean War | Plymouth (1818–32) | GCB; Comptroller of the Navy (1816–31) | |
Colonel | The Honourable Robert Edward Boyle | 1809 | 1854 | Died at Varna of sickness during Crimean War | Liberal | Frome (1847-death) | Son of 8th Earl of Cork, hence Honourable |
Lieutenant-Colonel | Lauderdale Maule | 1807 | 1854 | Died at Constantinople of cholera contracted in Crimean War | Forfarshire (1852-death) | ||
Lieutenant-Colonel | Edward William Pakenham | 1819 | 1854 | Killed Battle of Inkerman in Crimean War | Conservative | Antrim (1852-death) | |
Field-Marshal | The Hon FitzRoy Somerset, later 1st Baron Raglan | 1788 | 1855 | Died of dysentery during the Crimean War | Tory | Truro left Commons 1829 | PC GCB |
Major-General | James Bucknall Bucknall Estcourt | 1803 | 1855 | Died of cholera in the Crimea | Devizes (1848–52) | ||
Major-General | The Honourable George Anson | 1797 | 1857 | Died of cholera during Siege of Delhi | Conservative | Great Yarmouth (1818–35), Stoke-on-Trent (1836–37), Staffordshire South (left Commons 1853) | Son of Viscount Anson hence 'Honourable: CB, Commander-in-Chief, India (1856-death) |
Lieutenant-General | Sir Henry Havelock-Allan, 1st Baronet | 1830 | 1897 | Killed at Khyber Pass, Afghanistan | Liberal Unionist | Sunderland (1874–81), South East Durham (1885–92 and 1895–death) | VC GCB DL |
First World War
Died after end of hostilities but listed as First World War casualty by Commonwealth War Graves Commission:[35]
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Mark Sykes, 6th Baronet (5th Battalion The Yorkshire Regiment); born 1879: died 1919 of Spanish influenza at Paris while attending peace negotiations. MP (Conservative Party) for Hull Central (1911-death).
Inter-World Wars
Rank in Military | Name | Born | Killed/Died | Where/How | Political Party | MP's Seat | Honours |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General | Michael Collins | 1890 | 1922 | Killed in ambush of convoy by IRA opponents during Irish Civil War | Sinn Fein | Cork South (1918–21) (but did not sit) | Commander-in-Chief, Irish National Army; Chairman of Provisional Government (January 1922-death) and Minister of Finance (1919-death) Irish Free State; Teachta Dala 1921-death |
Second World War
Died after end of hostilities but listed as Second World Casualty by Commonwealth War Graves Commission:[37]
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger Keyes, 1st Baronet, later 1st Baron Keyes of Zeebrugge (Royal Navy); born 1872; died 1945 of effects of smoke inhalation sustained in a Japanese aircraft attack when visiting USS Appalachian during a government goodwill tour over 1944–45. MP (Conservative Party) for Portsmouth North (1934–43). Honours: GCB KCVO CMG DSO
Members of Parliament who died as wartime civilian casualties
Title | Name known by while in Commons | Born | Killed/Died | When/How | Political Party | MP's Seat | Honours |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mr | Matthew Wren | 1629 | 1672 | Died at Greenwich from wounds sustained as accompanying Secretary to the Duke of York at Solebay during Third Anglo-Dutch War | Royalist | Mitchell (1661-death) | FRS, Secretary to the Duke of York (1667-death) |
The Hon | Coulson Wallop | 1774 | 1807 | Died in enemy captivity at Verdun during Napoleonic War | Whig | Andover (1796–1802) | Son of Earl of Portsmouth, hence 'Honourable' |
Mr | Alfred Baldwin Raper | 1889 | 1941 | Drowned when SS Nerissa was torpedoed in Second World War | Conservative Party | Islington East (1918–22) | |
Rt Hon The Earl of Kimberley | John Wodehouse, Lord Wodehouse | 1883 | 1941 | Killed in air raid on London, Second World War | Liberal Party | Mid Norfolk (1906–10) | CBE MC |
Sir | Percy Alden | 1865 | 1944 | Killed by German V1 flying bomb attack on London, Second World War | Liberal, after 1918 Labour | Tottenham (1906–18), Tottenham South (1923–24) |
Members of Parliament who have been accidentally killed
Title/Rank | Name known by while in Commons | Born | Killed | Political Party | MP's Seat | Offices Held | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sir | Ralph Carminowe | before 1339 | 1386 (pulled over cliff by hounds when hunting) | Cornwall (1383, 1384, and 1386 but died before taking seat) | High Sheriff of Cornwall 1378 | ||
Sir | Thomas Rempston | 1406 (drowned in River Thames near London Bridge) | Nottinghamshire (1381–86, 1393–94, 1395–99) | KG PC; Sheriff of Nottinghamshire 1393, Constable of the Tower 1399-death | |||
Mr | Edward Burnebury | 1432 (drowned in well) | Launceston (1410–11, 1413, 1414, 1417, 1419, 1422) | Coroner of Cornwall 1423 | |||
Mr | Francis Yaxley | 1565 (lost in shipwreck in North Sea) | Stamford (1555–58), Saltash (1558) | ||||
Sir | Humphrey Gilbert | c. 1539 | 1583 (lost in storm on HMS Squirrel returning from Newfoundland) | Plymouth (1571–72), Queenborough (1580-death) | |||
Sir | John Glanville | 1542 | 1600 (fall from horse while travelling on judicial circuit) | Launceston (1584–85), Tavistock (1586–87), St Germans (1593) | Recorder of Launceston 1590, Justice of the Common Pleas 1598-death. | ||
Mr | Thomas Warre | c. 1576 | 1617 (drowned in River Severn) | Bridgwater (1614) | Recorder of Bridgwater 1610-death | ||
Sir | Robert Knollys | 1547 | 1619 (after fall) | Reading (1572–86), Breconshire (1589–1611) | KB | ||
Mr | John Whitson | c. 1558 | 1629 (fall from horse) | Bristol (1605–21 and 1625–28) | High Sheriff of Bristol 1589, Mayor of Bristol 1616 | ||
Sir | Miles Hobart | 1595 | 1632 (carriage accident) | Marlow 1628–29 | |||
Sir | Walter Long | c. 1594 | 1637 (fall from horse when drunk)[38] | Westbury (1621–24 and 1625–28) | |||
Mr | John Hoskins | 1566 | 1638 (crushed toe which caused gangrene)[39] | Hereford (1604, 1614 and 1628) | Judge of South Wales circuit (1623-death) | ||
Sir | Thomas Lucy | 1583/86 | 8 December 1640 (fall from horse) | Warwickshire (1614–28 and 1640), Warwick (November 1640-death) | |||
Rt Hon | Lord Fairfax of Cameron (Ferdinando Fairfax to 1640) | 1584 | 1648 (accident unspecified causing gangrene in leg) | Roundhead | Boroughbridge (1614–29, 1640), Yorkshire (1640-death) | Scottish peer so able to sit in English parliament. Governor of Hull (1643–44), Governor of York (1644) | |
Sir | Richard Onslow | 1601 | 1664 (allegedly struck by lightning)[40] | Roundhead before 1660, Royalist since | Surrey (1628–29, 1640–48, 1654, 1656–57), Guildford (1660-death) | ||
Mr | Thomas Robinson | 1608 | 1665 (gored by pet bull) | Royalist | Helston (1660-death) | ||
Sir | Robert Brooke | 1637 | 1669 (drowned bathing in the Rhone in Avignon, France) | Aldeburgh (1660-death) | |||
Sir | Henry Marten | 1602 | 1680 (choked on supper in prison) | Roundhead | Berkshire (1640–43, 1646–53) | ||
Mr | Edmund Waring | c. 1620 | 1682 (drowned in pond after drinking)[41] | Roundhead | Bridgnorth (1656, 1658) | High Sheriff of Shropshire (1657–59), Governor of Shrewsbury (1659–60) | |
Most Honourable The Marquess of Worcester | Charles Somerset, styled Lord Herbert of Raglan to 1682, Marquess of Worcester from 1682 | 1660 | 1698 (coach accident) | Monmouth (1679–80). Gloucester (1681–85), Monmouthshire (1685–87 and 1689–95), Gloucestershire (1685–89) | Eldest son of Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester, hence titled Lord Herbert of Raglan, until 1682 when his father was created Duke of Beaufort, when the Marquessate of Worcester became courtesy title of eldest son. | ||
Sir John Aubrey, 2nd Baronet | c. 1650 | 1700 (fall from horse) | Brackley (1698-death) | High Sheriff of Glamorganshire 1685 | |||
Mr | Legh Banks | 1666 | 1703 (drowned crossing River Dee near Chester) | Newton (1695–98) | |||
Sir John Cordell, 3rd Baronet | 1677 | 1704 (fall from horse) | Sudbury (1701) | ||||
Mr | Irby Montagu | c. 1656 | 1704 (fall from horse riding in Enfield Chase) | Whig | Maldon (1695–1701) | ||
Sir | David Ramsay, 4th Baronet | After 1673 | 1710 (fall from horse) | Tory | Kincardineshire (1708-death) | Previously MP Parliament of Scotland | |
Mr | James Herbert | 1721 (drowned falling off footbridge into River Thames at Thame) | Tory | Queenborough (1710–13), Amersham (1714–15) and Oxfordshire (1715-death) | |||
Sir William Strickland, 3rd Baronet | 1665 | 1724 (fall from hunting horse) | Whig | Malton (1689–98, 1701–08, 1722-death), Yorkshire (1708–10), Old Sarum (1716–22) | |||
Sir | John Curzon, 3rd Baronet | 1672 | 1727 (fall from horse hunting) | Tory | Derbyshire (1701-death) | ||
Lord | William Powlett | 1666 | 1729 (fall from horse) | Whig | Winchester (1689–1710 and 1715-death), Lymington (1710–15) | Son of 1st Duke of Bolton, hence 'Lord'; Mayor of Lymington 1701–03, 1724, 1728; Recorder of Grimsby 1699-death | |
Mr | Exton Sayer | c. 1691 | 1731 (riding accident) | Whig | Helston (1726–27), Totnes (1727-death) | Judge Advocate, Court of Admiralty (1726-death) | |
Sir | Mr John Stapylton | c. 1683 | 1733 (fall from horse) | Boroughbridge (1705–08) | |||
Sir William Keyt, 3rd Baronet | 1688 | 1741 (house fire caused by himself when insane) | Tory | Warwick (1722–35) | |||
Sir | Erasmus Philipps | c. 1700 | 1743 (drowned in River Avon near Bath) | Haverfordwest (1726-death) | |||
Sir | Watkin Williams-Wynn, 3rd Baronet | 1692 | 1749 (fall from hunting horse) | Tory | Denbighshire (1716–41 and 1742-death), Montgomeryshire (1741–42) | ||
The Honourable | William Howard, Viscount Andover | 1714 | 1756 (fall from carriage) | Anti-Walpole Whig | Castle Rising (1737–47) | Son of Earl of Suffolk, hence Viscount Andover | |
Sir | John Lade, 1st Baronet | c. 1731 | 1759 (unsuccessful amputation after fall from hunting horse)[42] | Camelford (1755-death) | |||
Lieutenant-General | John Stanwix | 1690 | 1766 (lost in sinking of The Eagle crossing Irish Sea) | Whig | Carlisle (1741–42 and 1746–61), Appleby (1761-death) | Lieutenant-Governor Isle of Wight | |
Most Honourable | Francis Russell, Marquess of Tavistock | 1739 | 1767 (fall from hunting horse) | Whig | Bedfordshire (1761-to death) | Eldest son of John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford so titled Marquess of Tavistock. | |
Right Honourable The Lord Sandys | Mr Samuel Sandys | 1695 | 1770 (overturning of post-chaise) | Whig | Worcester (1718–43) | PC; Chancellor of the Exchequer (1742–43), Speaker of the House of Lords (1756) | |
Lord | William Manners | 1697 | 1772 (fall from horse) | Tory | Leicestershire (1719–34), Newark left Commons 1754 | ||
Mr | Francis Owen | 1745 | 16 November 1774 (collapse of bridge over which he was riding) | Helston (11 October 1774-death) | |||
Mr | Lauchlan Macleane | c. 1727 | 1778 (lost as passenger in foundering of HMS Swallow (1769) en route home from India) | Arundel (1768–71) | Governor of St Vincent (1766), Under Secretary of State (1766–68) | ||
Right Honourable The Earl Temple | Richard Grenville, Viscount Cobham | 1711 | 1779 (fall from phaeton) | Whig | Buckingham (1734–41 and 1747–52), Buckinghamshire (1741–47) | KG PC; First Lord of the Admiralty (1756–57), Lord Privy Seal (1757–61), Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (1758–63) | |
Captain | The Honourable Robert Boyle-Walsingham | 1736 | 1780 (lost in sinking of HMS Thunderer in hurricane off Jamaica) | Knaresborough (1758–60 and 1768-death), Fowey (1761–68) | Son of Earl of Shannon, hence 'Honourable'; FRS | ||
Mr | Henry Howorth | c. 1746 | 1783 (drowned in boating accident when yachting) | Abingdon (1782-death) | KC; Recorder of Abingdon 1780 | ||
Sir Herbert Mackworth, 1st Baronet | 1737 | 1791 (blood poisoning from pricked finger) | Cardiff (left Commons 1790) | ||||
Colonel | George Onslow | 1731 | 1792 (after carriage accident) | Tory | Guildford (1760–84) | ||
Lord | Richard Barry, 7th Earl of Barrymore | 1769 | 1793 (accidentally shot himself while escorting French prisoners of war) | Heytesbury (1791–death) | |||
The Hon | John Stuart, Lord Mount Stuart | 1767 | 1794 (after fall from horse) | Tory | Cardiff (1790-death) | Son of Marquess of Bute, hence Lord Mount Stuart; Lord Lieutenant of Glamorganshire (1793-death) | |
Mr | Thomas Whitmore | c. 1743 | 1795 (drowned in well in own garden)[43] | Tory | Bridgnorth (1771-death) | ||
The Hon | Thomas Francis Wenman | 1745 | 1796 (drowned in River Cherwell) | Westbury left Commons 1780 | |||
The Hon | James Bruce | 1769 | 1798 (drowned crossing River Don, South Yorkshire on horseback) | Marlborough (1796–97) | Son of 5th Earl of Elgin, hence 'Honourable' | ||
Mr | William Jolliffe | 1745 | 1802 (fall into home cellar) | Petersfield (1768-death) | Lord of Trade 1772–79 and of Admiralty 1783 | ||
Mr | John Bagwell | c. 1780 | 1806 (fall from horse) | Cashel (1801–02) | |||
Sir | Lionel Copley, 2nd Baronet | 1767 | 1806 (leg fracture from fall from ladder in home) | Whig | Tregony (1796–1802) | ||
Right Honourable The Marquess of Thomond | Rt Hon The Earl of Inchiquin | 1726 | 1808 (fall from horse) | Richmond, Yorkshire (1784–96), Liskeard (1796–1800) | Irish peer so could sit in English House of Commons. KP PC (Ire) | ||
The Hon | Philip Yorke, Viscount Royston | 1784 | 1808 (lost in sinking of Agatha of Lubeck off Memel) | Reigate (1806-death) | Son of Earl of Hardwicke hence Viscount Royston | ||
Mr | George Knapp | 1754 | 1809 (fall from gig) | Whig | Abingdon (1807-death) | Mayor of Abingdon 1792, 1797, 1799, 1807 | |
Mr | William Eden | 1782 | 1810 (found drowned in River Thames, London) | Woodstock (1806-death) | |||
General | Sir James Murray-Pulteney, 7th Baronet | c. 1755 | 1811 (mortally wounded by exploding gunpowder flask) | Tory | Weymouth and Melcombe Regis (1790-death) | PC, Secretary at War (1807–09) | |
Mr | Richard Fleming Worsley Holmes | 1792 | 1814 (drowned in capsize of rowing boat in River Hamble) | Tory | Newport (Isle of Wight) (1812-death) | ||
Mr | Ayscoghe Boucherett | 1755 | 1815 (carriage accident) | Great Grimsby (1796–1803) | High Sheriff of Lincolnshire 1796 | ||
Right Honourable The Earl of Buckinghamshire | Robert Hobart, Baron Hobart | 1760 | 1816 (fall from horse) | Tory | Bramber (1788–90), Lincoln (1790–96) | PC, also MP Parliament of Ireland; Governor of Madras 1793–97; Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 1801–04; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1805, 1812; Postmaster General 1806–07; President of the Board of Control 1812-death | |
Sir | Alexander Macdonald Lockhart, 1st Baronet | c. 1776 | 1816 (carriage accident) | Berwick-upon-Tweed (1807–12) | |||
Mr | Richard Meyler | 1791 | 1818 (fall from horse when hunting) | Winchester (1812-death) | |||
Right Honourable The Duke of Richmond and Gordon | Mr Charles Lennox | 1764 | 1819 (died of rabies from fox bite) | Conservative | Sussex (1790–1806) | PC KG Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1807–13), Lord Lieutenant of Sussex (1816-death), Governor General of British North America (1818-death) | |
Mr | William Shipley | 1778 | 1820 (accidentally shot when hunting) | Whig | St Mawes (1807 and 1812–13), Flint Boroughs (1807–12) | ||
Mr | John Attersoll | c. 1784 | 1822 (fall from horse) | Whig | Wootton Bassett (1812–13) | ||
Mr | William Shepherd Kinnersley | 1780 | 1823 (fall from horse) | Newcastle-under-Lyme (1818-death) | Mayor of Newcastle-under-Lyme 1810 | ||
Sir | John Stewart | c. 1758 | 1825 (carriage accident) | Tory | County Tyrone (1802–06 and 1812-death) | PC (Ire), KC (Ireland); Solicitor General of Ireland (1798–1800), Attorney General of Ireland (1800–03); former Member of Parliament of Ireland. | |
Mr | William Huskisson | 1770 | 1830 (killed by train) | Tory | Morpeth (1796–1802), Liskeard (1804–07), Harwich (1807–12), Chichester (1812–23), Liverpool (1823–death) | PC; President of the Board of Trade (1823–1827) Secretary of State for War (1827–1828) | |
Mr | John Pringle | 1796 | 1831 (thrown out of carriage) | Lanark Burghs (1819–20) | |||
Admiral | Sir Joseph Yorke | 1768 | 1831 (drowned in yacht capsize) | Reigate (1790–1806 and 1818-death), Saint Germans (1806–10), Sandwich (1812–18) | KCB | ||
Sir | James Mackintosh | 1765 | 1832 (effects of choking on chicken bone) | Whig | Nairn (1813–18), Knaresborough (1818-death) | ||
Right Honourable The Earl of Darnley | Edward Bligh, Lord Clifton | 1795 | 1835 (tetanus from axe injury when felling timber) | Whig | Canterbury (1818–30) | Son of 4th Earl of Darnley, hence Lord Clifton; FRS, Lord Lieutenant of County Meath (1831-death) | |
Right Honourable The Baron Suffield | The Honourable Edward Harbord | 1781 | 1835 (fall from horse) | Radical | Great Yarmouth (1806–12), Shaftesbury (1820–21) | ||
Sir | Mr Thomas Tyrwhitt-Jones, later 2nd Baronet | 1793 | 1839 (accidentally shot on hunt)[44] | Tory | Bridgnorth (1818–20) | ||
Right Honourable | Thomas Courtenay | 1782 | 1841 (drowned while sea bathing) | Tory | Totnes (1811–32) | PC; Vice-President of the Board of Trade 1828–30 | |
Right Honourable The Baron Sydenham | Mr Charles Thomson | 1799 | 1841 (fall from horse) | Whig | Dover (1826–32), Manchester (1832–39) | PC GCB; President of the Board of Trade (1834, 1835–39), Governor-General of Canada (1839-death) | |
Mr | James Barlow-Hoy | c. 1794 | 1843 (died of tetanus after accidentally shooting himself in Pyrenees) | Conservative | Southampton (1830–31, 1832–33, 1835–37) | ||
Mr | Paulet St John-Mildmay | 1791 | 1845 (died of tetanus after breaking leg in altercation with horse) | Liberal | Winchester (1818–34 and 1837–41) | ||
Right HonourableThe Earl of Powis | Edward, Viscount Clive | 1785 | 1848 (accidentally shot on hunt) | Conservative | Ludlow left Commons 1839 | KG, Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire (1830-death) | |
Right Honourable Sir | Sir Robert Peel, Baronet | 1788 | 1850 (fall from horse) | Conservative | Cashel (1809–12), Chippenham (1812–17), Oxford University (1817–29), Westbury (1829–30), Tamworth (1830-death) | Prime Minister (1834–35 and 1841–46), Leader of the Conservative Party (1834–46),
Chancellor of the Exchequer (1834–35), Home Secretary (1822–27 and 1828–30), Chief Secretary for Ireland (1812–17) | |
Mr | Thomas Plumer Halsey | 1815 | 1854 (drowned in sinking of Ercolano in Gulf of Genoa | Hertfordshire (1846-death) | |||
Right Honourable The Earl of Harewood | The Honourable Henry Lascelles | 1797 | 1857 (hunting accident) | Tory | Northallerton (1826–31) | Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire West Riding (1846-death) | |
Mr | Henry Porcher | 1795 | 1857 (fall from horse) | Tory | Clitheroe (1822–26) | Director of the Bank of England 1825–42 | |
Right Honourable The Marquess of Queensberry | Viscount Drumlanrig | 1818 | 1858 (explosion of shotgun) | Conservative | Dumfriesshire left Commons 1857 | PC, Lord Lieutenant of Dumfriesshire (1850-death) | |
Mr | Herbert Ingram | 1811 | 1860 (drowned in sinking of the Lady Elgin after collision in Lake Michigan). | Liberal | Boston (1856-death) | ||
Mr | Robert Aglionby Slaney | 1791 | 1862 (effects of fall at London International Exhibition) | Liberal, ex Whig | Shrewsbury (1826–35, 1837–41, 1847–51, 1857-death) | High Sheriff of Shropshire 1854 | |
Dr | Thomas Wakley | 1795 | 1862 (after fall while ill with TB) | Liberal | Finsbury (1835–52) | ||
The Hon | George Hay, Earl of Gifford | 1822 | 1862 (injured by falling tree)[45] | Liberal | Totnes (1855-death) | Son of George Hay, 8th Marquess of Tweeddale, hence Earl of Gifford | |
Sir | Cresswell Cresswell | 1794 | 1863 (fall from horse) | Conservative | Liverpool (1837–42) | PC KC | |
Lieutenant-General | William Augustus Johnson | 1777 | 1863 (following fall at home) | Conservative | Boston (1821–26), Oldham (1837–47) | High Sheriff of Lincolnshire 1830 | |
Sir | Culling Eardley Smith, later Eardley, 3rd Baronet | 1805 | 1863 (adverse reaction to smallpox vaccination | Whig | Pontefract (1830–31) | High Sheriff of Lincolnshire 1858 | |
The Most Honourable The Marquess Townshend | Mr John Townshend | 1798 | 1863 (fall from horse) | Liberal | Tamworth (1847–55) | ||
Sir | Mr Alexander Bannerman | 1788 | 1864 (Downstairs fall at home when ill) | Whig | Aberdeen (1832–47) | Provost of Aberdeen 1837, Governor of the Bahamas (1854–57), Governor of Newfoundland (1857–64) | |
Right Honourable | John Cuffe, 3rd Earl of Desart | 1818 | 1865 (fall during attack of paralysis) | Conservative | Ipswich (1842) | Irish peer so could sit in the Commons; Under Secretary for War and the Colonies (1852) | |
Mr | William Williams | 1788 | 1865 (fall from horse) | Radical | Coventry (1835–47), Lambeth (1850-death) | ||
Lieutenant-General The Earl of Cardigan | James, Lord Brudenell | 1797 | 1868 (fall from horse) | Conservative | Marlborough (1818–29), Fowey (1830–32), North Northamptonshire left Commons 1837 | KCB | |
Rt Hon The Lord Farnham | Hon Henry Maxwell | 1799 | 1868 (petroleum fire in Abergele rail disaster) | Conservative | County Cavan left Commons 1838 | KP | |
Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, 2nd Baronet | 1799 | 1869 (hunting accident) | Whig to 1836, Conservative 1836–57, Liberal from 1857 | Yorkshire (1830–32), Scarborough (1837–41, 1841-death) | |||
Sir | George Burrard, 4th Baronet | 1805 | 1870 (drowned bathing at Lyme Regis) | Lymington (1828–32) | |||
Sir | James Colquhoun, 4th Baronet | 1804 | 1873 (drowned in Loch Lomond)[46] | Dunbartonshire (1837–41) | Lord Lieutenant of Dunbartonshire (1837) | ||
Right Honourable the Lord Marjoribanks | Mr David Robertson | 1797 | 1873 (knocked down by horse drawn cab) | Liberal | Berwickshire (1859–73)[47] | Lord Lieutenant of Berwickshire (1860-death) | |
Mr | John Cunliffe Pickersgill-Cunliffe | 1819 | 1873 (struck by train) | Conservative | Bewdley (March–April 1869) | ||
Mr | John Laird | 1805 | 1874 (fall from horse) | Conservative | Birkenhead (1861-death) | ||
The Honourable | Reginald Greville-Nugent | 1848 | 1878 (fall off horse in steeplechase) | Liberal | Longford (1869–70) | Son of 1st Baron Greville, hence Honourable | |
Mr | Richard Wingfield-Baker | 1802 | 1880 (hunting accident) | Liberal | South Essex (1857–59, 1868–74) | ||
Sir | William Payne-Gallwey | 1807 | 1881 (fall on turnip while shooting) | Conservative | Thirsk left Commons 1880 | ||
The Hon | Gilbert Leigh | 1851 | 1884 (hunting accident) | Liberal | Warwickshire South (1880-death) | Son of 2nd Baron Leigh, hence Honourable | |
The Hon | Guy Cuthbert Dawnay | 1848 | 1889 (killed by buffalo in East Africa) | Conservative | North Riding of Yorkshire (1882–85) | Son of 7th Viscount Downe so titled Honourable. | |
The Hon | John Wentworth-Fitzwilliam | 1852 | 1889 (thrown off horse) | Liberal | Peterborough (1878-death) | ||
Mr | William Beckett-Denison | 1826 | 1890 (fell under train) | Conservative | East Retford (1876–80), Bassetlaw (1885-death) | ||
Sir | Edward Grogan, 1st Baronet | 1802 | 1891 (fall from house window) | Irish Conservative Party | Dublin City (1845–65) | ||
Rt Hon The Viscount Combermere | The Hon Wellington Stapleton-Cotton | 1818 | 1891 (run over by horsedrawn cab) | Conservative | Carrickfergus left Commons 1847 | ||
Mr | Alexander Brogden | 1825 | 1892 (burns from fall into hearth) | Liberal | Wednesbury (1868–85) | ||
Mr | William McCullagh Torrens | 1813 | 1894 (knocked down by hansom cab) | Liberal | Dundalk (1848–52), Finsbury (1865–85) | ||
Mr | Charles Joseph Fay | 1842 | 1895 (drowned in the River Annalee) | Home Rule League | Cavan (1874–1885) | ||
Mr | Henry Byron Reed | 1855 | 1896 (killed in overturned pony trap) | Conservative | Bradford East (1886–92 and 1895-death) | ||
Mr | Garrett Byrne | 1829 | 1897 (run over by Hackney carriage) | Irish Parliamentary Party | Wexford County (1880–83), West Wicklow (1885–92) | ||
Rt Hon The Lord Herschell | Mr Farrer Herschell | 1837 | 1899 (fall in street in Washington D.C.) | Liberal | City of Durham (1874–85) | GCB PC QC FRS; Solicitor General for England and Wales (1880–85), Lord Chancellor (1886 and 1892–95) | |
Mr | John Edmund Severne | 1826 | 1899 (knocked down by van horse) | Conservative | Ludlow (1865–68) and South Shropshire left Commons 1885 | ||
Rt Hon | Mr William Wither Beach | 1826 | 1901 (run over by cab) | Conservative | North Hampshire (1857–85), Andover (1885-death) | PC | |
Most Honourable The Marquess of Salisbury | Robert Cecil, Viscount Cranborne | 1830 | 1903 (fall from chair) | Conservative | Stamford (1853–68) | KG GCVO PC FRS; Secretary of State for India (1866–67 & 1874–78), Foreign Secretary (1885–86, 1887–92 & 1895–1900), Prime Minister (1885–86, 1886–92 & 1895–1902) | |
Mr | Alexander William Black | 1859 | 1906 (Elliot Junction rail accident) | Liberal | Banffshire (1900-death) | ||
Rt Hon | Sir James Fergusson, 6th Baronet | 1832 | 1907 (killed in earthquake in Jamaica) | Conservative | Ayrshire (1854–57, 1859–68), Manchester North East left Commons 1906 | PC GCSI Under-Secretary of State for India (1866–67), Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department (1867–68), Governor of South Australia (1868–73), Governor of New Zealand (1873–74), Governor of Bombay (1880–85), Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1886–91), Postmaster-General (1891–92) | |
Mr | James Tomkinson | 1840 | 1910 (fall from horse in House of Commons Steeplechase) | Liberal | Crewe (1900-death) | PC | |
Mr | Edward Brodie Hoare | 1841 | 1911 (car crash) | Conservative | Hampstead left Commons 1902 | ||
Sir | Henry Seton-Karr | 1853 | 1914 (drowned in sinking of Empress of Ireland, Canada) | Conservative | St Helens left Commons 1906 | CMG | |
Mr | Percy Illingworth | 1869 | 1915 (food poisoning by bad oyster) | Liberal | Shipley (1906-death) | Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury and Liberal Chief Whip 1912-death | |
Lieutenant | The Hon Francis McLaren | 1886 | 1917 (fatally injured in Royal Flying Corps training flight in Scotland) | Liberal | Spalding (1910-death) | ||
Major | Francis Bennett-Goldney | 1865 | 1918 (car accident in France) | Independent Unionist | Canterbury (1910-death) | Athlone Pursuivant of the Order of St Patrick | |
Sir | Alfred Bird | 1849 | 1922 (run over by motor car) | Conservative | Wolverhampton West (1910-death) | ||
Mr | Frank Lawless | 1870 | 1922 (injured in upset pony trap) | Sinn Féin | Dublin North (1918-death but did not sit) | Later Irish Teachta Dála | |
Right Honourable Baron Cozens-Hardy | William Cozens-Hardy | 1869 | 1924 (killed in car accident in Germany) | Liberal Party | South Norfolk (1918–20) | ||
Right Honourable Commodore | Douglas King | 1877 | 1930 (drowned in yacht capsize off Cornwall). | Conservative | North Norfolk (1918–22), Paddington South (1922-death) | CB OBE DSO VD PC Financial Secretary to the War Office (1924–28), Secretary for Mines (1928–29) | |
Mr | John Joseph Clancy | c. 1891/92 | 1932 (drowned in River Shannon at Limerick) | Sinn Féin | Sligo North (1918–22 but did not sit) | Later Irish Teachta Dála | |
Viscount | Antony Bulwer-Lytton, Viscount Knebworth | 1903 | 1933 (plane crash while rehearsing for air show while serving in Auxiliary Air Force) | Conservative | Hitchin (1931–death) | ||
Sir | Sir Frank Meyer | 1886 | 1935 (hunting accident) | Conservative | Great Yarmouth (1924–29) | ||
Sir | Mr Arthur Crosfield | 1865 | 1938 (fell out of railway carriage) | Liberal | Warrington (1906–10) | GBE | |
Mr | Anthony Crossley | 1903 | 1939 (plane crash) | Conservative | Stretford (1935–death) | ||
Right Honourable The Lord Tweedsmuir | Mr John Buchan | 1875 | 1940 (head injury in fall during stroke) | Unionist Party (Scotland) | Combined Scottish Universities left Commons 1935 | PC GCMG GCVO CH Governor-General of Canada (1935-death) | |
Right Honourable Mr | Herbert Fisher | 1865 | 1940 (knocked down by lorry) | Liberal | Sheffield Hallam (1916–18), Combined English Universities (1918–26) | OM PC FRS; President of the Board of Education (1916–22) | |
Lieutenant | Peter Eckersley | 1904 | 1940 (killed in plane crash in England while serving with Fleet Air Arm) | Conservative | Manchester Exchange (1935-death) | ||
Mr | Luke Thompson | 1867 | 1941 (killed by winch) | Conservative | Sunderland (1931–1935) | ||
Sir | Harold Hales | 1868 | 1942 (drowned in River Thames) | Conservative | Hanley (1931–35) | ||
Mr | John Jagger | 1872 | 1942 (motorcycle accident) | Labour | Manchester Clayton (1935–death) | ||
Mr | Emil Pickering | 1882 | 1942 (thrown from horse) | Conservative | Dewsbury (1918–22) | DSO TD | |
Brigadier | John Whiteley | 1898 | 1943 (killed in aircraft crash in Gibraltar)[48] | Conservative | Buckingham (1937-death) | OBE | |
Colonel | Victor Cazalet | 1896 | 1943 (killed in same aircraft crash as Whiteley)[48] | Conservative | Chippenham (1924-death) | MC | |
Lieut-Col | Frank Heilgers | 1892 | 1944 (train crash) | Conservative | Bury St Edmunds (1931–death) | ||
Mr | Alfred Dobbs | 1882 | 1945 (car accident - killed day after election) | Labour | Smethwick (1945-death) | Chairman of Labour Party (1943–1943) | |
Lord | Cecil Manners | 1868 | 1945 (hit by train) | Conservative | Melton left Commons 1906 | Son of Duke of Rutland, hence 'Lord' | |
Mr | Francis Beattie | 1885 | 1945 (Car accident) | Unionist Party (Scotland) | Glasgow Cathcart (1942–death) | ||
Mr | James Walker | 1883 | 1945 (road accident) | Labour | Motherwell (1935–death) | ||
Sir | William Allen | 1866 | 1947 (Hit by motor van) | Ulster Unionist Party | North Armagh (1917–22), Armagh (1922–death) | KBE DSO | |
Doctor | Richard Clitherow | 1902 | 1947 (accidental barbiturate overdose) | Labour | Liverpool Edge Hill (1945-death) | ||
Rt Hon Sir | Stanley Jackson | 1870 | 1947 (effects of road accident) | Conservative | Howdenshire (1915–26) | PC; GCSI GCIE; Financial Secretary to the War Office 1922–23, Governor of Bengal, 1927–32 | |
Mr | Evan Durbin | 1906 | 1948 (drowned) | Labour | Edmonton (1945–death) | Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Works, 1947–1948 | |
Rt Hon | Joseph Westwood | 1884 | 1948 (car accident) | Labour | Stirling and Falkirk (1935–death) | Secretary of State for Scotland 1945–1947 | |
Sir | Norman Lamont, 2nd Baronet | 1869 | 1949 (gored by bull kept on Trinidad estate) | Liberal | Buteshire (1905–10) | ||
Reverend | James Godfrey MacManaway | 1898 | 1951 (fall) | Ulster Unionist | Belfast West (February–October 1950) | MBE | |
Mr | Vyvyan Adams | 1900 | 1951 (drowned swimming on Cornwall coast) | Conservative | Leeds West left Commons 1945 | ||
Mr | John Emlyn-Jones | 1889 | 1952 (plane crash) | Liberal | Dorset North (1922–24) | ||
Mr | Thomas Cook | 1908 | 1952 (car crash) | Labour | Dundee (1945–50), Dundee East (1950-death) | ||
Mr | Hilaire Belloc | 1870 | 1953 (burns after falling into fireplace) | Liberal | Salford South (1910–18) | ||
Lieutenant-General | Sir Noel Mason-MacFarlane | 1889 | 1953 (effects of fall) | Labour | Paddington North (1945–46) | KCB DSO MC & 2 Bars | |
Sir | Walter Smiles | 1883 | 1953 (lost in sinking of MV Princess Victoria off Larne Lough in the Great Storm) | Conservative 1931–45, Ulster Unionist from 1945 | Blackburn (1931–45), County Down (1945–50), North Down (1950-death) | CIE DSO | |
Mr | John Peto | 1900 | 1954 (accidentally shot himself) | Conservative | Birmingham King's Norton (1941–45) | ||
Sir | Mr Leslie Orme Wilson | 1876 | 1955 (hit by truck) | Conservative | Reading (1913–22), Portsmouth South left Commons 1923 | GCSI GCMG GCIE PC Parliamentary Secretary Ministry of Shipping (1919–21), Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (1921–22, 1922–23), Governor of Bombay (1923–28), Governor of Queensland (1932–46) | |
Sir | Richard Stokes | 1897 | 1957 (heart attack following car overturn) | Labour | Ipswich (1938-death) | MC and bar; Minister of Materials 1951 | |
Mr | Sidney Dye | 1900 | 1958 (car crash) | Labour | South West Norfolk (1945–51 and 1955-death) | ||
Mr | Wilfred Fienburgh | 1919 | 1958 (car crash) | Labour | Islington North (1951-death) | MBE | |
Mr | Richard Fort | 1907 | 1959 (car accident) | Conservative | Clitheroe (1950-death) | ||
Sir | Peter Macdonald | 1895 | 1961 (following riding accident) | Conservative | Isle of Wight (1924–59) | KBE | |
Mr | John Henry (Jack) Jones | 1894 | 1962 (road accident) | Labour | Bolton (1945–50), Rotherham (1950-death) | ||
Lord | Malcolm Douglas-Hamilton | 1909 | 1964 (aircraft crash operating chartered flight in Cameroon) | Unionist | Inverness (1950–54) | Son of 13th Duke of Hamilton, hence 'Lord': OBE DFC | |
Mr | David Webster | 1923 | 1969 (skiing accident in Austria) | Conservative | Weston-Super-Mare (1958-death) | ||
Rt Hon The Baron Reith | Sir John Reith | 1889 | 1971 (following fall) | National Government | Southampton (February–November 1940) | KT GCVO GBE CB TD PC Director General of the BBC 1927–38, Minister of Information and Minister of Transport 1940, First Commissioner of Works 1940–42 | |
Rt Hon The Lord Grant | Mr William Grant | 1909 | 1972 (road accident) | Conservative | Glasgow Woodside left Commons 1962 | PC Solicitor General for Scotland (1955–60), Lord Advocate (1960–62) | |
Sir | Dingle Foot | 1905 | 1978 (choked on chicken bone in sandwich) | Liberal to 1956, then Labour | Dundee (1931–45), Ipswich (1957–70) | PC QC | |
Mr | Thomas Henry Swain | 1911 | 1979 (road accident) | Labour | Chesterfield (1959-death) | ||
Mr | Thomas McMillan | 1919 | 1980 (fall from bus) | Labour | Glasgow Central (1966-death) | ||
Mr | Keith Wickenden | 1932 | July 1983 (killed in air crash) | Conservative | Dorking (1979-June 1983) | ||
Rt Hon Viscount Boyd of Merton | Alan Lennox-Boyd | 1903 | 1983 (knocked down by car) | Conservative | Mid-Bedfordshire left Commons 1959 | PC CH, Minister of Transport 1952–54, Colonial Secretary 1954–59 | |
Rt Hon The Lord Maelor | Thomas William Jones | 1898 | 1984 (house fire) | Labour | Meirionnydd left Commons 1966 | ||
Rt Hon Baron Harlech | The Hon David Ormsby-Gore | 1918 | 1985 (car crash) | Conservative | Oswestry left Commons 1961 | PC KCMG, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1956–57), Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (1957–61), British Ambassador to the United States (1961–65) | |
Mr | David Penhaligon | 1944 | 1986 (car accident) | Liberal | Truro (1974-death) | President of Liberal Party, 1985-death | |
Mr | Robert Maxwell | 1923 | 1991 (drowned falling off yacht off Canary Islands) | Labour | Buckingham (1964–70) | MC | |
Mr | Stephen Milligan | 1948 | 1994 (autoerotic asphyxiation) | Conservative | Eastleigh (1992-death) | ||
Mr | Bob Cryer | 1934 | 1994 (car accident) | Labour | Bradford South (1987-death) | ||
Mr | Gordon Matthews | 1908 | 2000 (following fall) | Conservative | Meriden (1959–64) | CBE | |
Mr | Michael Colvin | 1932 | 2000 (house fire) | Conservative | Bristol North West (1979–83), Romsey and Waterside (1983–97), Romsey (1997-death) | ||
Rt Hon Mr | Donald Dewar | 1937 | 2000 (following fall) | Labour | Aberdeen South (1966–70), Glasgow Garscadden (1978–97), Glasgow Anniesland (1997-death) | Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland (1983–92), Shadow Secretary of State for Social Security (1992–95), Opposition Chief Whip (1995–97), Secretary of State for Scotland (1997–99), inaugural First Minister of Scotland (1999-death) | |
Rt Hon The Lord Merlyn-Rees | Mr Merlyn Rees | 1920 | 2006 (effects of falls) | Labour | Leeds South (1963–83), Morley & Leeds South left Commons 1992 | PC, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1974–76), Home Secretary (1976–79), Shadow Home Secretary (1979–80), Shadow Secretary of State for Energy (1980–82) | |
Mr | James Dobbin | 1937 | 2014 (choked through alcohol poisoning after meal) | Labour Co-operative | Heywood and Middleton (1997-death) |
Members of Parliament who have been killed in a duel
Title/Rank | Name known by while in Commons | Born | Killed | Political Party | MP's Seat | Offices Held, Honours |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sir | Sir William Drury | 1550 | 1590 | Suffolk (1584) | Governor of Bergen-op-Zoom (1588) | |
Sir | Sir Matthew Browne | 1553 | 1603 | Gatton (1601–death) | ||
Sir | Sir John Townsend | 1564 | 1603 | Orford (1601–death) | ||
Mr | George Wharton | 1583 | 1609 | Westmorland (1601–1604) | ||
Mr | Peter Legh | c. 1622/23 | 1642 | Newton (1640–death) | ||
Mr | Charles Price | 1645 | Royalist | Radnor (1621–1629) Radnorshire (1640–1642) |
||
Sir | Henry Belasyse | c. 1639 | 1667 | Royalist | Grimsby (1666-death) | KB |
Mr | Walter Norbonne | 1655 | 1684 | Calne (1679, 1681–1684) | ||
Mr | Sharington Talbot | 1656 | 1685 | Chippenham (March 1685-death) | ||
Sir | Bourchier Wrey, 4th Baronet | 1653 | 1696 | Liskeard (1678–79 and 1689-death), Devon (1685–87) | ||
Sir | Henry Hobart, 4th Baronet | c. 1657 | 1698 | Whig | King's Lynn (1681), Beeralston (1694–95), Norfolk (1689–90 and 1695–death) | Vice-admiral of Norfolk (1691–after 1696) |
Sir | John Hanmer, 3rd Baronet | 1701 | Flint (1685–1690) | |||
Mr | Thomas Dodson | c. 1666 | 1707 | Tory | Liskeard (1701-death) | |
Mr | Owen Buckingham | 1674 | 1720 | Whig | Reading (1708–13, 1716-death) | |
Sir | Cholmeley Dering, 4th Baronet | 1679 | 1711 | Tory | Kent (1705-death) | |
Mr | Charles Aldworth | 1677 | 1714 | Tory | New Windsor (1712-death) | |
Mr | George Lockhart | 1673 | 1731 | Tory | Wigtown Burghs (May–December 1708) | |
Mr | John Colclough | 1767 | 1807 | County Wexford (1806–07)[49] | ||
Sir | Alexander Boswell, 1st Baronet | 1775 | 1822 | Tory | Plympton Erle (1816–21) |
Members of Parliament who have been murdered
Members of Parliament who have committed suicide
Members of Parliament who have disappeared
Title/Rank | Name known by while in Commons | Born | Disappeared | Political Party | MP's Seat | Offices Held | Honours |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mr | George Robinson | before 1727 | 1732[60] | Great Marlow (1731–32) | |||
Sir | Orlando Bridgeman, 2nd Baronet | 1678 | 1738 (about 5 months[61]) - died 1746 | Whig | Dunwich (1734–38) | Commissioner of the Board of Trade, Governor of Barbados (1737–38) | |
Mr | Henry Vansittart | 1732 | 1769[62] | Reading (1768-death) | Governor of Bengal (1759–64) | ||
Sir | Montagu Chapman, 3rd Baronet | 1808 | 1852 | Whig Party | Westmeath (1832–41) | High Sheriff of Westmeath 1844 | |
Mr | Walter Powell | 1842 | 1881 | Conservative Party | Malmesbury (1868–death) | ||
Mr | Victor Grayson | 1881 | 1920 | Independent Labour | Colne Valley (1907–1910) | ||
Mr | Henry Newton Knights | 1872 | 1921 (some 2 weeks[63]) - died 1959 | Conservative Party | Camberwell North (1918–21) | Mayor of Camberwell 1913, Sheriff of the City of London 1920 | MBE |
Mr | John Stonehouse | 1925 | 1974 (34 days) - died 1988 | Labour Party | Walsall North (1974–1976) | Postmaster-General (1968–1969) |
Members of Parliament who were executed, died in prison or escaped justice
Title/Rank | Name | Born | Executed/Died | Crime accused of | MP's Seat | Offices Held, Honours/Political Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sir | Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle | c. 1270 | 1323 (Hanged, drawn and quartered) | High Treason in making treaty with Scotland | Cumberland (1312) | Sheriff of Cumberland 1311 and 1319, Lord Warden of the West Marches 1322 | |
Adam de Peshall | c. 1300 | 1346 (Killed resisting arrest, having escaped from prison in Stafford)[64] | Cause of imprisonment unspecified | Staffordshire 1341 | Sheriff of Shropshire and Staffordshire 1341 | ||
Sir | James Berners | 1361 | 1388 (Beheaded) | Put to death by Merciless Parliament for 'exploiting' Richard II | Surrey (1386) | ||
Sir | Nicholas Brembre | 1388 (Hanged) | High Treason, corruption and executions without trial | City of London (1383) | Sheriff of London 1372, Lord Mayor of London 1377 and 1383 | ||
Sir | Robert Tresilian | 1388 (Hanged) | High Treason, corruption, misuses of judicial office (under Merciless Parliament) | Cornwall (1369) | Chief Justice of the King's Bench 1381–87 | ||
Sir | Roger Perwych | October 1388 (prosecuted but died before judgement brought) | Armed assault | Leicestershire (1379, 1382, 1383, September 1388-death) | Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire (1377) | ||
Sir | John Bussy | 1399 (Beheaded at Bristol) | High Treason (under Henry IV having supported Richard II) | Lincolnshire (1383–85, 1388–97), Rutland (1391–93) | Speaker of the House of Commons (1394–98), High Sheriff of Lincolnshire (1383, 1385, 1390) | ||
Sir | Henry Green | c. 1347 | 1399 (Beheaded, with Bussy) | High Treason (same cause as Bussy) | Huntingdonshire (1390), Northamptonshire (1394–97), Wiltshire (1397-death) | ||
Sir | Thomas Blount | 1400 (Hanged, drawn and quartered at Oxford) | Participation in Epiphany Rising against Henry IV | Oxfordshire (1381–82) | |||
Sir | Thomas Shelley | 1400 (Hanged at Tyburn) | Treason, implicated in Epiphany Rising | Buckinghamshire (1397) | |||
Mr | Thomas Wintershall | c. 1364 | 1400 (beheaded) | Treason, joined in Epiphany Rising | Surrey (1397) | ||
Roger Cheyne | 1362 | 1414 (Died in the Tower) | Lollard Oldcastle Rising | Buckinghamshire (1404) | |||
Sir | John Cornwall | c. 1366 | 1414 (indicted but died before trial) | Harbouring murderer | Shropshire (1402, 1407) | High Sheriff of Shropshire 1399, 1403, 1405 | |
Sir | John Oldcastle | 1417 (Hanged and burnt) | Heresy as Lollard rebel | Herefordshire (1404) | High Sheriff of Herefordshire 1406 | ||
John Ninezergh | 1420 (Died in exile in France having abjured the English realm) | Homicide in 1414 | Appleby 1406 | ||||
Sir | William Tresham | 1404 | 1450 (Indicted but murdered before trial) | High Treason concerning Jack Cade rebellion | Northamptonshire (1423-death) | Speaker of the House of Commons (1449-death) | |
Sir | Sir Thomas Browne | 1402 | 1460 (Hanged) | High treason | Dover (1439–1444), Kent (1445–1446), Wallingford 1449–1450 | Chancellor of the Exchequer (1440–1450), High Sheriff for Kent in 1443-4 and JP for Surrey from 20 July 1454 till death | |
Sir | William Bonville | c. 1392/93 | 1461 (Beheaded after capture in Second Battle of St Albans) | Somerset (1421), Devon (1422, 1425, 1427) | KG, High Sheriff of Devon (1423) | ||
Sir | Thomas Tuddenham | 1401 | 1462 (Beheaded at the Tower) | High Treason implicated in plot to murder Edward IV | Suffolk (1431–32), Norfolk (1432, 1435, 1442) | Lancastrian; High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 1432, Master of the Great Wardrobe (1446–50), Treasurer of the Household (1458–60) | |
Sir | Sir Thomas Tresham | 1471 (Beheaded) | High treason | Northamptonshire | Speaker of the House of Commons (1459) & PC | ||
Sir | Gervase Clifton | 1471 (Beheaded) | High Treason | Kent (1455) | Treasurer of the Household and Treasurer of Calais (1450–60), High Sheriff of Kent 1439, 1450, 1458 | ||
Sir | John Delves | c. 1418 | 1471 (Beheaded) | High Treason | Staffordshire (1467–68) | Warden of the Mint 1471 | |
Sir | Thomas Vaughan | c. 1410 | 1483 (Executed at Pontefract) | Put to death in Richard III's coup | Cornwall (1478–83) | High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex 1464, Master of the King's Jewels 1465 | |
Sir | George Browne | 1440 | 1483 (Beheaded at the Tower) | High Treason for part in Buckingham's rising against Richard III | Guildford (1472), Surrey (1478), Canterbury (1483-death) | Son of Sir Thomas Browne and stepson of Sir Thomas Vaughan (above); Yorkist to 1483, then Lancastrian; High Sheriff of Kent 1480 | |
Sir | William Catesby | 1450 | 1485 (Beheaded after capture in Battle of Bosworth) | Put to death after Lancastrian victory over Richard III | Northamptonshire (1484-death) | Yorkist; also Speaker of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer | |
Sir | James Tyrrell | c. 1455 | 1502 (Executed) | High Treason | Cornwall (1483) | Yorkist in parliament. Governor of Guînes 1486–1501 | |
Sir | Sir Richard Empson | 1510 (Beheaded) | High treason | Northamptonshire | Speaker of the House of Commons (1510) & PC | ||
Sir | Sir Edmund Dudley | 1462 | 1510 (Beheaded) | High treason | Sussex | Speaker of the House of Commons (1503) & PC | |
Sir | Robert Sheffield | Before 1462 | 1518 (Died in the Tower) | Complaints against Cardinal Wolsey and falsely obtaining pardon | City of London (1495, 1497, 1504), Lincolnshire (1512–15) | Speaker of the House of Commons 1512; Recorder of the City of London 1495–1508 | |
Saint The Right Honourable Sir | Sir Thomas More | 1478 | 1535 (Beheaded) | High treason | Middlesex | Speaker of the House of Commons (1523), Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1525–1529), Lord Chancellor (1529–1532) and Master of Requests (1517) & PC | |
Mr | John Rastell | c. 1475 | 1536 (Died in gaol) | Anti-church statements | Launceston | ||
Sir | Francis Bigod | 1507 | 1537 (Hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn) | High Treason, led Catholic rising against Henry VIII | Seats unknown (1529 and 1536) | ||
The Rt Hon the Lord Hussey of Sleaford | Sir John Hussey | 1465/66 | 1536/37 (Beheaded at Lincoln) | Conspiracy, implicated in Pilgrimage of Grace | Lincolnshire (1515–29) | High Sheriff of Lincolnshire 1493, custos rotulorum of Lincolnshire by 1513 | |
Sir | Richard Tempest | c. 1480 | 1537 (died awaiting trial at Fleet Prison | Implicated in Pilgrimage of Grace) | Appleby (1529–36) | High Sheriff of Yorkshire 1516 | |
Mr | Thomas Moigne | c. 1509 | 1537 (Hanged, drawn and quartered at Lincoln) | High Treason, involved in Lincolnshire Rising | Lincoln (1536–death) | ||
Sir | Nicholas Carew | c. 1496 | 1539 (Beheaded at the Tower) | High Treason, implicated in Exeter Conspiracy | Surrey (1529–1536) | KG, Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex 1519, Master of the Horse (1522-death) | |
Right Honourable The Earl of Essex | Mr Thomas Cromwell | c. 1485 | 1540 (Beheaded at the Tower) | High Treason and heresy | Unknown English seat (1523), Taunton (1529–36) | KG PC; Secretary of State (1533–36), Chancellor of the Exchequer (1533–40), Master of the Rolls (1534–36), Lord Privy Seal (1536–40), Lord Great Chamberlain 1540 | |
Mr | Giles Heron | by 1504 | 1540 (Hanged at Tyburn) | High Treason | Thetford (1529) | ||
Right Honourable The Lord Seymour of Sudeley | Sir Thomas Seymour | c. 1509 | 1547 (Executed at the Tower) | High Treason | Wiltshire (left Commons 1547) | KG, Master General of the Ordnance (1544–47), Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (1545), Lord High Admiral of England (1547–49) | |
Sir | Thomas Arundell | c. 1502 | 1552 (Beheaded) | High Treason | Dorset (1545 and 1547) | KB, Receiver-General of the Duchy of Cornwall, High Sheriff of Dorset and Somerset (1531) | |
Sir | Michael Stanhope | by 1508 | 1552 (Beheaded) | Conspiracy to murder in same plot as Arundell | Nottinghamshire (1545-death) | ||
Sir | Ralph Vane | By 1510 | 1552 (hanged) | High Treason, conspiracy to murder | Unknown seat (recorded 1549) | ||
Right Honourable The Duke of Northumberland | Sir John Dudley | c. 1504 | 1553 (Beheaded) | High treason in placing Jane Grey on throne and attempted arrest of Mary Tudor | Kent (1534–36), Staffordshire (1542) | KG, PC; Lord High Admiral (1543–47), Lord Great Chamberlain (1547–50), Lord President of the Council, Warden General of the Scottish Marches and Lord Lieutenant of Warwickshire (1550–53) | |
Sir | Sir John Gates | by 1504 | 1553 (Beheaded) | High treason | Essex (1547–death) | KB, PC; Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster | |
Sir | Thomas Wyatt | 1521 | 1554 (Hanged, drawn and quartered) | High Treason, rebellion against Mary I | Kent (1547–53) | ||
Mr | William Thomas | by 1524 | 1554 (Hanged, drawn and quartered) | High Treason, accused of plotting assassination of Mary I | Old Sarum (1547), Downton (1553) | Clerk of the Privy Council to 1553 | |
Sir | Anthony Kingston | c. 1508 | 1556 (Arrested but died before justice could be brought) | Conspiracy to place Princess Elizabeth on throne. | Gloucestershire (1539–53, 1555-death) | High Sheriff of Gloucestershire 1533 and 1550, Constable of the Tower of London 1546, Provost Marshal 1549, Knight Marshal of Parliament 1555 | |
Mr | Edward Lewkenor | 1516/17 | 1556 (died in the Tower pending execution) | Treason in plotting to murder Queen Mary Tudor | Horsham (1553) | ||
Mr | Henry Peckham | by 1526 | 1556 (Hanged) | High Treason for plotting rising against Queen Mary Tudor | Wycombe (1553–55) | ||
Sir | Edward Waldegrave | c. 1516 | 1561 (died in the Tower) | Allowing Mass celebration at home | Wiltshire (1553), Somerset (1554), Essex (1558–59) | PC, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1554–58), Master of the Great Wardrobe to 1558 | |
The Blessed | Mr John Story | c. 1504 | 1571 (hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn) | High Treason for complicity in Rising of the North | Salisbury (1545–47), Hindon (1547–49), East Grinstead (1553–54), Bramber (April–November 1554), Bath (1554–55), Ludgershall (1555–58), Downton (1559–62) | Commissioner of heresy 1558 | |
The BlessedRight Honourable the 7th Earl of Northumberland | Mr Thomas Percy | 1528 | 1571 (Beheaded in York) | High Treason for complicity in Rising of the North | Westmorland (1554–55) | KG | |
Mr | Leonard Dacre | by 1533 | 1573 (died in exile at Brussels) | Evaded arrest for part in the Rising of the North | Cumberland (1558–70) | ||
Right Honourable the 8th Earl of Northumberland | Mr Henry Percy | 1532 | 1585 (died in the Tower-possible suicide) | High Treason | Morpeth (1554–55), Northumberland (left Commons 1572) | Brother of 7th Earl of Northumberland, above | |
Mr | William Parry | 1585 (expelled from Parliament and beheaded) | High Treason for considering assassination of Elizabeth I | Queenborough (1584–85) | |||
Brian Fowler | c. 1520 | 1587 (died at home on parole) | Recusancy | Staffordshire (1558) | |||
Sir | Thomas Fitzherbert | 1518 | 1591 (died in the Tower) | Recusancy | Staffordshire (1545–47) | High Sheriff of Staffordshire 1544 and 1555 | |
Sir | John Perrot | 1528 | 1592 (died in the Tower) | Treason | Carmarthenshire (1547), Sandwich (1553, 1555), Wareham (1559), Pembrokeshire (1563), Haverfordwest (1588-death) | PC, Lord Deputy of Ireland (1584–88) | |
Sir | Francis Englefield | c. 1522 | 1596 (died in exile in Spain) | Outlawed in absence for Treason over Catholic plot against Elizabeth I in 1578 | Berkshire (1553–58) | PC, High Sheriff of Oxfordshire and Berkshire 1547, Master of the Court of Wards | |
Sir | Sir Peter Wentworth | 1524 | 1597 (Died in the Tower) | For claiming Parliamentary privileges | Northampton (1586–1597) | ||
Sir | Gelly Meyrick | c. 1556 | 1601 (hanged at Tyburn) | Participation in Earl of Essex's rising | Carmarthen borough (1588–93), Pembrokeshire (1597–98) | ||
Sir | Sir Christopher Blount | c. 1556 | 1601 (Beheaded) | High treason (Essex rising) | Staffordshire (1593–98) | ||
Sir | Charles Danvers | 1568 | 1601 (Beheaded) | High treason (Essex rising) | Cirencester (1586–1593) | ||
Mr | John Lyttelton | 1561 | 1601 (Reprieved from execution but died in the Queen's Bench Prison) | High treason (Essex rising) | Worcestershire (1584, 1586, 1597) | ||
Sir | Walter Leveson | 1550 | 1602 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor (arising from piracy lawsuits) | Shropshire (1584, 1586–87, 1588–89), Newcastle-under-Lyme (1597–98) | ||
Mr | Thomas Ryvett | 1553 | 1610 (Died in King's Bench Prison) | Debtor | Orford (1597), Aldeburgh (1604-death) | ||
Sir | Sir Walter Raleigh | c. 1554 | 1618 (Beheaded) | High treason (participation in Main Plot against King James I) | Devonshire (1584–87), Mitchell (1593–97), Dorset (1597–98), Cornwall (1601) | Warden of the Stannaries (1585), Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall (1585), Vice-admiral of Devon and Cornwall, (1585) | |
Right Honourable Lord Clifton | Gervase Clifton | c. 1579 | 1618 (committed suicide in Fleet Prison) | Threatening Attorney-General Sir Francis Bacon over survey of his estates. | Huntingdonshire left Commons 1604 | ||
Right Honourable The Earl of Castlehaven | Sir Mervyn Tuchet aka Audley | c. 1588 | 1631 (beheaded on Tower Hill) | Sodomy and rape | Dorset (1614) | ||
Sir | Sir John Eliot | 1592 | 1632 (Died in the Tower) | For claiming parliamentary privileges against the King's order and King's Bench Court | St Germans 1614, Newport (Isle of Wight) 1628–29 | Vice-Admiral of Devon (1618) | |
The Right Honourable Earl of Strafford | Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford | 1593 | 1641 (Beheaded) | High treason | Yorkshire | Lord Lieutenant of Yorkshire (1628 until death), Custos Rotulorum of the West Riding of Yorkshire (1630 until death) and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1640 until death), KG, PC | |
Sir | John Suckling | 1609 | 1641? (committed suicide in exile in Paris) | High Treason, implicated in First Army Plot, found guilty in absence | Bramber (30 Apr-5 May 1640) | ||
Mr | Nathaniel Tomkins | 1584 | 1643 (Hanged) | Joining Royalist "Waller Plot" against Parliament | Carlisle (1614–21), Christchurch (1621–29) | ||
Mr | Henry Benson | c. 1578/79 | 1643 (died in prison) | Debtor | Knaresborough (1626–29 and 1640–41) | Royalist | |
The Right Honourable Baron Montagu of Boughton | Sir Edward Montagu | 1563 | 1644 (Died prisoner of Parliament at Savoy Hospital) | For being a Royalist | Bere Alston (1584–86), Tavistock (1597–1601), Brackley (1601–04), Northamptonshire (1604–21) | KB | |
Sir | Sir Alexander Carew, 2nd Baronet | 1609 | 1644 (Beheaded) | For being a Royalist | Cornwall (1640–43) | Brother of Regicide John Carew | |
Sir | John Bankes | 1589 | 1644 (Died before impeachment by Parliament) | High Treason | Wootton Bassett (1624), Morpeth (1626–29) | PC, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas (1640-death) | |
Sir | Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet the Elder | c. 1589 | 1645 (Beheaded) | For betraying the Parliamentarians to the Royalists | Beverley | ||
Sir | Sir John Hotham the Younger | 1610 | 1645 (Beheaded) | For betraying the Parliamentarians to the Royalists | Scarborough | ||
Sir | Alexander Denton | 1596 | 1645 (died in Tower of London) | Royalist in Civil war | Wendover (1624–25), Buckingham (1625–26, 1640–44) | ||
Sir | Mr Richard Baker | c. 1568 | 1645 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Arundel (1593–97), East Grinstead (1597–1601) | High Sheriff of Oxfordshire 1620 | |
Mr | Edward Bridgeman | after 1588 | 1646 (died prisoner of Parliament while being escorted to London) | Being a Royalist | Wigan (1625 and 1628–29), Liverpool (1626) | ||
Sir | Philip Stapleton | 1603 | 1647 (Died in exile at Calais evaded impeachment by Parliament) | High Treason | Hedon (1640), Boroughbridge (1640–47) | ||
Sir | Robert Heath | 1575 | 1649 (Died in exile at Calais evaded impeachment by Parliament) | High Treason | City of London (1621–22), East Grinstead (1624–25) | Solicitor General (1621–25), Attorney General (1625–31), Chief Justice of the Common Pleas (1631–34), Lord Chief Justice (1642–45) | |
Sir | Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland | 1590 | 1649 (Beheaded at Tower of London) | High treason in leading rising against Parliament | Leicester (1610–14) | KG KB PC | |
Mr | John Blakiston | 1603 | 1649 (Died before justice could be brought - Estate confiscated) | Regicide of Charles I | Newcastle upon Tyne (1640-death) | Mayor of Newcastle | |
Sir | Sir Peregrine Pelham | 1650 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Hull | Mayor of Hull 1649 | ||
Colonel | John Moore | 1599 | 1650 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Liverpool (1640-death) | Parliamentary Governor of Liverpool 1645, Governor of Dublin 1649-death | |
Mr | John Venn | 1586 | 1650 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | City of London (1640-death) | Governor of Windsor Castle 1642–45 | |
The Right Honourable | James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby | 1607 | 1651 (Beheaded in Bolton) | High Treason for being a Royalist | Liverpool (1625) | KG KB | |
Mr | Clement Walker | 1651 (died in Tower without trial) | High Treason (dissident Parliamentarian) | Wells (1645–48) | |||
Colonel | John Alured | 1607 | 1651 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Hedon | ||
General | Henry Ireton | 1611 | 1651 (posthumous execution of hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Appleby | Lord Deputy of Ireland (1650 until death) | |
Sir | Sir Gregory Norton, 1st Baronet | 1603 | 1652 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Midhurst | ||
Mr | Robert Jones | c. 1596 | 1653 (last recorded as prisoner in the Marshalsea) | debtor | Caernarvon Boroughs (1625–26) and Flintshire (1628–29) | Sheriff of Caernarvonshire 1643, Royalist Governor of Caernarvon Castle 1643–46 | |
Sir | Sir William Constable, 1st Baronet | 1590 | 1655 (Died before justice could be brought; body exhumed from Westminster Abbey and reburied in a communal burial pit after the Restoration) | Regicide of Charles I | Scarborough | ||
Sir | Sir Thomas Mauleverer, 1st Baronet | 1599 | 1655 (Died before justice could be brought, though his son fought for the Royalists and was allowed to keep the Baronetcy) | Regicide of Charles I | Boroughbridge | JP | |
Colonel | Anthony Stapley | 1590 | 1655 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Sussex | Governor of Chichester and Vice-Admiral of Sussex | |
Sir | Sir John Danvers | 1588 | 1655 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Malmesbury | Brother of Sir Charles Danvers (executed 1601) | |
Lord Grey of Groby | Thomas, Lord Grey of Groby | 1623 | 1657 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Leicester | ||
Mr | John Fry | 1609 | 1657 (Died before justice could be brought - estate confiscated) | Regicide of Charles I but did not sign death warrant | Shaftesbury (1647–51) | ||
Lord General | Oliver Cromwell | 1599 | 1658 (Posthumous execution of hanged and beheaded) | Regicide of Charles I | Huntingdon (1628–29), Cambridge (1640–49), Cambridgeshire (1653) | Roundhead; Lord Protector (1653-death); great-great nephew of Thomas Cromwell, father-in-law of Henry Ireton above. | |
Mr | Francis Allen | c. 1583 | 1658 (Died before justice could be brought - Estate confiscated) | Regicide of Charles I but did not sign death warrant | Cockermouth (1642–53) | ||
Mr | Humphrey Edwards | 1582 | 1658 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Shropshire | Chief Usher of the Exchequer (1650) and Commissioner of South Wales (1651) | |
Sir | Sir Henry Slingsby, 1st Baronet | 1602 | 1658 (Beheaded) | For being a Royalist | Knaresborough | ||
Mr | John Bradshaw | 1602 | 1659 (posthumous execution of hanged and beheaded) | Regicide of Charles I | Stafford (1654 but did not sit), Cheshire (1654 - but did not sit - and 1659) | Roundhead; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1649–54 and 1658–59) | |
Mr | William Purefoy | 1580 | 1659 (Died before justice could be brought – Estate confiscated) | Regicide of Charles I | Warwick | ||
Sir | Sir John Bourchier | c. 1595 | 1660 (Too ill to be tried and died soon after the Restoration in 1660) | Regicide of Charles I | Ripon (1647–53) | JP | |
Major-General | Thomas Harrison | 1606 | 1660 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Wendover | ||
Mr | John Carew | 1622 | 1660 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I, also brother of Sir Alexander Carew, 2nd Baronet | Tregony | ||
Mr | Gregory Clement | 1594 | 1660 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Fowey | ||
Mr | Thomas Scot | 1660 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Wycombe | |||
Mr | James Chaloner | 1602 | 1660 (Died before justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Aldborough (1648–53) | Governor of the Isle of Man (1655-death) | |
Colonel | John Jones | c. 1597 | 1661 (Hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Merionethshire (1647–53 and 1656–59) | Brother-in-law of Oliver Cromwell | |
Mr | Isaac Penington | 1584 | 1661 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | City of London | ||
Mr | Valentine Walton | 1594 | 1661 (Escaped to Germany) | Regicide of Charles I | Huntingdon | ||
Mr | Simon Mayne | 1612 | 1661 (Died in the Tower of London) | Regicide of Charles I | Aylesbury | ||
Sir | Henry Vane the Younger | 1613 | 1662 (Beheaded at the Tower) | Regicide of Charles I, High Treason against Charles II | Hull (1640–53, 1659–60) | Roundhead; Governor of Massachusetts 1636–37; son of Henry Vane the Elder (suicide) | |
Major-General Sir | Sir John Barkstead | 1662 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Middlesex | Governor of Reading and Steward of Cromwell's Household | ||
Colonel | John Okey | 1606 | 1662 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Bedfordshire | ||
Mr | Miles Corbet | 1595 | 1662 (hanged, drawn and quartered) | Regicide of Charles I | Great Yarmouth | Clerk of the Court of Wards | |
Mr | Peter Temple | c. 1599 | 1663 (died in the Tower) | Regicide of Charles I | Leicester (1645–53) | ||
Sir | Sir John Hutchinson | 1615 | 1664 (Imprisoned in Sandown Castle, Kent where he died on 11 September 1664) | Regicide of Charles I, implication in Yorkshire Plot | Nottingham | ||
Sir | Sir John Lisle | 1610 | 1664 (Escaped but then murdered) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Southampton | ||
Mr | Augustine Garland | 1603 | Last reported 1664 (Confiscation and imprisonment, later sentenced to transportation)[65]) | Regicide of Charles I | Queenborough (1648–53, 1654–56, 1659) | ||
Sir | Sir Henry Mildmay | 1593 | 1664 (Stripped of knighthood and died whilst being transported to Tangier) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Maldon | Master of the Kings Jewel House (1620) | |
Colonel | Robert Lilburne | 1613 | 1665 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | East Riding of Yorkshire | Governor of Newcastle-upon-Tyne | |
Sir | Sir Michael Livesay, 1st Baronet | 1614 | Unknown - last reported 1665 (Fled to Netherlands before Justice could be brought) | Regicide of Charles I | Queenborough | High Sheriff of Kent (1643, 1655 & 1656) | |
Colonel | John Downes | 1609 | 1666 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | Arundel | ||
Colonel | Thomas Wogan | 1620 | Last reported 1666 (Escaped to the Netherlands) | Regicide of Charles I | Cardigan | Governor of Aberystwyth Castle | |
Mr | Gilbert Millington | c. 1598 | 1666 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | Nottingham | ||
Mr | William Say | 1604 | 1666 (Escaped to Switzerland) | Regicide of Charles I | Camelford | ||
Mr | Robert Wallop | 1601 | 1667 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Andover | ||
Mr | Francis Lascelles | 1612 | 1667 (Forbidden to hold office again) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Northallerton | ||
Mr | William Cawley | 1602 | 1667 (Escaped to Switzerland) | Regicide of Charles I | Midhurst | ||
Sir | Sir Gilbert Pickering, 1st Baronet | 1611 | 1668 (Banned from holding offices for life) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Northamptonshire | Lord Chamberlain to Oliver Cromwell (1657) | |
Mr | Thomas Lister (Regicide) | 1597 | 1668 (Forbidden from holding office again) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Lincolnshire | ||
Colonel | Thomas Waite | 1668 (Life Imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | Rutland | Governor of Burley-on-the-Hill High Sheriff of Rutland | ||
Mr | Daniel Blagrave | 1603 | 1668 (Escaped to Germany) | Regicide of Charles I | Reading | Recorder of Reading from 1645 to 1656 and again from 1658 | |
Lord | John Hewson | 1620 | 1668 (Escaped to Amsterdam) | Regicide of Charles I | Guildford (1656–58) | ||
Mr | Henry Smith | 1620 | Last recorded 1668 (Died in prison on Jersey) | Regicide of Charles I | Leicestershire (1640–53) | ||
Mr | Augustine Skinner | c. 1594 | 1672 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Kent (1642–59) | ||
Major-General Sir | Sir George Fleetwood | 1623 | 1672 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | Buckingham | ||
The Right Honourable Viscount Monson | William Monson, 1st Viscount Monson | c. 1672 (Believed died in Fleet Prison; Stripped of all honours and titles) | Regicide of Charles I though did not actually sign | Reigate | |||
Colonel | Edmund Harvey | c. 1601 | 1673 (Life imprisonment, died in Pendennis Castle) | Regicide of Charles I but did not sign, High Treason | Great Bedwyn (1646–48, 1659), Middlesex (1654–55) | ||
Mr | William Heveningham | 1604 | 1678 (Imprisoned) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Stockbridge | ||
Sir | Solomon Swale, 1st Baronet | 1610 | November 1678 (Died in King's Bench Prison) | Debtor | Aldborough (1660-June 1678) | ||
Major-General | William Goffe | c. 1605 | c. 1679 (escaped to New England where he died) | Regicide of Charles I | Great Yarmouth 1654, Hampshire 1656 | ||
Colonel | James Temple | 1606 | 1680 (Life imprisonment) | Regicide of Charles I | Bramber | ||
Sir | Sir James Harrington, 3rd Baronet | 1607 | 1680 (Exiled and stripped of Baronetcy for life) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Middlesex | ||
Sir | Sir Henry Marten | 1602 | 1680 (Died prisoner in Chepstow Castle) | Regicide of Charles I | Berkshire (1640–43 and 1646–53) | ||
Mr | Nicholas Love | 1608 | 1682 (Escaped to Switzerland) | Regicide of Charles I though did not sign | Winchester | ||
Sir | Robert Tichborne | c. 1604 | 1682 (Died in the Tower of London) | Regicide of Charles I | City of London (1653) | Roundhead; Sheriff of London 1650, Lord Mayor of London 1656 | |
The Right Honourable Lord Russell | William Russell, Lord Russell | 1639 | 1683 (Beheaded) | High treason and the Rye House Plot | Bedfordshire | PC, forerunner of the Whig Party | |
Colonel | Algernon Sidney | 1623 | 1683 (Beheaded) | High treason and the Rye House Plot | Cardiff (1645–53) | Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (1648–51) | |
Mr | George Bowerman | c. 1646 | 1683 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Bridport (1677–79) | ||
Sir | Thomas Armstrong | 1633 | 1684 (Beheaded) | High treason and the Rye House Plot | Stafford (1679–81) | ||
Major-General | John Lambert | 1619 | 1684 (died in prison on Drake's Island) | High treason as Roundhead leader | West Yorkshire (1654, 1656), Pontefract (1659) | ||
Sir | George Pudsey | 1688 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Oxford (1685-death) | Tory; Recorder of Oxford 1683-death | ||
Mr | John Dixwell | 1607 | 1689 (Escaped to America) | Regicide of Charles I | Dover | ||
Admiral of the Fleet Right Honourable Baron Dartmouth | George Legge | c. 1647 | 1691 (died in the Tower) | Detained as Jacobite loyal to King James II | Ludgershall (1673–79), Portsmouth (1679–85) | PC, Governor of Portsmouth (1673–82), Master-General of the Ordnance (1682–88), Governor of Tangier (1683–84), Constable of the Tower of London (1685–88) | |
Lieutenant-General | Edmund Ludlow | 1617 | 1692 (Surrendered then escaped - died in exile in Switzerland) | Regicide of Charles I | Wiltshire | Lord Deputy of Ireland (1659–1660) | |
Mr | John Friend | c. 1641 | 1696 (Hanged at Tyburn) | High treason, implicated in Jacobite assassination plot against William III | Great Yarmouth (1685) | ||
Sir | Sir John Fenwick, 3rd Baronet | 1645 | 1697 (Beheaded) | High treason and for being a Jacobite | Northumberland | ||
Mr | John Bennet | c. 1656 | 1712 (died in gaol) | debtor | Newton (1691–95) | ||
Mr | Edmund Dummer | 1651 | 1713 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Arundel (left Commons 1708) | Surveyor of the Navy (1692–99) | |
Sir | Alexander Rigby | c. 1663 | 1717 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Wigan (1701–02) | High Sheriff of Lancashire 1690 | |
Sir | Thomas Tipping, 1st Baronet | 1653 | 1718 (died in prison in Southwark) | debtor | Oxfordshire (1685), Wallingford (1689–90 and 1695–1701) | Whig to 1713, Tory since | |
Mr | John Essington | 1689 | 1729 (died at Newgate Prison) | debtor | New Romney (1727-death) | Whig; High Sheriff of Surrey 1724 | |
Sir | Sir Henry Goring, 4th Baronet | 1679 | 1731 (died in exile in France) | Conspiracy in Atterbury Plot 1722 | Horsham (1707–08 and January–June 1715) and Steyning (1709–15) | Tory | |
Mr | Abraham Blackmore | c. 1677 | 1732 (committed suicide in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Mitchell (1710–13), Newton (1713–15) | Tory | |
Mr | George Robinson | before 1727 | after 1732 (absconded, and expelled from Parliament) | fraud | Great Marlow (1731–32) | ||
Mr | Matthew Jenison | 1654 | 1734 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Newark (1701–1705) | ||
Mr | William Beaw | c. 1676 | 1738 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Mitchell (February–November 1701) | ||
Mr | Anthony Hammond | 1668 | 1738 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Huntingdonshire (1695–98), Cambridge University (1698–1702), Huntingdon borough (1702–08), New Shoreham (1708) | Deputy Paymaster of the Forces 1711 | |
Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 2nd Baronet | 1678 | 1746 (died in Gloucester gaol) | Debtor | Coventry (1707–10), Calne (1715–22), Lostwithiel (1724–27), Bletchingley (1727–34), Dunwich (1734–38) | Governor of Barbados (1737–38), Whig | ||
Admiral The Honourable | John Byng | 1704 | 1757 (shot, after court martial, aboard HMS Monarch) | Cowardice and disaffection, in failing to prevent capture of Minorca by the French. | Rochester (1751-death) | Son of Viscount Torrington, hence Honourable; Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland (1742) | |
Right Honourable | George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot | 1718 | 1777 (died in detention near Fort St George, India) | Misconduct in office, corruption | Wallingford (1765–68), Bridgnorth (1768-death) | Irish peer so could sit in Westminster; Governor of Madras (1775-death) | |
Mr | Robert Paris Taylor | c. 1741 | 1792 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Berwick-upon-Tweed (1768–74) | Whig; Deputy Paymaster in Germany (1759–63) | |
Lord | George Gordon | 1751 | 1793 (died in Newgate Prison) | defamation | Ludgershall (1774–80) | Son of Duke of Gordon hence Lord | |
Sir | William Congreve | 1772 | 1828 (died in exile in France) | avoiding prosecution for business fraud (found guilty) | Gatton (1812–18), Plymouth (1818-death) | KCH FRS: Tory | |
Mr | Andrew Cochrane-Johnstone | 1767 | 1833 (died in exile in France) | fled prosecution for Stock Exchange fraud | Stirling Burghs (1791–97), Grampound (1807–08 and 1812–14) | Tory; Governor of Dominica 1797–1803 | |
Mr | John Mytton | 1796 | 1834 (died in King's Bench Prison) | debtor | Shrewsbury (1819–20) | Tory; Sheriff of Merionethshire 1821, Sheriff of Shropshire 1823, Mayor of Oswestry 1824 | |
The Honourable | Edward King, Viscount Kingsborough | 1795 | 1837 (died of typhus in Sheriff's Prison, Dublin) | debtor | County Cork (1818–26) | Son of 3rd Earl of Kingston, hence Viscount Kingsborough; Whig | |
Mr | John Wharton | 1765 | 1843 (died in Fleet Prison) | debtor | Beverley (1790–96 and 1802–26) | Whig | |
Mr | Frederick William Mullins (from 1841 De Moleyns) | 1804 | 1854 (died in Fleet Prison) | Forgery of signature with intent to defraud bank | Kerry (1831–37) | Whig, later Liberal | |
Mr | William John Bankes | 1786 | 1855 (died in exile Venice) | avoiding prosecution for sodomy[66] in 1841. | Truro (1810), Cambridge University (1822–26), Marlborough (1829–32), Dorset (1832–35) | Conservative; FRS | |
Mr | William Smith O'Brien | 1803 | 1864 (Sentenced to death but exiled and later pardoned) | High Treason for promoting Irish rebellion in 1848 | County Limerick (1835–1848) | ||
Mr | Pierce McCan | 1882 | 1919 (Died of Spanish influenza in Gloucester Prison) | Uncharged but implicated in so-called "German Plot" | East Tipperary (1918-death but did not sit) | Sinn Féin; also Irish Teachta Dála but unable to sit. | |
Mr | Terence Joseph McSwiney | 1879 | 1920 (Died after hunger strike in Brixton Prison) | Possession of seditious articles and documents (in Irish republican cause) | Mid Cork (1918-death, though did not sit) | Sinn Féin; Lord Mayor of Cork 1920 | |
Mr | Harry Boland | 1887 | 1922 (Died in hospital after wounding when arrested by Irish Free State Army) | Anti-Anglo-Irish Treaty IRA member | South Roscommon (1918-death but did not sit) | Sinn Féin; later Irish Teachta Dála | |
Mr | Liam Mellows | 1895 | 1922 (Executed by firing squad at Mountjoy Prison) | Reprisal during Irish Civil War[67] | Galway East (1918–22 but did not sit) | Sinn Féin; later Irish Teachta Dála | |
Mr | Joseph MacDonagh | 1883 | 1922 (Died after hunger strike in prison under Irish Free State) | Political - opponent of Anglo-Irish Treaty | Tipperary North (1918–22 but did not sit) | Sinn Féin; also Irish Teachta Dála | |
Mr | Seán Etchingham | 1870 | 1923 (Died of sickness in prison under Irish Free State) | Political detainee during Irish Civil War | Wicklow East (1918–22 but did not sit) | Sinn Féin; also Irish Teachta Dála and Secretary for Fisheries in Free State government. | |
Mr | Bobby Sands | 1954 | 5 May 1981 (Died after hunger strike in Maze Prison) | Unlawful possession of arms, membership of PIRA | Fermanagh and South Tyrone (9 April 1981-death, but unable to sit) | Anti H-Block |
See also
- Parliamentary records of the United Kingdom
- UK general election records
- UK by-election records
- Records of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom
- List of military veterans in British politics
References
- ^ "The House of Commons 1690–1715: The Members". History of Parliament Online. 2002. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ^ http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1754-1790/member/fox-hon-charles-james-1749-1806
- ^ "House of Commons 1790–1820: III. The Members". History of Parliament Online. 1986. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ^ "The House of Commons 1754–1790: III. The Members". History of Parliament Online. 1964. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ^ Before 1832 minors could be elected; precise information on those MPs is often unclear.
- ^ a b c d McWhirter, Norris (1996). Guinness Book of Records. Guinness Publishing. pp. 185–6. ISBN 0-85112-646-4.
- ^ a b [1]"'Powerhouse' Ron Atkins celebrates 100th birthday", Lancashire Evening Press. Monday 13 June 2016.
- ^ [2] History of Parliament Online article on Warren Lisle by J.A. Cannon.
- ^ Davies officially claimed to be 85, but appears to have been older.
- ^ The Times, 24 Mar 1924; pg. 15.
- ^ He was recorded as aged 16 when he matriculated at Oriel College, Oxford, on 25 January 1638/39.
- ^ [3] History of Parliament article
- ^ [4] History of Parliament online article, by Alan Davidson and Simon Healy, who state he was born about 1553, was elected in about January 1576 (New Style calendar, in his day this would have been Old Style, now expressed as January 1575/76), and died in about April 1648.
- ^ Buchanan, Tom (1991). The Spanish Civil War and the British Labour Movement. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 98. ISBN 0521393337.
- ^ That year Duke was admitted to the House of Commons by petition, after losing the December 1910 General Election by only 4 votes.
- ^ [5] History of Parliament Online article on Edward Mainwaring. Dates calculated from those given in Lists of Parliaments of England.
- ^ [6] History of Parliament Online article on Sir William Killigrew.
- ^ Elected in absentia to succeed deceased brother while remaining resident in Australia.
- ^ "Women in the House of Commons" (PDF). UK Parliament.
- ^ They may become surpassed by the case of the Bottomleys should Peter Bottomley survive in office beyond 14 July 2016.
- ^ Chris Pond, Parliament and Religious Disabilities
- ^ "Conservative MP 'is tallest ever'", BBC News, 21 June 2005. Accessed 3 April 2007.
- ^ a b [7] Article in Total Politics by Alistair Lamyman, 28 January 2014.
- ^ Ford, David Nash (2010). "John Cheney (c.1442–1499)". Royal Berkshire History. Nash Ford Publishing. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
- ^ "Frank Dobson: Labour needs to be 'knocking lumps off' this government". The Guardian. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
- ^ [8] History of Parliament article by Sir Lewis Namier.
- ^ Lady Holland Journal, Volume I, page 238. She wrote: "...his tongue is too big for his mouth, and his utterance is so impeded by it that what he attempts to articulate is generally unintelligible." She was a member of the Fox family, political opponents.
- ^ Mp, Conservative (17 October 2002). "David Maclean". BBC News. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ Wedgwood, Josiah C. (1917). Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. William Salt Archaeological Society. p. 13.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 68.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 125.
- ^ [9] History of Parliament Online article. He was reported on 17 July 1403 to have defected, with his men under him, to the Percy side when serving in Wales. It is not reported he died in the battle (on 21 July) or was executed or imprisoned, but he was dead by 16 August when his estates were forfeit to the Crown as a traitor and awarded to a loyalist Lancastrian knight.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 250.
- ^ [10] History of Parliament article.
- ^ For purposes of CWGC commemoration, the period is 4 August 1914 to 31 August 1921, if the casualty was serving in the military at death or died post-discharge from effects of service in the war.
- ^ Based on stated death age of 40 as per CWGC casualty record.
- ^ Period for commemoration by CWGC covers 3 September 1939 to 31 December 1947.
- ^ According to account given in 1645.
- ^ Anecdotally arose in courtroom when "a massive country fellow trod on his toe".
- ^ [11] History of Parliament Online article. Recorded by wife of Regicide John Hutchinson, and widely believed in the Onslow family although his death was officially announced as being due to an ague which caused gangrene.
- ^ Weyman, Henry T. (1915). "Members of Parliament for Bridgnorth". Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society, 4th Series, Volume V. pp. 60–61.According to Weyman, Waring had been carousing celebrating anniversary of Charles I's execution.
- ^ Cokayne, G.E. (Editor) (1906). The Complete Baronetage, Volume V. William Pollard & Co. p. 109.
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:|first=
has generic name (help) - ^ "Members of Parliament for Bridgnorth". Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society, Series 4, Volume V. p. 69.According to Weyman, aged 52.
- ^ Weyman, Henry T. "Members of Parliament for Bridgnorth". Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeologial Society, Series 4, Volume V. p. 71.
- ^ He was attempting to save an estate worker from being killed in same incident.
- ^ Cokayne, G.E. (Editor) (1906). The Complete Baronetage. Vol. Volume V. William Pollard & Co. p. 250.
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:|first=
has generic name (help);|volume=
has extra text (help) - ^ He died only a few days after elevation to his peerage, qualifying him for House of Lords.
- ^ a b Although officially established as accident, there were suspicions in Polish quarters the plane was sabotaged in attempt to assassinate General Sikorski, one of the passengers.
- ^ Duel took place while he was standing at General Election but he was not re-elected to his seat.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 60.While serving a distraint on an outlaw.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 74.Killed by two men, later prosecuted by his widow, outside Stafford.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 145.
- ^ [12] History of Parliament Online article. According to Calendar of Close Rolls, 1392–96, a coroner was appointed "to view the body of Thomas Solas, wickedly slaine in Southwerke".
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 279.
- ^ Poisoned himself in exile, according to John Aubrey's second-hand account in Brief Lives (begun 1680), a later second-hand report by Alexander Pope stated he died from a wound infection caused by a nail in his boot, while a pamphlet alleged he died in the hands of the Spanish Inquisition.
- ^ According to Royalist sources.
- ^ [13] History of Parliament Online article by D.W. Hayton. He was found dead with gunshot wounds to head in Genoa; by one account murdered by a vengeful husband, but the Genoese senate judged him a suicide, seizing his effects and arranging his burial at sea instead of in consecrated ground.
- ^ Announced to have died suddenly but believed to have taken poison to avoid discovery of defrauding Bank of England and embezzlement.
- ^ According to coroner verdict in Alexandria, Egypt, having been found dead in sea with bullet wound to head - although it was also rumoured he had been murdered possibly by Romanians.
- ^ Absconded twice, second time permanently. Bankruptcy proceedings in absence until 1748.
- ^ He had been missing "for some weeks" when a body was found on 10 June 1738 wrongly identified as his. He was arrested in October same year.
- ^ Last reported at Cape Town en route for India on 27 December 1769.
- ^ His family reported him missing a week after failing to return home, then he was found a week later having had nervous breadown and lost memory of his movements.
- ^ Staffordshire Parliamentary History, Volume I. p. 85.
- ^ Garland was on list of men sentenced to transportation to Tangier in 1664 but no evidence the sentence was carried out.
- ^ Then a criminal offence.
- ^ http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0002/D.0002.192212080006.html